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Mammary tumours are the second most diagnosed tumours after skin tumours in bitches; however, the aetiology is still unknown and this calls for continuous investigations. The present study aimed to surgically excise and evaluate a solitary mass on the right first axillary mammary gland of a 9-year-old Caucasian bitch presented for clinical attention. The surgical intervention was according to standard procedure under general anaesthetic protocols. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the tumour followed standard procedures after fixing in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The immunohistochemical evaluation of the samples followed the Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex Method as described by [8]. The lobulated mass (1.6 kg) had greenish-brown fluid-filled cysts on cut surface and presented multiple multi-layered epithelial intratubular papillary growths supported by fibrovascular connective tissue stroma with ductal ectasis containing homogenous eosinophilic materials and inter-tubular fibrosis. The mass also stained positively to vimentin and α-Smooth muscle actin but negatively to oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and E-cadherin antibodies. The definitive diagnosis is a ductal carcinoma in situ with mixed carcinoma features showing the tendency to metastasize. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of the present case shall prevent future occurrence and the continuous investigations may serve as models for the understanding and management of human breast tumours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Schistosomiasis is a worldwide snail-borne parasitic infestation of man and animals with acute or chronic phases having devastating sequelae. The present case report focused on post-mortem examination of a cachexic Dongola stallion (Equus ferus caballus Linnaeus, 1758) in Abuja, Nigeria, that failed to respond to treatment. Typical dense collagenous granulomatous lesions with marked inflammatory responses and fibrosis occurred in the liver and several visceral organs of the horse along with other lesions indicative of systemic collapse. Special Ziehl–Neelsen and Periodic Acid-Schiff staining as well as microbial culture returned negative results to rule out acid-fast bacilli, fungal, and other bacterial involvement. In addition, the presence of a yellowish-brown eggshell within fibrosing granulomatous lesions led to the diagnosis of chronic schistosomiasis. Prolonged malnutrition under harsh and changing increment weather conditions with lack of medical care following the infection might have predisposed the horse to the recorded systemic collapse in the present case. The dearth of information on the ante-mortem evaluation of acute equine schistosomiasis cases notwithstanding, the observed lesions/cellular changes reinforced associated multi-organ damages and systemic collapse in chronic cases. Our findings highlighted the pathological presentations and prognosis of chronic schistosomiasis and its triggers, especially in endemic areas, and in horses that often do not present obvious clinical manifestations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...