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Abstract Cultural heritage visualisation research is a vast and constantly evolving field full of energy. It is concerned with the conservation, exhibition and education of cultural heritage. Plenty of studies have been reported, while more general bibliometric research is lacking. Thus, this study analyses, quantifies and maps the cultural heritage visualisation research from 1998 to 2023 using the Web of Science (WOS) core database. Biblioshiny was used to classify and evaluate the contributions of authors, countries, topics and journals. In addition, VOSviewer was used for the visual presentation of keywords. The results show that the hotspots of cultural heritage visualisation research are 3D modelling and digital management. Such techniques have become increasingly important and prevalent in the field of cultural heritage, with a multitude of activities. The study also makes predictions about how the future of cultural heritage visualisation will change, including a larger range of applications and cross-border collaboration across various disciplines. Therefore, this study provides a relatively new perspective through which more research directions can be found for the exploitation of cultural heritage conservation.

Abstract While many organizations have successfully leveraged big data analytics capabilities to improve their performance, our understanding is limited on whether and how big data analytics capabilities affect social innovation in organizations. Based on the organizational information processing theory and the organizational learning theory, this study aims to investigate how big data analytics capabilities support social innovation, and how knowledge ambidexterity mediates this relationship. A total of 354 high-tech companies in China, this study shows that big data analytics management, big data analytics technology, and big data analytics personnel capabilities all have positive effects on social innovation. In addition, both knowledge exploration and knowledge exploitation play a mediating role in this process. Furthermore, a polynomial regression and response surface analysis shows that social innovation increases when knowledge exploration and knowledge exploitation are highly consistent but declines when knowledge exploration and knowledge exploitation are inconsistent. This study not only provides new perspectives for understanding how big data analytics capabilities contribute to social innovation, complementing the existing literature on big data analytics capabilities and social innovation, but also provides important practical guidance on how organizations can develop big data analytics capabilities to improve social innovation and solve social problems in the digital age.

Abstract Because non-pharmaceutical interventions are an essential part of pandemic influenza control planning, the complex impacts of such measures must be clearly and comprehensively understood. Research has examined the health and environmental effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions, but has not yet examined their socio-political effects. Using data from the COVID-19 pandemic period, this article examined the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on people’s online participation in China in 2020. Using the difference-in-differences method, it showed that counter-COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions in Chinese cities led to a 0.217 increase in daily messages to City Party Secretaries, which were consistent with findings of an alternative counterfactual estimator and other additional robustness tests. The effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions were larger in cities with better economic conditions, better telecommunication foundations, and better-educated residents. Mechanism analyses implied that the increase in online participation resulted from not only citizens’ increased actual demand for seeking help and expressing thanks but also their active coproduction activities to address the crisis. Overall, this study identified the socio-political effects of counter-pandemic non-pharmaceutical interventions and discussed how these interventions could be optimized.

Abstract Recent scholarship has argued for a Western basis for the Judge Dee Mysteries, a detective fiction series by Sinologist Robert van Gulik (1910–1967) set in Tang China. But these studies primarily focus on how Chinese elements are recreated to cater to Anglophone readers’ tastes, neglecting to discuss their actual Western origins in any detail. This paper will make the attempt by focusing on one of the novels, The Haunted Monastery, to investigate how Gothic Taoism is projected through the internal organization of the semantic universe (characters, settings, and conflicts) in the multiple worlds of this detective fiction. It observes how van Gulik recreates anti-religious conventions in the traditional Western Gothic novel and in Chinese courtroom fiction. This artistic innovation highlights the dual facets of Taoism in the story, as it navigates between the realms of crime and faith. On the one hand, it faces the purely divine world, while on the other, it faces the secular world dominated by limitless desire.

Abstract Necroptosis is a lytic form of regulated cell death reported to contribute to inflammatory diseases of the gut, skin and lung, as well as ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the kidney, heart and brain. However, precise identification of the cells and tissues that undergo necroptotic cell death in vivo has proven challenging in the absence of robust protocols for immunohistochemical detection. Here, we provide automated immunohistochemistry protocols to detect core necroptosis regulators – Caspase-8, RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL – in formalin-fixed mouse and human tissues. We observed surprising heterogeneity in protein expression within tissues, whereby short-lived immune barrier cells were replete with necroptotic effectors, whereas long-lived cells lacked RIPK3 or MLKL expression. Local changes in the expression of necroptotic effectors occurred in response to insults such as inflammation, dysbiosis or immune challenge, consistent with necroptosis being dysregulated in disease contexts. These methods will facilitate the precise localisation and evaluation of necroptotic signaling in vivo.

Abstract Wearable devices are increasingly integral to our daily lives but raise significant concerns about the security of personal data. In contrast, users often skip reading privacy policies when installing apps on wearable devices. This gap between the concerns and behaviors has spurred disputes regarding business ethics between app providers and users when private information is leaked. While much research has explored the reasons underlying users’ skipping behaviors on mobile phones or tablets, there has been limited attention given to wearable devices despite their prevalence. Unlike mobile phones or tablets, wearable devices often have limited capabilities, necessitating users to install essential apps and perceive a strong sense of necessity. This research, using both eye tracking and self-report methods, investigates how this perceived necessity affects users’ attention to privacy policies on wearable devices during app installations and how it interacts with the presence of threat clues – a key factor that influences behaviors toward privacy policies. In Study 1, eye tracking technology is applied to observe the variation in users’ attention toward privacy policies. Results indicate that when users perceive a high (vs. low) necessity for an app, they pay less attention to its privacy policy. This effect is amplified when there are strong threat clues present. In Study 2, based on the process-dissociation procedure (PDP), the cognitive mechanisms underlying user reading behavior are uncovered. The findings show that users with high perceived necessity are less inclined to engage in analytical processing when reading privacy policies, and this tendency is further strengthened by strong threat clues. This research supplements the existing literature on users’ behaviors toward privacy policies on wearable devices, and it also provides practical insights for prompting users to pay more attention to privacy policies and enjoy a secure digital experience.

Abstract Entrepreneurship is of great significance to individuals, families and society. Recently, intrapreneurship, i.e., business ventures within established organisations, has also attracted widespread interest among individuals and organisations. However, we still know little about how individuals make decisions when they face diverse types of entrepreneurial activities. Based on theories of entrepreneurial action and conservation of resources and the literature on family embeddedness, this paper proposes an integrated framework for entrepreneurial choice—including intrapreneurship, self-employment and non-entrepreneurship, and examines the roles of socio-cognitive traits and family contingency factors in the entrepreneurial choice process. By using secondary and survey data, the empirical results show that (a) entrepreneurial alertness (EA) and self-efficacy (ESE) both positively affect individuals’ choice towards intrapreneurship and self-employment, with a stronger effect on the latter; (b) the interaction between EA and ESE has a negative effect on intrapreneurship but a positive effect on self-employment; (c) family-to-work conflict weakens the aforementioned interactive effect on both intrapreneurship and self-employment, whereas work-to-family conflict strengthens its effect on self-employment; (d) household income strengthens the interactive effect on both intrapreneurship and self-employment. Overall, these findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the relationship among individual cognitive traits, family contingencies and entrepreneurial choice. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Abstract Accurately predicting and selecting patients who can benefit from targeted or immunotherapy is crucial for precision therapy. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) has been extensively investigated as a pan-cancer biomarker expressed in various tumours and plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis through multiple signalling pathways. Our laboratory successfully developed two 68Ga-labelled nanobody tracers that can rapidly and specifically target Trop2. Of the two tracers, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-T4, demonstrated excellent pharmacokinetics in preclinical mouse models and a beagle dog. Moreover, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-T4 immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) allowed noninvasive visualisation of Trop2 heterogeneous and differential expression in preclinical solid tumour models and ten patients with solid tumours. [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-T4 immunoPET could facilitate clinical decision-making through patient stratification and response monitoring during Trop2-targeted therapies.

Abstract Radiotherapy (RT) has been reported to induce abscopal effect in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but such phenomenon was only observed in sporadic cases. Here, we demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly(I:C) could strengthen the abscopal effect during RT through activating tumor cell ferroptosis signals in bilateral HCC subcutaneous tumor mouse models, which could be significantly abolished by TLR3 knock-out or ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1. Moreover, poly(I:C) could promote the presentation of tumor neoantigens by dendritic cells to enhance the recruitment of activated CD8+ T cells into distant tumor tissues for inducing tumor cell ferroptosis during RT treatment. Finally, the safety and feasibility of combining poly(I:C) with RT for treating advanced HCC patients were further verified in a prospective clinical trial. Thus, enhancing TLR3 signaling activation during RT could provide a novel strategy for strengthening abscopal effect to improve the clinical benefits of advanced HCC patients.

Abstract Increasing people’s subjective well-being (SWB) remains a critical challenge for all countries. However, few studies have been dedicated to examining the influence of environmental governance programs on SWB, especially in developing and non-democratic societies. This paper aims to fill this void by taking the Rural Living Environment Improvement (RLEI) program in China—the largest rural living environment governance program in history, as an example to understand the role of environmental governance programs in SWB in the world’s biggest developing and non-democratic country. Based on 3747 individual samples from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey database, we found that RLEI can significantly improve rural residents’ SWB. This effect remains significant after using the propensity score matching method and the instrumental variable approach to address potential selection bias and endogenous problems. The indirect analysis shows that RLEI can increase rural residents’ SWB mainly through improving their income, consumption expenditure, and health. Compared with rural sewage and livestock manure RLEI programs, rural waste RLEI program has a greater enhanced impact on rural residents’ SWB. The monetary value of RLEI based on the life satisfaction approach shows that the resulting improvement in rural residents’ SWB created by RLEI is almost equivalent to the effect of household income. While the monetary value of rural sewage, livestock manure, and rural waste RLEI program is equivalent to 1.2, 3.67, and 1.1 times the effect of household income. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that RLEI has a greater positive impact on SWB for junior and old-aged, low-educated, Midwestern and Northeastern, and working rural residents.

Abstract China’s Top-10000 Enterprises Energy Conservation and Low Carbon Program, enacted in 2011, sets binding energy saving targets for enterprises. However, whether energy saving target setting is a poison or a catalyst remains controversial, and no research has been conducted on how the targets affect enterprises’ total factor productivity. We construct 2012–2013 panel data models by mapping the enterprises subject to the energy saving targets onto the China Industrial Enterprise Database to systematically quantify the effects of the targets on enterprises’ total factor productivity. The study reveals an inverted-U-shaped curve between energy saving targets and manufacturers’ total factor productivity. We also find that the targets boost an enterprise’s total factor productivity by expanding the enterprise’s market share and their impacts vary according to region, type of enterprise, and industry. The study shows that setting appropriate energy saving targets can improve the environment and boost enterprise productivity.

Abstract Global financial systems are inherently fragile due to their complexities. Thus, it is of great interest to devise various methods to assess the dynamics of financial fragility. As such, this study builds a financial fragility evaluation index system. The study finds three major fluctuations in the trend of financial fragility due to the great recession in 2008, the huge financial volatility in 2015, and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019. It also tests the index system on the Chinese finance market from 2007 to 2022. Observations of capital adequacy, non-performing loans, and liquidity ratios, in addition to the average return on total assets, are used to assess banking fragility. The results attained show that amongst the tested banks, the Bank of Ningbo has the lowest vulnerability score, mainly due to its higher average return on total assets, capital adequacy ratios, and lower non-performing loan ratio. On the other end of the spectrum, China Minsheng Bank has the highest vulnerability score due to its lower capital adequacy and higher non-performing loan ratios. These findings provide valuable insights into the banking sector in China for policy formulation.

Abstract Against the dual backdrop of China vigorously promoting high-speed railways (HSR) construction and establishing an ecological civilization system, HSR as urban transportation infrastructure, is currently gaining growing attention from the academic community due to its environmental benefits as well as its effects in energy conservation and emission reduction. In this context, this research treats the initiation of HSR as a quasi-natural experiment, meanwhile empirically examining the effect of HSR on energy structure restructuring and exploring the micro-level channels through which it operates. The empirical results validate the reduction effect of HSR opening on fuel energy consumption of industrial enterprises, especially the usage of fuel coal. This highlight remains valid across a series of robustness tests. Moreover, it is evident that the “driving effect” of enterprise technological innovation capability and the “industrial upgrading effect” of enterprise relocation are effective transmission pathways in the process of HSR opening influencing the adjustment of energy consumption structure. Moreover, the unique characteristics of enterprise, industry, and region introduce a certain degree of heterogeneity. The low-energy-consumption effect of HSR is more pronounced in high-carbon industry enterprises, technology-intensive enterprises, firms engaged in innovation pilot cities, small to the medium-sized city and resource-based city. This paper provides a new perspective on energy structure adjustment, contributing to offering solid experiences and references for environmental governance in China and other emerging economies.

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) presents differential selective pressure (DSP) that favors the growth of cancer cells, and monovalent therapy is often inadequate in reversing the cancer cell dominance in the TME. In this work, we introduce bacteria as a foreign species to the TME and explore combinatorial treatment strategies to alter DSP for tumor eradication. We show that cancer-selective chemotherapeutic agents and fasting can provide a strong selection pressure against tumor growth in the presence of bacteria. Moreover, we show that an immunogenic drug (oxaliplatin), but not a non-immunogenic one (5-FU), synergizes with the bacteria to activate both the innate and adaptive immunity in the TME, resulting in complete tumor remission and a sustained anti-tumor immunological memory in mice. The combination of oxaliplatin and bacteria greatly enhances the co-stimulatory and antigen-presenting molecules on antigen-presenting cells, which in turn bridge the cytotoxic T cells for cancer-cell killing. Our findings indicate that rational combination of bacterial therapy and immunogenic chemotherapy can promote anticancer immunity against the immunosuppressive TME.

Abstract Poverty eradication is the first goal on the United Nations’ list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the relationships between poverty eradication and the other SDGs remain unclear, and thus current knowledge is insufficient to support the synergized achievement of the SDGs. China eliminated extreme poverty in 2021, and thus in this study, we analyzed the variations in sustainability and equality related to the environment and the provision of public services in China during the poverty eradication program from 2010 to 2020. We combined statistical data, point of interest data, and environmental monitoring and remote sensing data to evaluate progress in China’s 832 poverty-stricken counties. The results showed that the mean values of environmental and public service sustainability indicators improved from 2010 to 2020. In addition, the mean Theil index value decreased from 0.46 to 0.35 during this period, implying a reduction in inequality. Inequality between poverty-stricken and non-poverty-stricken areas accounted for 9.3% of overall inequality among the counties in 2010, and this had decreased to 7.7% in 2020. However, unbalanced regional investment resulted in increased gaps between poverty-stricken and non-poverty-stricken counties in relation to education and health care. Overall, 15% of the population and 54.8% of the land area in poverty-stricken counties experienced both a loss of their advantage in terms of environmental quality compared with non-poverty-stricken counties and greater lags in the provision of public services. Linear estimation showed that investment in poverty-stricken counties should be increased by 226.2 and 72.0% in relation to education and health care, respectively, to eliminate these inequalities.

Abstract Inclusive finance has the potential to impact CO2 emissions resulting from energy activities by influencing regional economic behavior. To explore this relationship, this research makes use of panel data covering 30 Chinese provinces between 2004 and 2017. Through the utilization of empirical methods, including the dynamic panel model, the DIFF-GMM model, the mediating effect model, and the moderating effect model, the study examines the direction and mechanisms of the influence of financial inclusion on various aspects of CO2 emissions in China. The findings demonstrate that the development of inclusive finance has a significant effect on CO2 emissions, characterized by an energy rebound effect. This effect is primarily observed through notable increases in total CO2 emissions and per capita CO2 emissions, coupled with a reduction in CO2 emission efficiency. Additionally, inclusive finance exhibits a certain capacity to mitigate CO2 emissions by addressing energy poverty. However, this mitigating effect falls short of fully offsetting the CO2 emissions resulting from the overall economic impact of inclusive finance. Moreover, the study reveals that market regulation weakens the positive relationship between financial inclusion and CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the impact of financial inclusion on CO2 emissions exhibits a spatial spillover effect, wherein it serves to inhibit CO2 emissions in neighboring regions.

Abstract With growing concerns over resource depletion and environmental degradation, the role of high-speed railways in fostering a transition towards sustainable energy sources has gained prominence. Against this background, we treat the opening of high-speed railways as a quasi-natural study, analyze data from Chinese industrial enterprises and 285 prefecture-level cities to investigate the impact of high-speed railways on environmental sustainability, specifically focusing on fossil fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that the introduction of high-speed railways has been instrumental in promoting eco-friendly development, as evidenced by a notable reduction in traditional resource consumption and carbon emissions along the railway routes. This inhibitory effect has strengthened over time and with increasing distance from the railway. Additionally, we identify significant spatial spillover and spatial conduction effects resulting from high-speed railway operations. Heterogeneity tests reveal that third-tier cities, non-megacities, and mature resource-based cities are particularly receptive to these sustainable impacts. Besides, Mechanism analysis suggests that accelerated elements flow, enhanced technological innovation, improved labor productivity, and upgrading of industrial structure serve as potential pathways leading to eco-sustainability. These findings highlight the environmentally friendly attributes of high-speed railways and underscore the pressing need for effective policy measures to facilitate a global transition towards renewable energy, both in China and worldwide.

Abstract Rural areas are at the forefront of achieving sustainable development goals, and elite actors tend to be the most influential local decision-makers in rural development. Nevertheless, improving the effectiveness of governance by elites and avoiding or redressing “elite capture” remain key challenges for sustainable rural development globally. This research integrates a large-scale quantitative dataset consisting of 604 villages in seven counties of Jiangsu province in China with qualitative data from eight villages in three out of the seven counties to examine whether and how collective action mediates the correlation between rural elites and rural development. Our quantitative analysis using multiple regression and path analysis indicates that collective action is a mediator, but it is more influential in linking governing elites than in linking economic elites with rural development. Our case studies with interviews further illuminate that collective action fuels rural development by improving resource reallocation and resource-use efficiency with the participation of both elites and non-elites. Innovative collective action designs that leverage a reputation effect to foster reciprocity norms promote the participation of elites while discouraging elite capture. Additionally, this research contributes to longstanding debates in commons governance about the role of authority interventions: we find evidence justifying the benefits of authority in catalyzing and sustaining collective action while also corroborating the critical role of democratization in improving rural governance by elites.

Abstract Evidence increasingly shows that anti-corruption investigations generate negative perceptions in the short run and lead to perceptions of reduced corruption in the long run. However, there is a lack of research on the effects of anti-corruption investigations on corruption perceptions within sustained anti-corruption campaigns. In certain nations, anti-corruption campaigns can be relentless. In such sustained campaigns, can fluctuations in the annual number of investigations affect corruption perceptions? This study aims to address the gap by conducting a survey experiment in China. The findings indicate that corruption perceptions are formed in an online evaluation fashion rather than a memory-based one. Individuals spontaneously form and revise their perceptions by integrating new information into their existing evaluations. Corruption perceptions are positively correlated with both the past trend in the annual number of investigations and recent investigations. Unexpected recent investigations can reverse people’s corruption perceptions that are based on past trends. These findings are applicable to other nations in which anti-corruption campaigns are sustained and anti-corruption information is publicly accessible.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools on students’ satisfaction and intention to use these tools, as well as to examine the relationship between the intention to use intelligent learning tools and students’ independent learning abilities. The study utilized Smart-PLS 3, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), to analyze data collected from 384 Grade 6 students in China. The results of the study showed that (a) intention to use intelligent learning tools had a significant and direct impact on students’ independent learning abilities; (b) interaction quality did not have a significant impact on intention to use, but information quality and satisfaction with the tools did have an impact on intention to use; (c) interaction quality and information quality indirectly influenced intention to use through students’ satisfaction with the tools. Furthermore, this research provided valuable recommendations for improving the interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools, which can ultimately enhance students’ independent learning abilities.

Abstract A cross-sectional survey was conducted among high-risk, racially/ethnically diverse adults at the point in time when New York City (NYC) became the COVID-19 pandemic’s global epicenter. The study objective was to assess the threat and coping appraisals (cognitive factors known to correspond with people’s willingness to adopt behaviorally focused interventions) and levels of distress, anxiety, and intolerance for uncertainty (emotional factors). Survey respondents were recruited in April 2020 using an online survey with unpaid recruitment on the GetHealthyHeights.org community-oriented website. We also recruited participants that engaged in previous research studies to gain survey responses from community members at higher risk for COVID-19 complications due to comorbidities compared to the general population. Analysis was performed to test for differences in survey responses by comorbidities, age, race, ethnicity, and employment status. Results show that the devastating effects of the pandemic appear to have uniquely impacted minority respondents, who reported significantly higher levels of anxiety and were significantly more likely to report having little control over whether they will get COVID-19 compared with White/non-Hispanic respondents. Minority respondents also had significantly higher mean scores on the behaviorally focused dimension of the intolerance of uncertainty (IU) scale, which measures avoidance and paralysis in the face of uncertainty. In multivariate analysis, IU predicted anxiety levels, and this association was not mediated by cognitive factors (threat and coping appraisals). By conducting this survey early in the pandemic, our study uniquely evaluated cognitive and emotional factors among a racially/ethnically diverse group of NYC residents during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings suggest the need to acknowledge the disparities that appear to exist in pandemic response and for culturally tailored messaging and interventions. Few studies have reported differences by race and ethnicity during pandemic exposure. Therefore, further research on factors that may influence pandemic response among minority populations is needed.

Abstract Nurses play a pivotal role in the delivery of medical services. Professional commitment is crucial for nursing professionals’ long-term, healthy, and sustainable development. However, nursing students’ professional commitment levels are currently unsatisfactory in China, especially given that the COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to the profession. Therefore, studies investigating the professional commitment levels of nursing students and the underlying influencing factors are urgently required. This study explored how nursing students’ risk perceptions, negative emotions, and psychological capital affected their professional commitment during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing students using risk perception, professional commitment, negative emotions, and psychological capital scales. An analysis of 1142 Chinese nursing students suggested that nursing students’ risk perception positively impacted professional commitment and that negative emotions mediated this association. Importantly, psychological capital moderates the mediating effect of negative emotions and can buffer the negative emotions caused by risk perception. This study demonstrated that effective intervention strategies should be implemented in multiple dimensions such as education, individual, public and society to improve the professional commitment of nursing students.

Abstract Some boiler room users steal natural gas by refitting equipment without permission in winter, resulting in gas safety hazards and social problems. Instead of random manual on-site inspection, it is crucial to discover gas-theft suspects timely and automatically by analyzing the gas consumption data. Unfortunately, gas-theft behaviors are complex and various, while the caught gas thefts by gas companies are limited. In this paper, we propose a neural clustering and ranking approach to detect gas theft suspects under the positive-unlabeled learning framework. Our approach contains two modules: joint clustering for normal user identification and triplet ranking for suspicious user detection. The former module considers the regular behaviors to distinguish between normal and unstable users by integrating representation learning and clustering. Then, considering the identified normal samples and the labeled gas thefts, the later module excavates the behavior correlations to discover suspects among unstable users through triplet relation ranking. Thus, normal user identification and suspicious user detection are seamlessly connected to overcome the label scarcity problem. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world datasets, and the results demonstrate the advantages of our approach over various baselines.

Abstract The cultural clash between customers and salespeople in online marketing is observed as a barrier to promoting sales performance.The capability of handling cultural difference, or cultural intelligence (CQ), is therefore essential for salespeople. With data collected through questionnaires from a Chinese digital insurance brokerage firm, the impact of salespeople’s CQ on sales performance is examined with the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) method. It is identified that CQ serves as a positive moderating variable in the relationship between customer orientation and sales performance, as well as a partial mediating variable in the relationship between perceived organizational support and sales performance of the online insurance salespeople.

Abstract Tourism research urgently requires the introduction of new theories to address current issues and challenges. Relative deprivation theory may be the key to effectively explaining the attitudes and behaviours of tourism multistakeholders and resolving tourism conflicts. This study uses CiteSpace to conduct a citation space analysis of relative deprivation theory and draws knowledge mappings to reveal its research foundation, research hotspots, and frontiers to discuss the practical possibility of its application to tourism research. The results show that the research content of relative deprivation theory involves 12 knowledge clusters, including subjective well-being, collective action, socioeconomic inequality, in-group attitudes, and relative deprivation theory, and that its theoretical framework is well suited to the context of tourism research. Tourism-related relative deprivation faces practical challenges and has the potential for theoretical innovation. This study focuses on the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours of stakeholders and anticipates future research on tourism relative deprivation from the three aspects of multi-interest research subjects, multidimensional research contents, and multiperspective theoretical expansion, which indicate future research directions while revealing the possible innovation of relative deprivation theory.

Rabies is a neglected disease primarily related to dog-mediated transmission to humans. Accurate dog demographic and dynamic data are essential for effectively planning and evaluating population management strategies when designing interventions to prevent rabies. However, in Thailand, longitudinal survey data regarding dog population size are scarce. A school-based participatory research (SBPR) approach was conducted to survey owned dogs for one year in four high-risk provinces (Chiang Rai, Surin, Chonburi, and Songkhla) of Thailand, aiming to understand dog population dynamics and raise awareness about rabies. 'Pupify' mobile application was developed to collect data on dog population and observe the long-term population dynamics in this study. At the end of the data collection period, telephone interviews were conducted to gain insight into contextual perceptions and awareness regarding both animal and human rabies, as well as the social responsibility of dog owners in disease prevention and control. Among 303 high school students who registered in our study, 218 students reported at least one update of their dog information throughout the one-year period. Of 322 owned dogs from our survey, the updates of dog status over one year showed approximately 7.5 newborns per 100-dog-year, while deaths and missing dogs were 6.2 and 2.7 per 100-dog-year, respectively. The male to female ratio was approximately 1.8:1. Twenty-three students (10%) voluntarily participated and were interviewed in the qualitative study. The levels of rabies awareness and precautions among high-school students were relatively low. The high dropout rate of the survey was due to discontinuity in communication between the researcher and the students over the year. In conclusion, this study focused on using the SBPR approach via mobile application to collect data informing dog population dynamics and raising awareness regarding rabies in Thailand Other engaging platforms (e.g. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and other popular applications) is necessary to enhance communication and engagement, thereby sustaining and maintaining data collection. Further health education on rabies vaccination and animal-care practices via social media platforms would be highly beneficial. For sustainable disease control, engaging communities to raise awareness of rabies and increase dog owners' understanding of their responsibilities should be encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the effects of low tube voltage on coronary plaques and pericoronary fat assessment, and to compare their extent among various levels of low voltage. Materials and methods: Patients were recommended for high-pitch low-tube voltage coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and they were included if they had poor image quality and were referred to a conventional CCTA. The patients were classified into a low-voltage group (with 70-kV, 80-kV, and 90-kV subgroups) and a conventional group (100/120 kV). Their total plaque and subcomponent volumes and pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) were measured. Results: A total of 1002 image slices (from 65 patients and 74 plaques) were included, including 21, 31, 13, 4, and 61 patients in the 70-kV, 80-kV, 90-kV, 100-kV, and 120-kV groups respectively. The CT values of noncalcified plaques in the conventional and low-voltage groups were 54.6 ± 21.3 HU and 31.5 ± 22.6 HU, respectively (p < 0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the necrotic core and calcification volume were increased, and the fibrolipid volume, periplaque, and right coronary artery FAI were decreased in the low-voltage group and its subgroups (p < 0.001). The magnitude of changes in fibrous and calcification volumes increased in the 70-kV subgroup compared with that in the 90-kV subgroup (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Low tube voltages, particularly of 70 kV, have a significant effect on coronary plaque and FAI. The effect of low voltage on plaque composition is characterized by a polarization pattern, i.e., a decrease in fibrolipid (medium density) and an increase in necrotic core (low density) and calcification (high density). Clinical relevance statement: Our results highlight the comparability and repeatability of plaque and pericoronary fat assessments facilitated by the same or a similar tube voltage. It is necessary to carry out studies on the specificity threshold of low tube voltage at each level. Key Points: • Low tube voltage had a significant effect on coronary plaque and pericoronary fat, particularly 70 kV. • The effect of low tube voltage on plaque composition shows the shift from medium-density mixed components to low- and high-density components. • It is necessary to correct the specificity threshold or attenuation difference for low tube voltage at each level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Main conclusion: This study revealed the transcriptome-wide m6A methylation profile under drought stress and found thatTaETC9 might regulate drought tolerance through mediating RNA methylation in wheat. Drought is one of the most destructive environmental constraints limiting crop growth and development. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent and important post-transcriptional modification in various eukaryotic RNA molecules, playing the crucial role in regulating drought response in plants. However, the significance of m6A in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), particularly its involvment in drought response, remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated the transcriptome-wide m6A profile under drought stress using parallel m6A immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq). Totally, 4221 m6A peaks in 3733 m6A-modified genes were obtained, of which 373 methylated peaks exhibited differential expression between the control (CK) and drought-stressed treatments. These m6A loci were significantly enriched in proximity to stop codons and within the 3′-untranslated region. Integration of MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq revealed a positive correlation between m6A methylation and mRNA abundance and the genes displaying both differential methylation and expression were obtained. Finally, qRT-PCR analyses were further performed and the results found that the m6A-binding protein (TaETC9) showed significant up-regulation, while the m6A demethylase (TaALKBH10B) was significantly down-regulated under drought stress, contributing to increased m6A levels. Furthermore, the loss-of-function mutant of TaECT9 displayed significantly higher drought sensitivity compared to the wild type, highlighting its role in regulating drought tolerance. This study reported the first wheat m6A profile associated with drought stress, laying the groundwork for unraveling the potential role of RNA methylation in drought responses and enhancing stress tolerance in wheat through epigenetic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells (CD103+CD8+ TRMs) are important components of anti-tumor immunity. However, the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their advantages remain unclear. Methods: Clinical data and specimens were used to evaluate the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in CRC. A mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis model and colony-formation assay were conducted to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. Finally, the infiltration density and function of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in the tumors were evaluated using flow cytometry. Results: In this study, we showed that highly infiltrated CD103+CD8+ TRMs were associated with earlier clinical stage and negative VEGF expression in CRC patients and predicted a favorable prognosis for CRC/CRC liver metastases patients. Interestingly, we also found that CD103+CD8+ TRMs may have predictive potential for whether CRC develops liver metastasis in CRC. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the ratio of the number of α-SMA+ vessels to the sum of the number of α-SMA+ and CD31+ vessels in CRC, and the infiltration level of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. In addition, anti-angiogenic therapy promoted infiltration of CD103+CD8+ TRMs and enhanced their ability to secrete interferon (IFN)-γ, thus further improving the anti-tumor effect. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that compared with peripheral blood CD8+ T cells, CD103+CD8+ TRMs infused back into the body could also further promote CD8+ T cells to infiltrate the tumor, and they had a stronger ability to secrete IFN-γ, which resulted in better anti-tumor effects. Conclusion: We demonstrated that CD103+CD8+ TRMs have the potential for clinical applications and provide new ideas for combined anti-tumor therapeutic strategies, such as anti-tumor angiogenesis therapy and CAR-T combined immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic activities have substantially enhanced the loadings of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the Earth system since pre-industrial times1,2, contributing to widespread eutrophication and air pollution3–6. Increased Nr can also influence global climate through a variety of effects on atmospheric and land processes but the cumulative net climate effect is yet to be unravelled. Here we show that anthropogenic Nr causes a net negative direct radiative forcing of −0.34 [−0.20, −0.50] W m−2 in the year 2019 relative to the year 1850. This net cooling effect is the result of increased aerosol loading, reduced methane lifetime and increased terrestrial carbon sequestration associated with increases in anthropogenic Nr, which are not offset by the warming effects of enhanced atmospheric nitrous oxide and ozone. Future predictions using three representative scenarios show that this cooling effect may be weakened primarily as a result of reduced aerosol loading and increased lifetime of methane, whereas in particular N2O-induced warming will probably continue to increase under all scenarios. Our results indicate that future reductions in anthropogenic Nr to achieve environmental protection goals need to be accompanied by enhanced efforts to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to achieve climate change mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement.A comprehensive model framework is used to estimate the global net direct radiative forcing of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen as being about −0.34 W m−2, which has a cooling effect on the climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogas slurry is increasingly adopted as a substitute for chemical fertilizer to improve soil fertility and control soil degradation. But little is known about its long-term effects on different soil layers. This study aims to test if biogas slurry substitution alters soil nutrients and aggregates differently in different layers and how the effects are influenced by straw return. A five-year field trial of a winter wheat–summer maize rotation was established to evaluate the effects of biogas slurry substitution [treatments: control without fertilizer (CK); chemical fertilizer (CF); 50% biogas slurry substitution (BSCF); 100% biogas slurry substitution (BS)] on two soil layers (0–20 and 20–40 cm) under equal N, P, and K fertilization in a Fluvisol. The result showed that compared with CK, fertilization was necessary to maintain soil available nitrogen (AN) and available potassium (AK) in the 0–20 cm layer. Also, fertilization had positive effects on soil EC, TN, and AP, especially in the topsoil. In terms of increasing the degree of water-stable macroaggregation, improving aggregate stability and reducing their crushing rates, CF was superior to biogas slurry substitution because of the greater accumulations of soil N, the most important physicochemical factor regulating soil macroaggregation and stability. The effects of biogas slurry substitution changed with soil layers. In surface soil, BD, water-stable macroaggregates, and aggregate stability significantly increased due to the positive regulatory effects of straw, AP, and EC; whereas in subsoil, they decreased. Inorganic fertilization with straw return functions well in soil structural degradation control and N fertility improvement, especially in the topsoil. Whereas in fields without straw return, biogas slurry substitution may be a feasible and economical choice to improve topsoil structure and also an excellent supplement to provide P and K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is the most virulent alphavirus that infects humans, and many survivors develop neurological sequelae, including paralysis and intellectual disability. Alphavirus spike proteins comprise trimers of heterodimers of glycoproteins E2 and E1 that mediate binding to cellular receptors and fusion of virus and host cell membranes during entry. We recently identified very-low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) as cellular receptors for EEEV and a distantly related alphavirus, Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Here, we use single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine structures of the EEEV and SFV spike glycoproteins bound to the VLDLR ligand-binding domain and found that EEEV and SFV interact with the same cellular receptor through divergent binding modes. Our studies suggest that the ability of LDLR-related proteins to interact with viral spike proteins through very small footprints with flexible binding modes results in a low evolutionary barrier to the acquisition of LDLR-related proteins as cellular receptors for diverse sets of viruses. Alphaviruses include several important human pathogens with outbreak potential. Here, the authors found that eastern equine encephalitis virus and Semliki Forest virus use distinct surfaces on their spike proteins to bind their shared receptor, VLDLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop inflorescences are directly related to yield. The wild tomato species Solanum pimpinellifolium displays rich genetic diversity. However, limited information is available regarding the inflorescence of this wild population. Here, 300 Solanum pimpinellifolium accessions were investigated to uncover the genetics of inflorescence length (IFL) over two seasons. The results revealed significant genetic variation in IFL among S. pimpinellifolium accessions, with a continuous distribution ranging from 3.68 to 38.13 cm. Few accessions exhibited long inflorescences. The IFL was greatly influenced by environmental factors and the 3rd, 4th and 5th IFL performed relatively stable. The broad-sense heritability ranged from 53.40 to 80.51%. One accession LA1256 showed the longest IFL and most stable across two seasons. Six-generation populations were constructed by crossing LA1256 with the cultivar Moneymaker, possessing very short IFL to understand the genetic mechanism. F1 progeny clearly indicated that long inflorescence was a recessive trait. The further genetic analysis indicated that IFL fitted the E-0 genetic model and the heritability estimates ranged from 50.40 to 65.38% in B1, B2 and F2 populations. The IFL was mainly controlled by major genes and modified by the polygene. These findings obtained in this study would pave the way for a detailed understanding of the inflorescence of wild species S. pimpinellifolium and provide the strategy for the manipulation of tomato improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The available evidence regarding the role of fruit and vegetable consumption in the development of colorectal polyps remains inconclusive, and there is a lack of data on different histopathologic features of polyps. We aimed to evaluate the associations of fruit and vegetable consumption with the prevalence of colorectal polyps and its subtypes in a high-risk population in China. Methods: We included 6783 Chinese participants aged 40–80 years who were at high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Lanxi Pre-colorectal Cancer Cohort (LP3C). Dietary information was obtained through a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and colonoscopy screening was used to detect colorectal polyps. Dose–response associations of fruit and vegetable intake with the prevalence of polyps were calculated using multivariate-adjusted regression models, which was reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: 2064 cases of colorectal polyps were ascertained in the LP3C during 2018–2019. Upon multivariable adjustments, including the diet quality, fruit consumption was inversely associated with the prevalence of polyps (P trend = 0.02). Participants in the highest tertile of fruit intake had a 25% lower risk (OR: 0.75; 95% CI 0.62‒0.92) compared to non-consumers, while vegetable consumption had no significant association with polyp prevalence (P trend = 0.86). In terms of colorectal histopathology and multiplicity, higher fruit intake was correlated with 24, 23, and 33% lower prevalence of small polyps (OR: 0.76; 95% CI 0.62‒0.94; P trend = 0.05), single polyp (OR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.62‒0.96; P trend = 0.04), and distal colon polyps (OR: 0.67; 95% CI 0.51‒0.87; P trend = 0.003), respectively. Conclusions: Fresh fruit is suggested as a protective factor to prevent colorectal polyps in individuals at high risk of CRC, and should be underscored in dietary recommendations, particularly for high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a hepatocyte inflammation based on hepatocellular steatosis, yet there is no effective drug treatment. Atherosclerosis (AS) is caused by lipid deposition in the endothelium, which can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. NASH and AS share common risk factors, and NASH can also elevate the risk of AS, causing a higher morbidity and mortality rate for atherosclerotic heart disease. Therefore, timely detection and diagnosis of NASH and AS are particularly important. In this study, differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis were performed on the AS (GSE100927) and NASH (GSE89632) datasets to obtain common crosstalk genes, respectively. Then, candidate Hub genes were screened using four topological algorithms and externally validated in the GSE43292 and GSE63067 datasets to obtain Hub genes. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis and gene set variation analysis were performed on the Hub genes to explore the underlying mechanisms. The DGIbd database was used to screen candidate drugs for AS and NASH. Finally, a NASH model was constructed using free fatty acid-induced human L02 cells, an AS model was constructed using lipopolysaccharide-induced HUVECs, and a co-morbidity model was constructed using L02 cells and HUVECs to verify Hub gene expression. The result showed that a total of 113 genes common to both AS and NASH were identified as crosstalk genes, and enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were mainly involved in the regulation of immune and metabolism-related pathways. 28 candidate Hub genes were screened according to four topological algorithms, and CXCL9, IL2RB, and SPP1 were identified as Hub genes after in vitro experiments and external dataset validation. The ROC curves and SVM modeling demonstrated the good diagnostic efficacy of these three Hub genes. In addition, the Hub genes are strongly associated with immune cell infiltration, especially macrophages and γ–δ T cell infiltration. Finally, five potential therapeutic drugs were identified. has-miR-185 and hsa-miR-335 were closely related to AS and NASH. This study demonstrates that CXCL9, IL2RB, and SPP1 may serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of the co-morbidity patterns of AS and NASH and as potential targets for drug therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate semi-quantitatively the diagnostic performance of PET/CT metabolic parameters in differentiating benign or malignant cardiac or pericardial masses. A total of forty-one patients with newly diagnosed cardiac/pericardial masses who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT were recruited. PET/CT metabolic parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), tumor metabolic volume (MTV), the maximum tumor-to-mediastinal background ratio (TMR) and the maximum tumor-to-liver background ratio (TLR) is measured or calculated to evaluate the benign or malignant nature of cardiac/pericardial masses. Compared with benign cardiac/pericardial lesions, cardiac/pericardial malignancies had higher SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG, MTV, TMR, and TLR. All these PET/CT metabolic parameters showed high diagnostic performance in semi-quantitative evaluation of benign or malignant cardiac or pericardial masses, and SUVmean and MTV had the highest diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, PET/CT metabolic parameters can semi-quantitatively evaluate the benign or malignant cardiac/pericardial masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The apparent optimum air temperature for vegetation photosynthesis (Topt) is a key temperature parameter in terrestrial ecosystem models estimating daily photosynthesis or gross primary production (GPP, g C/m2/day). To date, most models use biome-specific Topt (Topt-biome) parameter values. Given vegetation acclimation and adaptation to local climate, site-specific Topt (Topt-site) is needed to reduce uncertainties in estimating daily GPP across the scales from site to region and the globe. Previous studies have demonstrated using the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images and daytime air temperature data to estimate the Topt-site at the eddy covariance tower sites. This study used MODIS-derived EVI and ERA5 climate data to estimate and generate global Topt-site data products from 2000 to 2019. The Topt-site of individual pixels within a biome has large variation, which clearly cannot be represented accurately by the widely used Topt-biome. Therefore, using this global dataset of Topt-site estimates might significantly affect GPP simulation in current ecosystem models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antitumor and antimetastatic activity of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists spiperone was studied in C57BL/6 mice in a model of combined pathology (emphysema and lung cancer). Emphysema was induced by administration of LPS and cigarette smoke extract. Lung cancer was induced by injection of Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the lung. It has been shown that under conditions of combined lung pathology, spiperone prevents inflammatory infiltration and emphysematous expansion of the lungs and reduces the size of the primary tumor node, the number of metastases, and the area of the lungs affected by metastases. Spiperone reduces the number of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the lungs and blood of mice with combined pathology. CSCs isolated from the lungs and blood of mice with combined pathology treated with spiperone had a significantly lower potential to form a tumorosphere in vitro than CSCs from untreated mice with emphysema and lung carcinoma. Thus, blockade of dopamine D2 receptors is a promising approach for correcting combined lung pathology and can be used in the development of a method for treating lung cancer in patients with emphysema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) holds distinctive advantages in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Nonetheless, a considerable gap remains in our understanding of its pharmacologically active constituents. In this study, we harnessed the potential of deep learning models to swiftly and precisely predict drug-target interactions. We conducted a systematic screening of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors from an extensive array of TCM ingredients, followed by rigorous validation through in vitro experiments. We constructed both a drug-target interactions (DTI) model and a blood-brain barrier permeability (BBBP) model, with both models achieving an AUPRC score exceeding 0.9. Subsequently, we conducted a screening process that identified six compounds for in vitro ChE inhibitory assay. Notably, all six compounds exhibited a robust inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), while four of the six compounds demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Our findings underscore the promise of leveraging deep learning to discover inhibitors from TCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper investigates the role of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in stock prices during the market financial crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the Chinese listed company data as the bases for adopting an event-study method to identify the impact of ESG performance on cumulative abnormal returns. Empirical results suggest that ESG performance significantly increases firms’ cumulative abnormal returns and has asymmetric effects during the pandemic. Our results are robust to various robustness checks that consider the replacement of event window period, ESG measurement, adding other control variables, and sample exclusion of Hubei Province. We further find that reputation and insurance effects are important mechanisms through which ESG performance influences stock prices. Lastly, heterogeneous analyses show that ESG effects are considerably pronounced among firms with low human capital and bad image and in high-impact regions.

Abstract Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a risk factor for lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on lung cancer progression. We found that short‐term exposure to PM2.5 for 24 h activated the EGFR pathway in lung cancer cells (EGFR wild‐type and mutant), while long‐term exposure of lung cancer cells to PM2.5 for 90 days persistently promoted EGFR activation, cell proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in EGFR‐driven H1975 cancer cells. We showed that PM2.5 activated AhR to translocate into the nucleus and promoted EGFR activation. AhR further interacted with the promoter of TMPRSS2, thereby upregulating TMPRSS2 and IL18 expression to promote cancer progression. Depletion of TMPRSS2 in lung cancer cells suppressed anchorage‐independent growth and xenograft tumor growth in mice. The expression levels of TMPRSS2 were found to correlate with nuclear AhR expression and with cancer stage in lung cancer patient tissue. Long‐term exposure to PM2.5 could promote tumor progression in lung cancer through activation of EGFR and AhR to enhance the TMPRSS2‐IL18 pathway.

Abstract Oocyte maturation arrest is one of the important causes of female infertility, but the genetic factors remain largely unknown. PABPC1L, a predominant poly(A)‐binding protein in Xenopus, mouse, and human oocytes and early embryos prior to zygotic genome activation, plays a key role in translational activation of maternal mRNAs. Here, we identified compound heterozygous and homozygous variants in PABPC1L that are responsible for female infertility mainly characterized by oocyte maturation arrest in five individuals. In vitro studies demonstrated that these variants resulted in truncated proteins, reduced protein abundance, altered cytoplasmic localization, and reduced mRNA translational activation by affecting the binding of PABPC1L to mRNA. In vivo, three strains of Pabpc1l knock‐in (KI) female mice were infertile. RNA‐sequencing analysis showed abnormal activation of the Mos‐MAPK pathway in the zygotes of KI mice. Finally, we activated this pathway in mouse zygotes by injecting human MOS mRNA, and this mimicked the phenotype of KI mice. Our findings reveal the important roles of PABPC1L in human oocyte maturation and add a genetic potential candidate gene to be screened for causes of infertility.

Abstract Psychoanalysis and infant research have strengthened cooperation in the current interdisciplinary dialog. The theoretical significance of infant research for psychoanalysis includes the consideration of individual “sociality” from birth, as opposed to the traditional psychoanalytic hypothesis of the “autistic” infant; such research creates openness in existing psychoanalytic mental models. It can also provide reliable evidence for the early development of various abilities and childhood amnesia, support psychoanalysis beyond linear causality, and create a framework for the theoretical integration of psychoanalysis. Infant research for psychoanalysis may present evidence of the healing effect of analyst–client relationships, encourage analysts to prioritize nonverbal information during treatment, and create opportunities for new psychoanalytic therapy technologies.

Purpose: T-condylar (T-C) fractures of the distal humerus are rare in children. There is no accepted treatment for such an injury, and there is a lack of reports evaluating the outcome of T-C fractures treated by closed reduction and percutaneous fixation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire and screw (CRPKS) fixation in patients with type II and III T-C fractures according to the Toniolo-Wilkins classification modified by Canavese et al. (TWC classification). Methods: The clinical data of 12 consecutive patients (8 males, 4 females) who were younger than 14 years of age and who had a T-C fracture that was managed by CRPKS were retrospectively evaluated. Fractures were classified according to the TWC classification. The baseline information of the patients, carrying angle (CA) and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) were used to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes; related complications were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The mean age at the time of injury was 11.6 ± 1.8 years (range, 8–14). The time from injury to surgical treatment was 1.5 ± 1.0 days (range, 0–3), and the mean follow-up duration was 33.7 ± 12.3 months (range, 18–61). Surgery lasted 45.7 ± 7.6 min on average (range, 35–58). All fractures healed in 4.9 ± 1.0 weeks on average (range, 4–7). At the last follow-up visit, the CA was 12.6° ± 5.8° on the injured side and 13.8° ± 1.8° on the uninjured side (p=0.432). The MEPS was 100 (95, 100) on the injured side and 100 (100, 100) on the uninjured side (p=0.194). Three complications were recorded. Conclusion: Good functional and radiological outcomes can be expected in pediatric patients with type II and III T-C fractures treated by CRPKS. The technique is relatively simple to perform and has a lower rate of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a security control scheme for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) against desired trajectory attacks. The key components of the proposed scheme are the attack detector, attack estimator, and integral sliding mode security controller (ISMSC). We focus on malicious tampering of the desired trajectory sent by the ground control station (GCS) to the UAV by attackers. Firstly, we model attacks by analyzing the characteristics of desired trajectory attacks. Secondly, an integrated attack detection scheme based on an unknown input observer (UIO) and an interval observer is presented. Subsequently, a robust adaptive observer (RAO) is employed to compensate for the impact of attacks on the control system. Thirdly, an ISMSC with an attack compensation mechanism is established. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The proposed detection scheme can not only detect desired trajectory attacks but also distinguish them from abrupt unknown disturbances (AUDs). By utilizing ISMSC method, UAVs under desired trajectory attacks can fly safely. The proposed comprehensive framework of detection, estimation and compensation provides a theoretical basis for ensuring cyber security in UAVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]