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1. Isotopic insights into the early Medieval (600–1100 CE) diet in the Luistari cemetery at Eura, Finland.

Author

Etu-Sihvola, H., Salo, K., Naito, Y. I., Kytökari, M., Ohkouchi, N., Oinonen, M., Heyd, V., and Arppe, L.

Abstract

In this article, we present the results of an isotopic study of diet for the early medieval (Merovingian, Viking, Early Christian) humans buried in the unique Luistari cemetery at Eura (ca. 600–1400 CE), southwestern Finland, the largest cemetery of the region. Isotope analysis was conducted on 37 humans for dentine and bone collagen (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S), and five of them were also studied using compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis. Dental enamel and/or bone carbonate δ13C values were studied from altogether 65 humans, five cattle, and five sheep/goats. The bone and dentine collagen and carbonate data show that throughout the centuries, freshwater fish was a stable part of the diet for the population. Our results do not show systematic dietary differences between estimated males and females, but differences can be large on the individual level. We also discovered a possible temporal change in the enamel carbonate ẟ13C values that could be related to the increasing role of carbohydrates (e.g., crops) in the diet. Luistari burials are well comparable to contemporary Swedish Viking trading communities like Birka in their higher protein intake. But contrary to the wider Viking network, they do not show the same marine signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. Solar superstorm of AD 774 recorded subannually by Arctic tree rings

Author

Uusitalo, J. (J.), Arppe, L. (L.), Hackman, T. (T.), Helama, S. (S.), Kovaltsov, G. (G.), Mielikäinen, K. (K.), Mäkinen, H. (H.), Nöjd, P. (P.), Palonen, V. (V.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Oinonen, M. (M.), Uusitalo, J. (J.), Arppe, L. (L.), Hackman, T. (T.), Helama, S. (S.), Kovaltsov, G. (G.), Mielikäinen, K. (K.), Mäkinen, H. (H.), Nöjd, P. (P.), Palonen, V. (V.), Usoskin, I. (I.), and Oinonen, M. (M.)

Abstract

Recently, a rapid increase in radiocarbon (¹⁴C) was observed in Japanese tree rings at AD 774/775. Various explanations for the anomaly have been offered, such as a supernova, a γ-ray burst, a cometary impact, or an exceptionally large Solar Particle Event (SPE). However, evidence of the origin and exact timing of the event remains incomplete. In particular, a key issue of latitudinal dependence of the ¹⁴C intensity has not been addressed yet. Here, we show that the event was most likely caused by the Sun and occurred during the spring of AD 774. Particularly, the event intensities from various locations show a strong correlation with the latitude, demonstrating a particle-induced ¹⁴C poleward increase, in accord with the solar origin of the event. Furthermore, both annual ¹⁴C data and carbon cycle modelling, and separate earlywood and latewood ¹⁴C measurements, confine the photosynthetic carbon fixation to around the midsummer.

Published
2018

3. Tree height strongly affects estimates of water-use efficiency responses to climate and CO2 using isotopes

Author

Brienen, R.J.W., Gloor, E., Clerici, S., Newton, R., Arppe, L., Boom, A., Bottrell, S., Callaghan, M., Heaton, T., Helama, S., Helle, G., Leng, M.J., Mielikäinen, K., Oinonen, M., Timonen, M., Brienen, R.J.W., Gloor, E., Clerici, S., Newton, R., Arppe, L., Boom, A., Bottrell, S., Callaghan, M., Heaton, T., Helama, S., Helle, G., Leng, M.J., Mielikäinen, K., Oinonen, M., and Timonen, M.

Abstract

Various studies report substantial increases in intrinsic water-use efficiency (W i ), estimated using carbon isotopes in tree rings, suggesting trees are gaining increasingly more carbon per unit water lost due to increases in atmospheric CO2. Usually, reconstructions do not, however, correct for the effect of intrinsic developmental changes in W i as trees grow larger. Here we show, by comparing W i across varying tree sizes at one CO2 level, that ignoring such developmental effects can severely affect inferences of trees’ W i . W i doubled or even tripled over a trees’ lifespan in three broadleaf species due to changes in tree height and light availability alone, and there are also weak trends for Pine trees. Developmental trends in broadleaf species are as large as the trends previously assigned to CO2 and climate. Credible future tree ring isotope studies require explicit accounting for species-specific developmental effects before CO2 and climate effects are inferred

Published
2017

4. Tree height strongly affects estimates of water-use efficiency responses to climate and CO2 using isotopes.

Author

Brienen, R. J. W., Gloor, E., Clerici, S., Newton, R., Arppe, L., Boom, A., Bottrell, S., Callaghan, M., Heaton, T., Helama, S., Helle, G., Leng, M. J., Mielikäinen, K., Oinonen, M., and Timonen, M.

Subjects
TREE height, ISOTOPES, CARBON isotopes, TREE-rings, CLIMATOLOGY, TREE size
Abstract

Various studies report substantial increases in intrinsic water-use efficiency (Wi), estimated using carbon isotopes in tree rings, suggesting trees are gaining increasingly more carbon per unit water lost due to increases in atmospheric CO2. Usually, reconstructions do not, however, correct for the effect of intrinsic developmental changes in Wi as trees grow larger. Here we show, by comparing Wi across varying tree sizes at one CO2 level, that ignoring such developmental effects can severely affect inferences of trees' Wi. Wi doubled or even tripled over a trees' lifespan in three broadleaf species due to changes in tree height and light availability alone, and there are also weak trends for Pine trees. Developmental trends in broadleaf species are as large as the trends previously assigned to CO2 and climate. Credible future tree ring isotope studies require explicit accounting for species-specific developmental effects before CO2 and climate effects are inferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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6. Does the age of fine root carbon indicate the age of fine roots in boreal forests?

Author

Sah, S., Jungner, H., Oinonen, M., Kukkola, M., and Helmisaari, H.-S.

Subjects
TAIGAS, SCOTS pine, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RADIOCARBON dating, CARBON monoxide, PLANT roots
Abstract

To test the reliability of the radiocarbon method for determining root age, we analyzed fine roots (originating from the years 1985-1993) from ingrowth cores with known maximum root age (1-6 years old). For this purpose, three Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) stands were selected from boreal forests in Finland. We analyzed root C age by the radiocarbon method and compared it with the above-mentioned known maximum fine root age. In general, ages determined by the two methods (root C age and ingrowth core root maximum age) were in agreement with each other for roots of small diameter (<0.5 mm). By contrast, in most of the samples of fine roots of larger diameter (1.5-2 mm), the C age of root samples of 1987-1989 exceeded the ingrowth core root maximum age by 1-10 years. This shows that these roots had received a large amount of older stored carbon from unknown sources in addition to atmospheric CO directly from photosynthesis. We conclude that the C signature of fine roots, especially those of larger diameter, may not always be indicative of root age, and that further studies are needed concerning the extent of possible root uptake of older carbon and its residence time in roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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7. Possible manifestation of nonlinear effects when solar activity affects climate changes.

Author

Ogurtsov, M., Raspopov, O., Oinonen, M., Jungner, H., and Lindholm, M.

Abstract

The response of the nonlinear oscillatory system to an insignificant external disturbance has been considered as applied to the effect of solar activity on climatic processes. Based on a simplified model, it has been indicated that the response of a nonlinear oscillator to a weak disturbing impact can be substantial. The oscillator fluctuation spectrum can decrease under the action of a disturbing factor. This means that the effect of an even weak solar or cosmophysical signal to the Earth’s climatic system can lead to significant climate variations if this system is nonlinear. However, it will be rather difficult to identify the solar—climatic nature of these variations because a linear relation between the cause and response is absent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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8. Studies of quadrupole collectivity in the γ -soft 106Ru.

Author

Sanchez-Vega, M., Mach, H., Taylor, R., Fogelberg, B., Lindroth, A., Aas, A., Dendooven, P., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Lhersonneau, G., Oinonen, M., Parmonen, J., Penttil&;#x00E4;, H., Äystö, J., Persson, J., and Kurpeta, J.

Subjects
QUADRUPOLES, RUTHENIUM, CONSTRAINTS (Physics), TIME delay systems, ELECTROMAGNETISM, NUCLEAR structure
Abstract

Various alternative models were used to describe the structure of 106Ru . For example, the General Collective Model (GCM) predicts shape-coexistence for 106Ru with a spherical and a triaxial minimum and strongly mixed structures, while in the IBA-2 calculations, where 106Ru was considered as transitional from vibrational U(5) to γ -soft O(6) , no need was found to include the shape-coexisting configurations. In order to provide additional constraints on the model interpretations, we have applied the Advanced Time-Delayed (ATD) βγγ( t) method to measure the level lifetimes of the excited levels in 106Ru . The new results include the half-lives of T 1/2 = 183(3) ps and 7.5(30)ps for the 2+ 1 and 2+ 2 states, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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9. Mirror decay of75Sr.

Author

Huikari, J., Oinonen, M., Algora, A., Cederkäll, J., Courtin, S., Dessagne, P., Fraile, L., Franchoo, S., Fynbo, H., Huang, W. X., Jokinen, A., Knipper, A., Marechal, F., Miehé, C., Nacher, E., Peräjärvi, K., Poirier, E., Weissman, L., and Äystö, J.

Subjects
PROTONS, SPECTRUM analysis, NUCLEAR fission, NUCLEAR reactions, INTERFEROMETRY, RADIATION
Abstract

The β-decay of75Sr to its mirror nucleus75Rb was studied at the ISOLDE PSB facility at CERN by means of β-delayed γ and proton spectroscopy. The decay Q-value and β-delayed γ intensity were measured for the first time. These results, 10.60±0.22 MeV and 4.5+1.9-0.7%, together with accurate measurements of the β-decay half-life and β-delayed proton branching ratio yielded the Gamow-Teller strength 0.35±0.05 for the mirror transition. Implications of the results on studies of deformation effects and on the path of the rapid proton capture process are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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10. Accurate mass measurements of very short-lived nuclei.

Author

Herfurth, F., Kellerbauer, A., Ames, F., Audi, G., Beck, D., Blaum, K., Bollen, G., Engels, O., Kluge, H.-J., Lunney, D., Moore, R.B., Oinonen, M., Sauvan, E., Scheidenberger, C., Schwarz, S., Sikler, G., and Weber, C.

Abstract

Mass measurements of 34Ar, 73-78Kr, and 74,76Rb were performed with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP. Very accurate QEC-values are needed for the investigations of the t-value of 0+ → 0+ nuclear β-decays used to test the standard model predictions for weak interactions. The necessary accuracy on the QEC-value requires the mass of mother and daughter nuclei to be measured with δ m/ m ⩽ 3 . 10-8. For most of the measured nuclides presented here this has been reached. The 34Ar mass has been measured with a relative accuracy of 1.1 . 10-8. The QEC-value of the 34Ar 0+ → 0+ decay can now be determined with an uncertainty of about 0.01%. Furthermore, 74Rb is the shortest-lived nuclide ever investigated in a Penning trap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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11. Correlated emission of three α-particles in the β-decay of 12N.

Author

Fynbo, H.O.U., Prezado, Y., Äystö, J., Bergmann, U.C., Borge, M.J.G., Dendooven, P., Huang, W., Huikari, J., Jeppesen, H., Jones, P., Jonson, B., Meister, M., Nyman, G., Oinonen, M., Riisager, K., Tengblad, O., Vogelius, I.S., Wang, Y., Weissman, L., and Rolander, K.W.

Abstract

The β-decay of 12N is used to populate α-emitting excited states in 12C. The α-particles from the break-up of both the 10.3 MeV and 12.71 MeV states were measured in coincidence with an efficient detector setup consisting of two double-sided Si strip detectors. The break-up of the 12.71 MeV 1+ state is an interesting testing ground for the different descriptions of multi-particle break-up, whereas the properties of the 10.3 MeV state, which under some astrophysical conditions is relevant for the production of 12C in stars, are poorly known. First results from the analysis of the data is presented and compared with Monte Carlo simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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12. Decay of the neutron-rich isotope 113Ru to 113Rh.

Author

Kurpeta, J., Lhersonneau, G., Płochocki, A., Wang, J.C., Dendooven, P., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Oinonen, M., Penttilä, H., Peräjärvi, K., Persson, J.R., and Äystö, J.

Abstract

The decay of neutron-rich isotope 113Ru obtained as on-line mass separated product of proton-induced fission has been investigated by γγ coincidence and spectrum multiscaling measurements. Decay schemes for both low- and high-spin isomers of 113Ru have been constructed. The level scheme of 113Rh is considerably extended. Systematics of the lowest-lying rhodium levels is smooth. The picture of shape coexistence established for neutron-rich Rh isotopes near-neutron midshell is confirmed with the observation of a K = 1/2 deformed band, with its 3/2+ state at 600 keV being the lowest-lying level and of probable 7/2+ and 5/2+ band members. A large fraction of β feeding is found to populate high-lying levels in 113Rh. The GT strength in 113Rum decay is significantly larger than for the decay of 113Rug and of lighter rhodium isotopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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13. Isomeric state of 80Y and its role in the astrophysical rp-process.

Author

Novikov, Yu.N., Schatz, H., Dendooven, P., Béraud, R., Miehé, Ch., Popov, A.V., Seliverstov, D.M., Vorobjev, G.K., Baumann, P., Borge, M.J.G., Canchel, G., Desagne, Ph., Emsallem, A., Huang, W., Huikari, J., Jokinen, A., Knipper, A., Kolhinen, V., Nieminen, A., and Oinonen, M.

Abstract

A careful investigation of the isomeric transition of the long-lived state at 228.5 keV excitation energy in 80Y has been done. The HIGISOL facility at the Jyväskylä isochronous cyclotron has been used. We used the electron magnetic transporter to prepare an appropriate source and to measure the electron spectra in clean background conditions. The measured internal conversion coefficient αK = 0.50±0.07 allows unambiguous 1- identification for the 228.5 keV first excited isomeric state in 80Y. With a “bare" half-life of 6.8±0.5 s found in this work, this state is strongly populated in the rp-process during X-ray bursts and has therefore to be taken into account in X-ray burst model calculations. However, because of the similarity of the β-decay half-lives of isomeric and ground states, we find a maximum reduction in the effective β-decay lifetime of 80Y of only 17±2%. Our results pave the way for a future investigation of the impact of the isomeric state on the “effective" 80Y proton capture rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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14. Ground-state spin of 59Mn.

Author

Oinonen, M., Köster, U., Äystö, J., Fedoseyev, V., Mishin, V., Huikari, J., Jokinen, A., Nieminen, A., Peräjärvi, K., Knipper, A., and Walter, G.

Abstract

Beta-decay of 59Mn has been studied at PSB-ISOLDE, CERN. The intense and pure Mn beam was produced using the Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS). Based on the measured β-decay rates the ground-state spin and parity are proposed to be Jπ = 5/2-. This result is consistent with the systematic trend of the odd- A Mn nuclei and extends the systematics one step further towards the neutron drip line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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15. Mass Measurements on Short-Lived Nuclides with ISOLTRAP.

Author

Bollen, G., Ames, F., Audi, G., Beck, D., Dilling, J., Engels, O., Henry, S., Herfurth, F., Kellerbauer, A., Kluge, H.-J., Kohl, A., Lamour, E., Lunney, D., Moore, R., Oinonen, M., Scheidenberger, C., Schwarz, S., Sikler, G., Szerypo, J., and Weber, C.

Abstract

Penning trap mass spectrometry has reached a state that allows its application to very short-lived nuclides available from various sources of radioactive beams. Mass values with outstanding accuracy are achieved even far from stability. This paper illustrates the state of the art by summarizing the status of the ISOLTRAP experiment at ISOLDE/CERN. Furthermore, results of mass measurements on unstable rare earth isotopes will be given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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16. The REX-ISOLDE project.

Author

Habs, D., Kester, O., Sieber, T., Bongers, H., Emhofer, S., Reiter, P., Thirolf, P.G., Bollen, G., Aystö, J., Forstner, O., Ravn, H., Nilsson, T., Oinonen, M., Simon, H., Cederkall, J., Ames, F., Schmidt, P., Huber, G., Liljeby, L., and Skeppstedt, O.

Abstract

The Radioactive Beam Experiment REX-ISOLDE [1–3] is a pilot experiment at ISOLDE (CERN) testing the new concept of post acceleration of radioactive ion beams by using charge breeding of the ions in a high charge state ion source and the efficient acceleration of the highly charged ions in a short LINAC using modern ion accelerator structures. In order to prepare the ions for the experiments singly charged radioactive ions from the on-line mass separator ISOLDE will be cooled and bunched in a Penning trap, charge bred in an electron beam ion source (EBIS) and finally accelerated in the LINAC. The LINAC consists of a radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, which accelerates the ions up to 0.3 MeV/u, an interdigital H-type (IH) structure with a final energy between 1.1 and 1.2 MeV/u and three seven gap resonators, which allow the variation of the final energy. With an energy of the radioactive beams between 0.8 MeV/u and 2.2 MeV/u a wide range of experiments in the field of nuclear spectroscopy, astrophysics and solid state physics will be addressed by REX-ISOLDE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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17. Laser spectroscopy of radioisotopes and isomers at the igisol facility, Jyväskylä.

Author

Billowes, J., Campbell, P., Grant, I., Levins, J., Yeandle, G., Benton, D., Cochrane, E., Evans, D., Forest, D., Griffith, J., Richardson, D., Tungate, G., Dendooven, P., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Huikari, J., Jokinen, A., Nieminen, A., Oinonen, M., and Penttilä, H.

Abstract

We report on the progress of the collinear laser spectroscopy programme at the IGISOL isotope separator in Jyväskylä. The sensitivity of the photon-ion coincidence tecnique has been sufficient to measure isotope shifts and hyperfine structures of light hafnium isotopes produced in 175Lu(p, xn) reactions. A gas-filled RF quadrupole has recently been installed in the beamline to reduce the energy spread and emittance of the ion beam. It is expected to increase the sensitivity of the laser technique by at least an order of magnitude, allowing measurements on a number of high-spin isomers in the hafnium chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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18. Beta decay of 61Ga.

Author

Oinonen, M., Baumann, P., Dendooven, P., Fujita, Y., Górska, M., Grawe, H., Hu, Z., Janas, Z., Jokinen, A., Kirchner, R., Klepper, O., Knipper, A., Liu, W., Penttilä, H., Plochocki, A., Ramdhane, M., Roeckl, E., Walter, G., and Äystö, J.

Abstract

The β decay of 61Ga to its mirror nucleus 61Zn has been measured for the first time by using on-line mass separation and β-delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy. The observed decay strength to the ground state implies superallowed character in accordance with the systematics of the mirror decays in the sd and fp shell. The β feedings observed to four excited states in 61Zn are consistent with earlier spin-parity assignments based on in-beam experiments. The ground-state spin and parity for 61Ga were determined to be 3/2−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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19. Mass measurement on the rp-process waiting point 72Kr.

Author

Gross, Carl J., Nazarewicz, Witold, Rykaczewski, Krzysztof P., Rodríguez, D., Kolhinen, V. S., Audi, G., Äystö, J., Beck, D., Blaum, K., Bollen, G., Herfurth, F., Jokinen, A., Kellerbauer, A., Kluge, H. -J., Oinonen, M., Schatz, H., Sauvan, E., and Schwarz, S.

Abstract

With the aim of improving nucleosynthesis calculations, we performed for the first time, a direct high-precision mass measurement on the waiting point in the astrophysical rp-process 72Kr. We used the ISOLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer located at ISOLDE/CERN. The measurement yielded a relative mass uncertainty of σm/m = 1.2 × 10−7. In addition, the masses of 73Kr and 74Kr were measured directly with relative mass uncertainties of 1.0 × 10−7 and 3 × 10−8, respectively. We analyzed the role of 72Kr in the rp-process during X-ray bursts using the ISOLTRAP and previous mass values of 72-74Kr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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20. Proton instability ofRb.

Author

Jokinen, A., Oinonen, M., Äystö, J., Baumann, P., Didierjean, F., Hoff, P., Huck, A., Knipper, A., Marguier, G., Novikov, Yu., Popov, A., Ramdhane, M., Seliverstov, D., Duppen, P., and Walter, G.

Abstract

The study of the stability of an astrophysically interesting nucleusRb was performed by searching its β and proton decay at the ISOLDE facility at CERN. Light rubidium isotopes were produced in a spallation reaction of a niobium target induced by a pulsed 1 GeV proton beam. The previously reported proton-unbound character ofRb was confirmed and the upper limit for its production cross-section was reduced by more than one order of magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1996
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21. High-resolution studies of beta-delayed proton emitters at IGISOL facility.

Author

Jokinen, A., äystö, J., Dendooven, P., Hankonen, S., Honkanen, A., Huikari, J., Lhersonneau, G., Lipas, P., Penttilä, H., Peräjärvi, K., Oinonen, M., Nieminen, A., Siiskonen, T., and Wang, J.

Abstract

Beta-decays ofAl andTi have been studied by applying ion guide techniques, gamma detection and a gas-Si telescope for charged-particle detection. The experimental beta-decay strength ofTi was found to be quenched by a factor of q = 0.64 compared to our shell model calculations below 8 MeV excitation energy inSc. This result is in line with the generally accepted value of q = 0.77. The isobaric analogue state of theTi ground state was measured to contain 10(8)% isospin impurity. This relatively high value could be well reproduced by the shell model calculation in the sdfp space. Gamma-decay of the T = 3/2 isobaric analogue state inMg was observed together with its decay by proton emission. The resonance strength from the ground state ofNa to the isobaric analogue state inMg was determined as 5.4(17) meV. The experimental proton width, 13(4) meV, agrees with the calculated value of 21 meV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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22. A new 400 ms isomer in125Ce→125La.

Author

Béraud, R., Emsallem, A., Chabanat, E., Ducroux, L., Redon, N., Dendooven, P., Jokinen, A., Huhta, M., Oinonen, M., Äystö, J., Peräjärvi, K., Honkanen, A., Penttilä, H., and Wang, J.

Abstract

By using the IGISOL technique, adapted for the study of products of heavy ion induced fusion-evaporation reactions, it has been possible to identify a new isomer in the mass chain A=125. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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23. Beta decay of the MT=-1 nucleus 58Zn studied by selective laser ionization.

Author

Jokinen, A., Oinonen, M., Äystö, J., Baumann, P., Dendooven, P., Didierjean, F., Fedoseyev, V., Huck, A., Jading, Y., Knipper, A., Koizumi, M., Köster, U., Lettry, J., Lipas, P.O., Liu, W., Mishin, V., Ramdhane, M., Ravn, H., Roeckl, E., and Sebastian, V.

Abstract

Beta decay of 58Zn has been studied for the first time. A new laser ion-source concept has been used to produce mass-separated sources for beta and gamma spectroscopy. The half-life of 58Zn was determined to be 86(18) ms. Comparisons are made with previous data from charge-exchange reactions. Our Gamow–Teller strength to the 1+ state at 1051 keV excitation in 58Cu agrees well with the value extracted from a recent (3He, t) study. Extensive shell-model calculations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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24. Charged-particle multiplicity measurement in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=0.9$ and 2.36 TeV with ALICE at LHC

Author

Aamodt, K., Abel, N., Abeysekara, U., Abrahantes Quintana, A., Abramyan, A., Adamov&nbsp, Aggarwal, M. M., Aglieri Rinella, G., Agocs, A. G., Aguilar Salazar, S., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, N., Ahn, S. U., Akimoto, R., Akindinov, A., Aleksandrov, D., Alessandro, B., Alfaro Molina, R., Alici, A., Almar&nbsp, z Avi¤a, E., Alme, J., Alt, T., Altini, V., Altinpinar, S., Andrei, C., Andronic, A., Anelli, G., Angelov, V., Anson, C., Anti?i?, T., Antinori, F., Antinori, S., Antipin, K., Anto?czyk, D., Antonioli, P., Anzo, A., Aphecetche, L., Appelsh„user, H., Arcelli, S., Arceo, R., Arend, A., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Aronsson, T., Arsene, I. C., Asryan, A., Augustinus, A., Averbeck, R., Awes, T. C., Žyst', J., Azmi, M. D., Bablok, S., Bach, M., Badal, A., Baek, Y. W., Bagnasco, S., Bailhache, R., Bala, R., Baldisseri, A., Baldit, A., B&nbsp, n, J., Barbera, R., Barnaf'ldi, G. G., Barnby, L., Barret, V., Bartke, J., Barile, F., Basile, M., Basmanov, V., Bastid, N., Bathen, B., Batigne, G., Batyunya, B., Baumann, C., Bearden, I. G., Becker, B., Belikov, I., Bellwied, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Belogianni, A., Benhabib, L., Beole, S., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Berdermann, E., Berdnikov, Y., Betev, L., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bianchi, L., Bianchi, N., Bianchin, C., Biel?¡k, J., Biel?¡kov&nbsp, Bilandzic, A., Bimbot, L., Biolcati, E., Blanc, A., Blanco, F., Blau, D., Blume, C., Boccioli, M., Bock, N., Bogdanov, A., B›ggild, H., Bogolyubsky, M., Bohm, J., Boldizs&nbsp, r, L., Bombara, M., Bombonati, C., Bondila, M., Borel, H., Borshchov, V., Borisov, A., Bortolin, C., Bose, S., Bosisio, L., Boss£, F., Botje, M., B'ttger, S., Bourdaud, G., Boyer, B., Braun, M., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bravina, L., Bregant, M., Breitner, T., Bruckner, G., Brun, R., Bruna, E., Bruno, G. 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VAN DER KOLK, P. VANDE VYVRE, M. VAN LEEUWEN, L. VANNUCCI, A. VARGAS, R. VARMA, A. VASILIEV, I. VASSILIEV, M. VASSILIOU, V. VECHERNIN, M. VENARUZZO, E. VERCELLIN, S. VERGARA, R. VERNET, M. VERWEIJ, I. VETLITSKIY, L. VICKOVIC, G. VIESTI, O. VIKHLYANTSEV, Z. VILAKAZI, O. VILLALOBOS BAILLIE, A. VINOGRADOV, L. VINOGRADOV, Y. VINOGRADOV, T. VIRGILI, Y. P. VIYOGI, A. VODOPIANOV, K. VOLOSHIN, S. VOLOSHIN, G. VOLPE, B. VON HALLER, D. VRANIC, J. VRLAKOVA, B. VULPESCU, B. WAGNER, V. WAGNER, L. WALLET, R. WAN, D. WANG, Y. WANG, K. WATANABE, Q. WEN, J. WESSELS, J. WIECHULA, J. WIKNE, A. WILK, G. WILK, M. C. S. WILLIAMS, N. WILLIS, B. WINDELBAND, C. XU, C. YANG, H. YANG, A. YASNOPOLSKY, F. YERMIA, J. YI, Z. YIN, H. YOKOYAMA, I. -K. YOO, X. YUAN, I. YUSHMANOV, E. ZABRODIN, B. ZAGREEV, A. ZALITE, C. ZAMPOLLI, YU. ZANEVSKY, S. ZAPOROZHETS, A. ZAROCHENTSEV, P. ZAVADA, H. ZBROSZCZYK, P. ZELNICEK, A. ZENIN, A. ZEPEDA, I. ZGURA, M. ZHALOV, X. ZHANG, D. ZHOU, S. ZHOU, J. ZHU, A. ZICHICHI, A. ZINCHENKO, G. ZINOVJEV, M. ZINOVJEV, Y. ZOCCARATO, V. ZYCHACEK, GBR, CZE, SVK, ESP, ZAF, SWE, UKR, CHN, CUB, DEU, NOR, PER, POL, JPN, USA, FRA, CHE, HUN, ARM, BRA, KOR, HRV, DNK, RUS, FIN, GRC, IND, MEX, NLD, DIP. DI FISICA, DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA E ASTRONOMIA 'AUGUSTO RIGHI', Facolta' di SCIENZE MATEMATICHE FISICHE e NATURALI, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ALICE, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Proton, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, PSEUDORAPIDITY DISTRIBUTIONS, PP INTERACTIONS, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), ALICE, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Large Hadron Collider, LHC, multplicity, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Multiplicity (mathematics), Charged particle, 3. Good health, p+p, charged-particle, multiplicity, Mathematics and natural science: 400 [VDP], High Energy Physics::Experiment, ALICE (propellant), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Charged-particle production was studied in proton-proton collisions collected at the LHC with the ALICE detector at centre-of-mass energies 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV in the pseudorapidity range |$��$| < 1.4. In the central region (|$��$| < 0.5), at 0.9 TeV, we measure charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/deta = 3.02 $\pm$ 0.01 (stat.) $^{+0.08}_{-0.05}$ (syst.) for inelastic interactions, and dNch/deta = 3.58 $\pm$ 0.01 (stat.) $^{+0.12}_{-0.12}$ (syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. At 2.36 TeV, we find dNch/deta = 3.77 $\pm$ 0.01 (stat.) $^{+0.25}_{-0.12}$ (syst.) for inelastic, and dNch/deta = 4.43 $\pm$ 0.01 (stat.) $^{+0.17}_{-0.12}$ (syst.) for non-single-diffractive collisions. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from the lower to higher energy is 24.7% $\pm$ 0.5% (stat.) $^{+5.7}_{-2.8}$% (syst.) for inelastic and 23.7% $\pm$ 0.5% (stat.) $^{+4.6}_{-1.1}$% (syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. This increase is consistent with that reported by the CMS collaboration for non-single-diffractive events and larger than that found by a number of commonly used models. The multiplicity distribution was measured in different pseudorapidity intervals and studied in terms of KNO variables at both energies. The results are compared to proton-antiproton data and to model predictions., 20 pages, 12 captioned figures, 4 tables, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/3903

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25. Mass measurement on the rp-process waiting point 72Kr.

Author

Rodrıguez, D., Kolhinen, V. S., Audi, G., Äystö, J., Beck, D., Blaum, K., Bollen, G., Herfurth, F., Jokinen, A., Kellerbauer, A., Kluge, H.-J., Oinonen, M., Schatz, H., Sauvan, E., and Schwarz, S.

Subjects
NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, CHEMICAL elements, PENNING trap mass spectrometry, MASS spectrometry, NUCLEAR physics, PHYSICS
Abstract

With the aim of improving nucleosynthesis calculations, we performed for the first time, a direct high-precision mass measurement on the waiting point in the astrophysical rp-process 72Kr. We used the ISOLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer located at ISOLDE/CERN. The measurement yielded a relative mass uncertainty of δ m/ m = 1.2×10-7. In addition, the masses of 73Kr and 74Kr were measured directly with relative mass uncertainties of 1.0×10-7 and 3×10-8, respectively. We analyzed the role of 72Kr in the rp-process during X-ray bursts using the ISOLTRAP and previous mass values of 72-74Kr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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26. Total absorption spectroscopy of 58Cu decay.

Author

Janas, Z., Karny, M., Fujita, Y., Batist, L., Cano-Ott, D., Collatz, R., Dendooven, P., Gadea, A., Gierlik, M., Hellström, M., Hu, Z., Jokinen, A., Kirchner, R., Klepper, O., Moroz, F., Oinonen, M., Penttilä, H., Płochocki, A., Roeckl, E., and Rubio, B.

Abstract

The β decay of 58Cu has been studied by means of total absorption γ-ray spectroscopy. The β feeding to the 58Ni states has been measured, and the strength of the 58Cu(1+) →58Ni(0+) Gamow-Teller transition has been determined with improved accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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27. First decay scheme of 113Tc and identification of 113Ru m.

Author

Kurpeta, J., Lhersonneau, G., Wang, J.C., Dendooven, P., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Oinonen, M., Penttilä, H., Peräjärvi, K., Persson, J.R., Płochocki, A., and Äystö, J.

Abstract

Very neutron–rich fission products of the mass chain A=113 obtained from the IGISOL on–line mass separator have been investigated by γγ coincidence techniques and γ-spectra multiscaling. Gamma–rays following β–decay of 113Tc have been observed for the first time and a new 0.5 s isomeric state has been found in 113Ru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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28. Beta Decay of 111Tc to 111Ru.

Author

Pfeiffer, B., Lhersonneau, G., Dendooven, P., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Klöckl, I., Oinonen, M., Penttilä, H., Persson, J.R., Peräjärvi, K., Wang, J.C., Kratz, K.-L., and Äystö, J.

Abstract

The β-decay of the very neutron-rich 111Tc nucleus has been observed. A partial decay scheme of 111Ru is presented, complementing the high-spin levels earlier reported in spontaneous fission work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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29. Author Correction: Solar superstorm of AD 774 recorded subannually by Arctic tree rings.

Author

Uusitalo, J., Arppe, L., Hackman, T., Helama, S., Kovaltsov, G., Mielikäinen, K., Mäkinen, H., Nöjd, P., Palonen, V., Usoskin, I., and Oinonen, M.

Abstract

The authors became aware of a mistake in the data displayed in Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 2 of the original version of the Article. Specifically, the 14C production values were printed out in the code before the conversion between the omnidirectional fluence and the flux. As a consequence, the values of the 14C production in Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 2 were too high by a factor of 4×π = 12.566.. As a result of this, a number of changes have been made to both the PDF and the HTML versions of the Article. A full list of these changes is available online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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30. Solar superstorm of AD 774 recorded subannually by Arctic tree rings.

Author

Uusitalo, J., Arppe, L., Hackman, T., Helama, S., Kovaltsov, G., Mielikäinen, K., Mäkinen, H., Nöjd, P., Palonen, V., Usoskin, I., and Oinonen, M.

Abstract

Recently, a rapid increase in radiocarbon (14C) was observed in Japanese tree rings at AD 774/775. Various explanations for the anomaly have been offered, such as a supernova, a γ-ray burst, a cometary impact, or an exceptionally large Solar Particle Event (SPE). However, evidence of the origin and exact timing of the event remains incomplete. In particular, a key issue of latitudinal dependence of the 14C intensity has not been addressed yet. Here, we show that the event was most likely caused by the Sun and occurred during the spring of AD 774. Particularly, the event intensities from various locations show a strong correlation with the latitude, demonstrating a particle-induced 14C poleward increase, in accord with the solar origin of the event. Furthermore, both annual 14C data and carbon cycle modelling, and separate earlywood and latewood 14C measurements, confine the photosynthetic carbon fixation to around the midsummer. Tree rings retain information of sudden variations of ancient radiocarbon (14C) content, however the origin and exact timing of these events often remain uncertain. Here, the authors analyze a set of Arctic tree rings and link a rapid increase in 14C to a solar event that occurred during the spring of AD 774. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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31. A new isomer in 125La.

Author

Canchel, G., Béraud, R., Chabanat, E., Emsallem, A., Redon, N., Dendooven, P., Huikari, J., Jokinen, A., Kolhinen, V., Lhersonneau, G., Oinonen, M., Nieminen, A., Penttilä, H., Peräjärvi, K., Wang, J.C., and Äystö, J.

Abstract

Levels in 125La have been studied via β+/EC decay of on-line mass-separated 125Ce using the HIGISOL technique. A new (390 ± 40) ms isomer is definitely attributed to 125La by conversion electron measurements of the 107 keV E3 isomeric transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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32. Beta decay of very neutron-richMo studied at the new IGISOL facility.

Author

Lhersonneau, G., Honkanen, A., Huhta, M., Jauho, P., Jokinen, A., Leino, M., Oinonen, M., Ollikainen, E., Parmonen, J., and Aysto, J.

Abstract

The decay of the new activityMo (t=0.30(4).s) has been observed at the new IGISOL separator. Multiscaled singles, β-γ-t and γ- y-t coincidences were recorded. The decay scheme suggests I=2 for the ground state of the daughter nucleusTc. Three 1 levels are fed with logft values below 5, indicating no drastic change among Mo and Ru decays at the middle of the neutron shell. This experiment confirms the expectation that the new IGISOL facility will allow the identification of one or two new more neutron-rich isotopes per element in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1994
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