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Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients occasionally present with homeostatic disturbances suggestive of hypothalamic dysfunction; however, the hypothalamus often appears normal on imaging, apart from confirmation in a few necropsy studies. In this article we describe a Chinese woman with atypical clinical presentation. She presented with relapsing symptoms and signs consistent with hypothalamic dysfunction including hyperprolactinema, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH), hypersomnolence and temperature dysregulation. Serial MRI depicted the atypical reversible changes in the hypothalamus, correlating with the observed homeostatic abnormalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Syphilitic myelitis is a very rare manifestation of neurosyphilis. The MRI appearance of syphilitic myelitis is not well documented and only a few cases have been reported. We present a 52-year-old woman with acute onset of paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed diffuse high signal intensity in the whole spinal cord on T2-weighted images. Focal enhancement was observed in the dorsal aspect of the thoracic cord on T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced images. To our knowledge, diffuse spinal cord abnormality in syphilitic myelitis has not been reported in the international literature. Disappearance of the diffuse high-signal lesions with residual focal enhancement was noted after antibiotic therapy. The patient suffered significant neurological deficit despite improvement in the MR images. In this article we present the imaging findings and review the literature of this rare condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we assess the traits that older adults associate with younger, middle-aged, and older adults in five Pacific Rim nations from Western and Eastern cultural traditions (Australia, People's Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong, Philippines, Thailand). We find cross-cultural trends which replicate patterns found in the US context. In most cultures, attractiveness, strength, activity, liberalism, health, and flexibility are seen to decline with increasing age. Kindness assessments are positively associated with age across cultures. Mixed patterns are found with assessments of wisdom and generosity, with respondents from the PRC and Hong Kong being notably more negative about increasing age than other respondents. Implications for the aging process across cultures are discussed, and suggestions made for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the MRI features of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in 72 patients who underwent MRI before and after gadolinium injection. Recurrent NPC exhibited a high degree of regional spread and a variety of signal intensities and contours. MRI showed a nasopharyngeal mass in 50 patients (69.4 %); other sites of involvement included the parapharyngeal space (44.4 %), nasal cavity (12.5 %), paranasal sinuses (27.8 %), oropharynx (4.2 %), orbit (8.3 %), infratemporal fossa (18.1 %), skull base (59.8 %), intracranial area (51.4 %) and regional lymph nodes (15.3 %). On T2-weighted images, the nasopharyngeal mass gave high signal in 9 of 50 cases (18 %), intermediate in 27 (54 %), mixed in 8 (16 %) and low signal in 6 (12 %). Contrast enhancement was strong in 12 cases (24 %), moderate in 29 (58 %) and heterogeneous in 9 (18 %). The lesion was convex in 31 cases (62 %) and concave or straight in 19 (38 %). Recognition of the distribution and the appearance of recurrent NPC on MRI is essential for timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An acute aortic dissection involved the retroesophageal aortic diverticulum (RAD) and descending thoracic aorta in a patient with right aortic arch. The RAD, which was separated into false and true lumens by an intimal flap-the classic diagnostic sign of aortic dissection-was overlooked on transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography but was clearly depicted on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was found that MRI can delineate the anatomy of a congenital arch anomaly complicated by great vessels disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise assessment of the extent of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents the basic step towards optimal treatment. We compared the capacity of CT and MRI in assessing the extent of NPC in 67 patients. MRI was superior to CT in demonstrating lesions in the retropharyngeal node, skull base, intracranial area, carotid space, longus colli muscle and levator palatini muscle. Of 25 cases in which retropharyngeal adenopathy was recognised only on MRI, seven had been reported as showing oropharyngeal involvement and 18 as primary extension to the carotid space on CT. MRI showed skull-base involvement in 40 patients compared with 27 on CT and intracranial involvement in 38 patients versus 24 on CT. There was not a single case in which skull base invasion was seen on CT but not on MRI. MRI enabled improved recognition of tumour infiltration of longus colli muscles (34 cases compared with 15 on CT). It allowed us to clarify 12 questionable sinonasal opacities on CT. Overall, T-staging was changed in 18 of 67 patients (26.9 %), including upstaging in 15 cases and downstaging in 3 cases, after comparing CT with MRI. The nodel status was changed from negative on CT to positive on MRI in 4 of 67 patients (6 %). We believe that MRI allows more accurate evaluation of the extent of NPC than CT and should be the primary mode of investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the unusual magnetic resonance (MR) findings of a case of Wilson's disease (WD) in an asymptomatic 2-year-old girl. Preenhanced computed tomography revealed multiple hyperdense areas in the liver. These lesions were hyperintense on T1-weighted and hypointense on T2-weighted MR images, results that might be ascribed to the paramagnetism of copper deposited in liver at a relatively early stage of the disease before severe liver cirrhosis had evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe CT findings of a case of mucin-hypersecreting papillary cholangiocarcinoma (MHPC), with extrahepatic bile leakage to the rectus abdominis muscle via the ligamentum teres hepatis forming an abdominal wall abscess. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was unsatisfactory. Spiral three-dimensional CT cholangiography was helpful in assessing the resectability of MHPC by offering anatomic details of the uninvolved biliary tree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a letter to the editor about angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

An unusual case of rapid-growing posttraumatic gluteal epidermal cyst with ischiorectal and presacral extension is reported. Pertinent clinical history and magnetic resonance imaging allowed accurate preoperative diagnosis. Cautious complete excision was important to prevent recurrence. To our knowledge, posttraumatic gluteal epidermal cyst with this unusual clinical presentation has not been described previously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an unusual case of mesenteric cystic lymphangioma presenting as a large multilocular mass with a well-enhanced solid component and a central cleft, which were were pathologically correlated to the prominent stromal myxoid degeneration interspersed with abundant capillaries and the central fibrosis, respectively. The findings of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are illustrated. Recognition of the multilocular configuration of the enhanced stroma may help to make the correct preoperative diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report two cases of small bowel obstruction (SBO) due to phytobezoar impaction. In both cases, computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a well-defined, ovoid intraluminal mass with mottled gas pattern within the dilated small bowel at the site of obstruction and an abruptly collapsed lumen beyond the lesion. Recognition of these CT findings allows specific preoperative diagnosis of SBO owing to this uncommon lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors report a case of congenital meningioma in a newborn. This tumour is extremely rare and only six cases have been reported in the literature. Those reported cases were mainly intracranial. This is the first case of a neonatal extracranial meningioma that was evaluated preoperatively by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a case of renal leiomyoma in a 21-year-old woman who presented with flank pain and hematuria. Urographic and computed tomographic (CT) studies revealed a large right renal mass with polypoid outgrowth protruding into the renal pelvis. Cortical renal leiomyoma with this radiographic manifestation is extremely rare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]