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The idea behind the aggregation of multiple intrusion detections (IDS) is due to the inability of stand-alone IDS to meet the demand of today's network traffic with high complexity of intrusions. Multiple IDS can be aggregated in order to meet the requirement for low false alarms and the demand for high detection rate. This paper shows that by appropriate adjustment in the threshold results in better performance during the aggregation process of the multiple IDS. Complementary IDS are used to increase the detection rate rather than the individual IDS. A number of evaluation metrics is used to show that there is a significant enhancement in the performance of the IDS system. The threshold bounds are derived using three well known inequalities in probability theory and compared for better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is now a major source of agricultural water supply in many parts of the world. The value of groundwater as a new source of supply is well known. However, its additional buffering or stabilization value is less appreciated and even less analysed. Knowledge on groundwater's stabilization value is advanced by developing and estimating an empirical model using the case of tank irrigation systems in Tamil Nadu, India. Unlike previous work, the model uses cross-sectional rather than time-series data. The results show that for the case-study region, the stabilization function added approximately 15% to supply value. Scenarios with surface water and electricity price were incorporated in the model. Increased surface-water supply and electricity price caused reduction in groundwater use but the percent of stabilization value of groundwater increased. The findings are used both to suggest improvements in tank irrigation systems and to further contextualize knowledge of groundwater's stabilization value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irrigation tanks in India are common property resources. Tanks provide not only for irrigation, but also forestry, fishing, domestic water supply, livestock, and other uses. Using empirical results from a study of tank performance from 80 tanks in Tamil Nadu, South India in two time period: 1996-97 and 2009-10, this paper evaluates tank irrigation system performance in terms of economic output and revenue generation forirrigation and other uses. The results indicate that irrigation and other productive uses put together raised the total value of output at tank level by 12 % in 1996-97 and just 6 % in 2009-10. This may suggest that tank multiple use values are small and getting smaller, and therefore not worth consideration. However, it was also found that, while declining in absolute terms, non-irrigation uses provided the majority of tax revenues and still more than cover government's operation and maintenance expenditure (O&M) budget. This finding provides another reason to consider multiple use values and their linkage with overall system viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]