Search

Purpose: To avoid significant loss of vision in employees, the working population could be examined with ophthalmic methods as OCT and IOP measurement for detection of serious eye diseases. The value of "virtual eye clinics" in occupational preventive medicine has been previously shown. We used a telemedical approach to gather epidemiological information about prevalence of eye diseases such as glaucoma, ocular hypertension, hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, epiretinal membrane, AMD, adult vitelliform maculopathy, cystoid maculopathy, choroidal nevi, and macular drusen. Methods: The study included 931 people ranging from age 39 to 65 years. Using a telemedical approach, all medical examinations and the ophthalmic examination were performed by a technician using an optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and a pulse air tonometer. The data were saved in the web-based patient chart MedStage® of the Talkingeyes® Collaboration Network. Results: We found a high prevalence of eye diseases in a group representative for the working-age population by telemedical examination. 13.47% of the workers examined showed ocular findings necessitating treatment or control by an ophthalmologist, including ocular hypertension (5.7%), hypertensive retinopathy with loss of temporal retinal nerve fiber thickness (2.3%), epiretinal membrane (1.07%), glaucoma (0.97%), age-related macular degeneration and adult vitelliform maculopathy (0.53%), and diabetic retinopathy (0.2%). Two of the examined persons presented ocular findings requiring urgent treatment to prevent serious vision loss. Conclusion: Using a telemedical approach, we collected epidemiological information about prevalence of eye diseases in the working-age population. Virtual eye clinics in occupational preventive medicine are a useful method to improve sight and reduce vision loss of workers by reducing travel time and inconvenience associated with an in-person appointment with an ophthalmologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Ophthalmologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study of vosaroxin evaluated dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics (PK), clinical activity and pharmacodynamics in relapsed/refractory leukemia. Dosing was weekly (days 1, 8 and 15) or twice weekly (days 1, 4, 8 and 11). Seventy-three treated patients had a median age of 65 years, 85% had acute myeloid leukemia and 78% had refractory disease. Weekly schedule: 42 patients received 18-90 mg/m(2); MTD was 72 mg/m(2). Twice-weekly schedule: 31 patients received 9-50 mg/m(2); MTD was 40 mg/m(2). DLT was stomatitis; primary non-hematologic toxicity was reversible gastrointestinal symptoms and febrile neutropenia. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 11%. Five patients had complete or incomplete remissions; median duration was 3.1 months. A morphologic leukemia-free state (bone marrow blast reduction to <5%) occurred in 11 additional patients. Antileukemic activity was associated with total dose or weekly time above 1 μmol/l plasma vosaroxin concentration (P<0.05). Vosaroxin exposure was dose proportional over 9-90 mg/m(2). The average terminal half-life was ~25 h and clearance was non-renal. No induction or inhibition of vosaroxin metabolism was evident. Vosaroxin-induced DNA damage was detected as increased intracellular γH2AX. Vosaroxin had an acceptable safety profile, linear PK and encouraging clinical activity in relapsed/refractory leukemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Ophthalmologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Earlier, we have introduced the spectral index (SI), which was derived from the harmonic content of the blood flow velocity envelope of the ophthalmic artery. SI changed in dependency on the baseline blood pressure (bBP). We now examined SI during sympathetic activation by cold stimulation for 300 s in dependency on bBP to investigate the response to sympathetic neural activity in arterial hypertension. Ten men and 12 women with normal bBP (age, 60.5±4.6 years and 61.9±7.2 years) and age-adjusted men and women with increased bBP underwent the cold pressor test, including a periodical measurement of blood pressure and blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery, the latter by pulsed Doppler sonography. From this, the course of the SI was calculated. During cold stimulation men with increased bBP achieved their SI peak and their systolic blood pressure peak earlier than those with normal bBP (P=0.002 and P=0.035, respectively) and their SI slope was steeper than in normotensive men (P=0.002). Multiple testing showed that the difference of SI decrease between men with normal and increased bBP occurs on average 60 s after the beginning of cold stimulation (P=0.018). These differences were not found between female blood pressure groups, but the results in women may be influenced by antihypertensive treatment of some of the hypertensive women. In conclusion, the SI is useful to evaluate the response to sympathetic activation in hypertensive men but a larger study population should confirm the study results in women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe the automatic segmentation of the optic nerve head (ONH) with the long-term goal of automatically diagnosing early stages of glaucoma. The images are average images obtained from a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). The segmentation consists of the main s teps of finding a region of interest containing the ONH, constraining the search space for final segmentation, and computing the fine segmentation by an active contour model. The agreement of “true positive pixels,” i.e., pixels attributed to the ONH by both manual and automatic segmentation, is very good. The classification results from three different classifiers using manual or automatic segmentation still show an advantage of manual segmentation. One means to further improve the automatic segmentation is to use information from an SLO as well as from a fundus camera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Ophthalmologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The DMO (5,5-dimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione) transport was studied in human red blood cells by measuring theC-DMO back exchange under self exchange conditions fromC-DMO labeled cells at 0°C. The unidirectional DMO-flux was linearly related to the DMO concentration up to approx. 100 mM. The unidirectional DMO-flux increases as pH is reduced. The DMO transport is not inhibited by anion transport inhibitors like DIDS, SITS, dipyridamole, phlorhizin, salicylate or butanol. A close correlation between the unidirectional DMO-flux and DMOH, the unionized form of DMO, has been observed suggesting that DMO is transported predominantly by nonionic diffusion. The permeability of DMOH is 9.5·10 cm/s (0°C) while the permeability of DMO cannot be assessed from our data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Background: At this time little information is available about the relationship between glaucomatous visual field defects and impaired blood flow in the optic nerve head. The purpose of this study was to examine blood flow of the juxtapapillary retina and the rim area of the optic nerve head in primary open-angle glaucoma with a borderline visual defect. • Methods: Juxtapapillary retinal and neuroretinal rim area blood flow was measured by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF). The visual field was evaluated by static perimetry (Octopus-G1). The optic nerve head was assessed on 15° color stereo photographs. We examined 116 eyes of 91 patients with POAG with controlled IOP and 66 eyes of 44 healthy individuals. The POAG group was divided into eyes with a mean defect lower than 2 dB (POAG group I) and in eyes with a mean defect equal to or greater than 2 dB (POAG group II). The mean age of POAG group I and POAG group II was 55±11 years and 57±10 years, respectively. The mean age of the control group was 45±15 years. The eyes of POAG group I had an average C/D ratio of 0.71±0.18 with an average mean defect of the visual field of 0.97±0.68 dB; the eyes of POAG group II had an average C/D ratio of 0.80±0.17 with an average mean defect of the visual field of 8.2±6.0 dB. The intraocular pressure on the day of measurement in POAG group I was 18.2±3.7 mmHg, in POAG group II 17.6±4.0 mmHg, and in the control group 15.1±2.5 mmHg. For statistical analysis, age-matched groups of 32 normal eyes of 32 subjects (mean age 52±10 years) were compared to 18 glaucomatous eyes of 18 patients (POAG group I, mean age 55±11 years) and 59 glaucomatous eyes of 59 patients (POAG group II, mean age 55±10 years). • Results: In the eyes of POAG group I and POAG group II, both juxtapapillary retinal blood flow and neuroretinal rim area blood flow were significantly decreased compared to an age-matched control group: neuroretinal rim area “flow” POAG group I −65%, POAG group II −66%; juxtapapillary retina “flow” POAG group I −52%, POAG group II −44%. All eyes of the POAG group I (MD<2 dB) and 56 of 61 eyes of the POAG group II (MD>=2 dB) showed a retinal perfusion lower than the 90% percentile of normal blood flow. We found no correlation between reduction of juxtapapillary or papillary blood flow and mean defect in POAG eyes. • Conclusion: Glaucomatous eyes with no defects or borderline visual field defects as well as glaucomatous eyes in an advanced disease stage show significantly decreased optic nerve head and juxtapapillary retinal capillary blood flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the reversal of a 4-mm central corneal button in 20 rabbits, no epithelial proliferation was observed in the anterior chamber. The epithelium and the wound margins facing the anterior chamber were covered by a large fibrin clot, which suppressed epithelial cell growth and served as a matrix for rapidly proliferating fibroblasts while apparently stimulating their growth. The inverted epithelium was overgrown by stromal tissue and eventually disappeared. Fibrous proliferation ceased after tissue had been covered by corneal endothelium. We suggest that fibrin clotting and stromal fibroblastic proliferation are important factors that prevent epithelial growth on the inner corneal surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Um eine möglichst vollständige und für die Qualitätssicherung notwendige Dokumentation großer Datenmengen zu erreichen, wurden an der Universitäts-Augenklinik Erlangen 1985 die 'Erlanger Augenblätter' entwickelt. Anhand dieser Bögen erfolgt eine standardisierte Dokumentation der Anamnese, präoperativen Befunde, der Operationsdetails sowie postoperativer Verlaufsdaten. In den Jahren 1986 bis 1988 wurden die Patientendaten nach stationärer Entlassung in analoge Eingabemasken am Großrechner eingegeben. 1988 wurde das System dezentralisiert und auf PC-Ebene installiert. Seit 1989 werden die Operationsdaten für die Katarakt- und Keratoplastikchirurgie direkt vom Operateur im Anschluß an die Operation am PC erfaßt und ein schriftlicher Operationsbericht vom System erstellt. Auf der Basis der 'Erlanger Augenblätter' wurde in den letzten 10 Jahren ein PC-vernetztes Klinikkommunikations-System geschaffen, das neben der Qualitätssicherung in der Ophthalmologie die Grundlage für eine patientenorientierte detaillierte Leistungserfassung bildet. For the evaluation of a large amount of data in the ophthalmologic microsurgery a standardized recording of the patient's history, preoperative findings, surgical details and postoperative follow-up is necessary. In 1985 we therefore developed the 'Erlanger Augenblätter'-arising from the long-term experience of clinicians and documentation staff. From 1986 to 1988 we collected the data of all cataract, keratoplasty and glaucoma patients on mainfraim. 1988 we switched to PC level and since 1989 the surgical details have been entered in the operation theatre directly after the surgical procedure by the surgeon himself and a printed operation record is immediately produced by the system. Within the last 10 years we developed a 'Eye Hospital Communication System' which is based on the 'Erlanger Augenblätter'. It enables the quality assurance of microsurgery, supports the performance of scientific studies and is a tool to face for the requirements of the new german 'GSG' law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]