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For improved and sustained growth, world economies are now moving towards innovation systems. However, the impact of these innovation systems on economies within the economic paradigm is still unknown. This study aims to investigate how innovation systems in various economies influence E-commerce capacity. However, various policymakers plan to design and implement policies that meet the changing dynamics of innovation systems. However, the fact that these policies have an impact on E-commerce is mostly not taken into consideration. This study further aims to understand whether policymakers should consider the enabling side effects and the impact assessment derived from innovation systems when they design E-commerce policies? By utilizing quantitative analysis, the study evaluates the innovation enabling factors for E-commerce advancement. The innovation system factors, institutions, human capital, infrastructure, market sophistication, knowledge, and creative outputs construct the set of independent variables that evaluated against the dependent variable that is E-commerce capacity. Through structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis of the Global Innovation Index data, the study concludes that human capital and market sophistication are significant enabling factors to E-commerce when innovation system policies are applied. In addition, infrastructure and information communication technology are essential factors in advancing E-commerce capacity. This work recommends that policymakers should assess the impact of existing innovation policies related to human capital, empowerment, and market sophistication on E-commerce capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open market is defined as a market or place where prices are determined by supply and demand. The study proposes and tests an integrated model of consumers' purchase intentions toward open markets and investigates the differences in the adoption of open markets between Korea and China. Based on an extended technology acceptance model, we examined the effects of perceived website quality (PWSQ), perceived usefulness, third-party recognition, satisfaction, and trust on purchase intentions. We selected Korea as an established market economy and China as a transition economy. We obtained 147 usable responses in Korea and 113 usable responses in China. We analyzed the empirical data by using structural equation modeling. The results for empirical data from Korea provide support for all hypotheses except for the effect of perceived website quality on satisfaction. By contrast, the results for empirical data from China provide support for all hypotheses except for the effect of trust on satisfaction and that of PWSQ on trust. That is, perceived usefulness and PWSQ had significant effects on satisfaction, and third-party recognition had a significant effect on trust. We examined the differences between China and Korea through a t test to demonstrate cultural differences in the adoption of open markets. The relationships between perceived usefulness and satisfaction and between satisfaction and purchase intention were stronger in Korea than in China. The study contributes by proposing an integrated framework for open markets composed of the antecedents of satisfaction, trust, and purchase intentions and by measuring PWSQ and third-party recognition to consider diverse aspects of transactions in open markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until 50 years ago the purpose of publishers in Australia was to act as distributors for overseas companies, mainly British. From 1970 onwards a local publishing industry began to develop, taking advantage of the greatly increased investment by publishers in distribution systems to service the “closed market.” In 1991 the “30-day rule” was introduced, leading to an increased amount of local printing of overseas titles, and a growing number of rights purchases of overseas-published books. The pros and cons of “separating out” Australian rights are addressed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]