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The cicada species, Hyalessa fuscata and H. maculaticollis (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), share numerous morphological characters, and their status as distinct species remains controversial. We reconstructed a phylogeny based on two new mitogenomes of H. fuscata from Korea and H. maculaticollis from Japan, in combination with GenBank sequences of H. maculaticollis from China and Japan, and other closely related cicada species. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenies showed that H. fuscata from Korea is more closely related to H. maculaticollis from China than either is to H. maculaticollis from Japan. The time-calibrated Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees (BEAST) phylogeny indicated that the mainland and insular forms diverged approximately 1.7–2.6 million years ago. This coincides with the formation of the East China Sea land bridge between East Asia and the Japanese archipelago, which would provide a dispersal corridor for Hyalessa from the mainland via the Korean peninsula southeastward to Japan. East Asian H. fuscata is a geographic variant that may be considered synonymous with H. maculaticollis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven parabens including methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), iso-propylparaben (iPrP), butylparaben (BuP), benzylparaben (BzP), and heptylparaben (HepP) were determined in bottled water, tap water, river water, lake water, and wastewater samples collected from Hanoi, Vietnam, using solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The highest total concentration of parabens were measured in wastewater (range, 27.3–1050 ng/L; mean/median, 268/175 ng/L), followed by lake water (range, 18.0–254 ng/L; mean/median, 51.7/58.5 ng/L), river water (range, 16.5–52.1 ng/L; mean/median, 32.1/42.6 ng/L), tap water (range, 5.01–54.3 ng/L; mean/median, 28.6/41.1 ng/L), and bottled water (range, 1.56–39.9 ng/L; mean/median, 6.92/9.19 ng/L). Methylparaben and propylparaben were the predominant compounds found in all samples. The mean estimated human exposure dose of parabens through drinking bottled water was 0.27 ng/kg-bw/day, which is 6 orders of magnitude below the safety threshold recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additive in 1974 (10 mg/kg-bw/day). Concentrations of parabens measured in river water, lake water, and wastewater samples were assessed to pose low to moderate ecological risks to aquatic organisms (0.1 < RQ < 1). Methyl, ethyl, and propyl parabens exhibited significant correlations in water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cicada species Cryptotympana atrata and Hyalessa fuscata are abundant in metropolitan Seoul where their population densities are positively correlated with local urban heat island intensities. Here, we characterized two panels of polymorphic markers for both species. A set of 21 microsatellite markers previously developed for a Chinese population of C. atrata were tested for the Korean population. Fifteen of the tested loci were found to be polymorphic in the target population. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12, with observed and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.2 to 1 and 0.06667 to 0.92644, respectively. Four of the tested loci were moderately polymorphic, and the rest were highly polymorphic. For H. fuscata, a novel panel of microsatellite markers was generated using a next-generation sequencing technique and 18 polymorphic loci were identified in the target population. The number of alleles per locus was between 3 and 16, with observed and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.02222 to 0.97778 and 0.16804 to 0.86181, respectively. Polymorphism level was low in one locus, moderate in five loci, and high in the remaining loci. The microsatellite markers described in this study will be useful for identifying genetic structure and genetic differentiation among populations of C. atrata and H. fuscata in metropolitan Seoul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unfortunately the title of the original publication contains a typo. Instead of (Hemiptera: Cicadoidae) it should be (Hemiptera: Cicadidae). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]