Search

The evolution kinetics and creep characteristics of the γʹ phase are closely related to the mechanical properties of multicomponent Ni-based superalloys. Thus, an investigation of the continuous precipitation-to-creep behavior of the γʹ phase is needed. By using crystal viscoplastic multicomponent phase-field simulation, the effects of Co on the evolution kinetics of the γʹ-(Ni, Co)3(Al, Ta) phase and creep rafting are revealed in Ni-12.2Al-xCo-2.5Ta (x = 6, 8, and 10 at.%) multicomponent superalloys. Co promotes the precipitation of the γʹ phase with increasing volume fraction and particle number, while the particle radius and coarsening rate of the γʹ phase are reduced. The high Co content results in a low creep strain and long creep life, and the degeneration of the γʹ phase becomes slow in the accelerated creep stage. A higher volume fraction of the γʹ phase is maintained, and the stability of the γʹ rafts is elevated after creep. Moreover, the contributions of the activated slip systems to the creep properties are analyzed, and the octahedral slip systems 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 1 101 under tensile stress and 1 ¯ 11 0 1 ¯ 1 under compressive stress dominate the creep strain. The phase-field simulation provides continuous precipitation and creep morphology kinetics predictions for multicomponent Ni-based superalloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuproptosis is an emerging mode of programmed cell death for tumor suppression but sometimes gets resisted by tumor cells resist under specific mechanisms. Inhibiting copper transporter ATPase (ATP7A) was found to disrupt copper ion homeostasis, thereby enhancing the effect of cuproptosis and eventually inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, we develop a multifunctional nanoplatfrom based on Cu9S8 (CAPSH), designed to enhance cuproptosis in tumor cells by specifically targeting ATP7A interference, while combining thermodynamic therapy with immune effects. The release of copper ions from CAPSH and the copper homeostasis interference by siRNA cooperatively increases the concentration of copper ions in tumor cells, which induces effectively cuproptosis and activates immune responses for suppressing development and metastasis of tumor. This nanoplatform simultaneously regulates cuproptosis from both principles of onset and development, facilitating the application of cuproptosis in tumor therapy. Cuproptosis is an emerging mode of programmed cell death for tumor suppression but limited by the copper ion regulatory mechanisms in most tumor cells. Here, this group develops a Cu9S8-based nanoplatform for breast cancer-targeting and cuproptosis-induction via ATP7A interference, thereby eliciting thermodynamic cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The numerous grainboundaries solid electrolyte interface, whether naturally occurring or artificially designed, leads to non-uniform Li metal deposition and consequently results in poor full-battery performance. Herein, a lithium-ion selective transport layer is reported to achieve a highly efficient and dendrite-free lithium metal anode. The layer-by-layer assembled protonated carbon nitride nanosheets present uniform macroscopical structure without grainboundaries. The carbon nitride with ordered pores in basal plane provides high-speed lithium-ion transport channels with low tortuosity. Consequently, the assembled 324 Wh kg−1 pouch cell exhibits 300 stable cycles with a capacity retention of 90.0% and an average Coulombic efficiency up to 99.7%. The ultra-dense Li metal anode makes current collector-free anode possible, achieving high energy density and long cycle life of a 7 Ah cell (506 Wh kg−1, 160 cycles). Thus, it is proved that a macroscopically uniform interface layer with lithium-ion conductive channels could achieve Li metal battery with promising application potential. Here, authors report a macroscopical grain boundary-free interface layer with microscopic Li + -selective conductive channels enables the ultra-dense Li metal deposition, resulting in a high energy density (506 Wh kg−1) and long cycle life (160 cycles) pouch cell performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastric pain has limited treatment options and the mechanisms within the central circuitry remain largely unclear. This study investigates the central circuitry in gastric pain induced by noxious gastric distension (GD) in mice. Here, we identified that the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) serves as the first-level center of gastric pain, primarily via the vagus nerve. The prelimbic cortex (PL) is engaged in the perception of gastric pain. The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) and the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) are crucial regions for synaptic transmission from the NTS to the PL. The glutamatergic tetra-synaptic NTS–LPB–PVT–PL circuitry is necessary and sufficient for the processing of gastric pain. Overall, our finding reveals a glutamatergic tetra-synaptic NTS–LPB–PVT–PL circuitry that transmits gastric nociceptive signaling by the vagus nerve in mice. It provides an insight into the gastric pain ascending pathway and offers potential therapeutic targets for relieving visceral pain. Gastric pain has limited treatment options and the nociceptive ascending pathway remains largely unclear. Here, the authors identify a glutamatergic tetra-synaptic NTS–LPB–PVT–PL circuit that provides a basis for the clinical treatment of gastric pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While social media platforms promote people's information exchange and dissemination, they also make rumors spread rapidly on online platforms. Therefore, how to detect rumors quickly, timely and accurately has become a hot topic for scholars in related fields. Traditional deep learning models ignore the relationship and topology between nodes in the rumor detection task and use fixed weights or mean aggregation strategies in the feature aggregation process, which fail to capture the complex interactions between nodes and the dynamics of information propagation, limiting the accuracy and robustness of the rumor detection model. To address these problems, we propose a location-aware weighted GraphSAGE rumor detection model GSMA. We first introduce an attention mechanism that dynamically assigns different attention weights to different neighboring nodes for different degrees of aggregation, improving GraphSAGE's strategy of using mean-value aggregation for all neighboring nodes during the aggregation process; second, we introduce a modulated position encoding into the model and encode the position information of nodes into the features to improve the model's ability to perceive the relative position and order of nodes; finally, the post text sentiment is incorporated into the features to provide additional semantic information for the model as a way to achieve rumor detection in microblogging platforms. Experiments show that the accuracy of the GSMA model on Ma-Weibo and Weibo23 reaches 97.43% and 97.55%, which is an improvement of 1.11% and 0.77% compared to the benchmark GraphSAGE, and all the evaluation metrics are also improved compared to other optimal rumor detection models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a new heat dissipation method based on ultra-thin flattened heat pipe (UTHP) is developed for cooling watch-phones. The UTHP with a 0.4 mm thickness was designed to be a three-dimensional shape according to the watchcase shape. The UTHP cooling module (HPM) was soldered by three copper plates and a UTHP. The heat dissipation performance of the copper sheet cooling module (CSM) with the same dimensions was made for comparison with the HPM. The heat dissipation performance of the HPM was experimentally studied. The results indicate that the maximum heat dissipation powers of CSM and HPM were 0.8 and 0.9 W, respectively, at the surface temperature of the ceramic heater not exceeding 65 °C. At this time, ΔTc and Rhc of them were 9.18 °C and 9.86 °C/W, 3.98 °C and 2.63 °C/W, respectively. When the cooling module was cooled naturally from 65 to 37 °C, the heat dissipation time of HPM was 25 s shorter than that of CSM. The UTHP cooling module has a better heat dissipation performance, which can quickly reduce the chip temperature, eliminate the chip hotspot, and solve the heat dissipation issue of watch-phone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health status of bearings seriously affects the operational efficiency of equipment, and it is important to carry out bearing health status detection. A bearing fault diagnosis method based on stepwise variational modal decomposition (SVMD) with adaptive initialization center frequency and Gramian angular difference field is proposed. Firstly, a method of center frequency initialization base on frequency energy distribution characteristics is proposed to improve the decomposition speed and stability. Secondly, SVMD with single component decomposition and local decomposition is proposed to improve decomposition efficiency. It can effectively avoid inconsistency in different signal parameter settings and ensures consistency in the number of signal components, which is very suitable for batch processing of signals. Finally, Gramian angular field (GAF) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are combined to extract features of the reconstructed signal spectrum and enhance the differential characteristics between different signal spectrum. The experiment shows that the center frequency initialization method can shorten the single decomposition time from 11.13 to 6.71 s. The overall recognition rate can reach 95.2%, which is at least 1.9% higher than other decomposition methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reusable fluorescent nanoprobe was developed using DNA-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF) for ratiometric detection of Hg2+. We utilized a zirconium-based MOF (UiO-66) to encapsulate tris(bipyridine) ruthenium(II) chloride (Ru(bpy)32+), resulting in Ru(bpy)32+@UiO-66 (RU) with red fluorescence. The unsaturated metal sites in UiO-66 facilitate the attachment of thymine-rich single-strand DNA (T-ssDNA) through Zr-O-P bond, producing T-ssDNA-functionalized RU complex (RUT). The T-ssDNA selectively binds to Hg2+, forming stable T-Hg2+-T base pairs and folding into double-stranded DNA, which permits the intercalation of SYBR Green I (SGI) and activates its green fluorescence. In the presence of Hg2+, SGI fluorescence increases in a dose-dependent manner, while Ru(bpy)32+ fluorescence remains constant. This fluorescence contrast enables RUT to serve as an effective ratiometric nanoprobe for Hg2+ detection, with a detection limit of 3.37 nM. Additionally, RUT demonstrates exceptional reusability due to the ability of cysteine to remove Hg2+, given its stronger affinity for thiol groups. The RUT was successfully applied to detect Hg2+ in real water samples. This work advances the development of ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe based on DNA-functionalized MOFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Villagers play an important role in rural water environment governance. Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study adopts a multiple ordered logistic regression model to analyze the willingness of villagers' participation and its influential factors. The results show that rural villagers' willingness to participate in the rural water environment governance is relatively low, and villagers' willingness is significantly influenced by their environmental awareness, attitudes, governance activities, and individual characteristics. Meanwhile, the significantly positive effects of environmental awareness and attitude on villagers' willingness to participate in rural water environment governance are greater than other indicators. Thus, to improve villagers' participation performance, it is necessary to carry out diverse environmental publicity and education activities to improve villagers' environmental awareness and attitude, change current measures of rural water pollution treatment to mobilize multiple stakeholders to participate in rural environment governance, and develop targeted strategies based on villagers' individual characteristics to activate their participation behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trillions of microorganisms inhabiting the human gut are intricately linked to human health. While specific microbes have been associated with diseases, microbial abundance alone cannot reveal the molecular mechanisms involved. One such important mechanism is the biosynthesis of functional metabolites. Here, we develop a biosynthetic enzyme-guided disease correlation approach to uncover microbial functional metabolites linked to disease. Applying this approach, we negatively correlate the expression of gut microbial sulfonolipid (SoL) biosynthetic enzymes to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Targeted chemoinformatics and metabolomics then confirm that SoL abundance is significantly decreased in IBD patient data and samples. In a mouse model of IBD, we further validate that SoL abundance is decreased while inflammation is increased in diseased mice. We show that SoLs consistently contribute to the immunoregulatory activity of different SoL-producing human microbes. We further reveal that sulfobacins A and B, representative SoLs, act on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and block lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding, suppressing both LPS-induced inflammation and macrophage M1 polarization. Together, these results suggest that SoLs mediate a protective effect against IBD through TLR4 signaling and showcase a widely applicable biosynthetic enzyme-guided disease correlation approach to directly link the biosynthesis of gut microbial functional metabolites to human health. Human microbes biosynthesize functional metabolites to influence human health. Here, the authors link the biosynthesis of microbial sulfonolipids (SoLs) to inflammatory bowel diseases, and reveal that SoLs block LPS binding to TLR4, suppressing LPS-induced inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of CXCL8 in cervical cancer and its effect on immune response based on bioinformatics method. Methods: This study employs the HPA database to investigate CXCL8 expression in normal human tissues.The TIMER2.0 database is utilized to analyze CXCL8 expression across various types of cancer.Utilizing the TCGA database, we analyze the correlation between CXCL8 and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free interval (PFI) of patients with various tumors using R 4.3.2.Additionally, its association with immune checkpoint-related genes across various types of cancer is examined.We further analyze the association between CXCL8 expression and the expression of LAG3, CTLA4, PDCD1, and CD274 in cervical cancer.The TIMER database is used to study the association between CXCL8 and the extent of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells (TIICs) infiltration.Enrichment analysis of genes related to CXCL8 is conducted using the LinkedOmics database. Result: CXCL8 is found in a wide range of normal human tissues.In the majority of tumor tissues, CXCL8 expression is elevated compared to their normal counterparts.There is a significant correlation between CXCL8 expression and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free interval (PFI) of patients with various tumors.CXCL8 expression is associated with the expression of diverse immune checkpoint-related genes and the extent of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells (TIICs) infiltration.Genes related to CXCL8 participate in diverse immune-related processes in cervical cancer. Conclusion: CXCL8 plays a role in modulating immune infiltration, thereby influencing the prognosis of patients with various tumors, particularly those with cervical cancer.CXCL8 could potentially act as a biomarker for forecasting the prognosis and immune response of patients with tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience, the ability to maintain fundamental functionality amidst failures and errors, is crucial for complex networked systems. Most analytical approaches rely on predefined equations for node activity dynamics and simplifying assumptions on network topology, limiting their applicability to real-world systems. Here, we propose ResInf, a deep learning framework integrating transformers and graph neural networks to infer resilience directly from observational data. ResInf learns representations of node activity dynamics and network topology without simplifying assumptions, enabling accurate resilience inference and low-dimensional visualization. Experimental results show that ResInf significantly outperforms analytical methods, with an F1-score improvement of up to 41.59% over Gao-Barzel-Barabási framework and 14.32% over spectral dimension reduction. It also generalizes to unseen topologies and dynamics and maintains robust performance despite observational disturbances. Our findings suggest that ResInf addresses an important gap in resilience inference for real-world systems, offering a fresh perspective on incorporating data-driven approaches to complex network modeling. Estimation of network resilience, the ability to maintain functionality when failures occur, usually requires prior knowledge of network topology and dynamics. The authors propose a deep learning model to predict network resilience based on the observational data of node activities and the network topology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maternal use of e-cigarette (e-cig) aerosols poses significant risks to fetal brain development, potentially increasing susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders in later life. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to understand the effects of fetal e-cig exposure on DNA methylome and transcriptomic changes in the neonatal brain. Pregnant rats were exposed to e-cig aerosols, and neonatal brains (5 males and 5 females/group) from both control and e-cig-exposed groups were used for experimental analysis. Results indicated that prenatal e-cig exposure altered site-specific DNA methylation patterns at both CpG and CH (non-CpG) sites, predominantly in intergenic and intronic regions, with sex dimorphism in methylation and gene expression changes. Gene ontology analysis revealed that e-cig exposure not only affected neuron projection development and axonogenesis but also altered pathways related to neurodegeneration and long-term depression. These findings provide novel insights into the dynamic changes of CpG and CH methylation induced by e-cig exposure, underscoring the susceptibility of the developing brain to maternal e-cig exposure and its potential implications for developmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases later in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PROTAC® (proteolysis-targeting chimera) molecules induce proximity between an E3 ligase and protein-of-interest (POI) to target the POI for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Cooperative E3-PROTAC-POI complexes have potential to achieve neo-substrate selectivity beyond that established by POI binding to the ligand alone. Here, we extend the collection of ubiquitin ligases employable for cooperative ternary complex formation to include the C-degron E3 KLHDC2. Ligands were identified that engage the C-degron binding site in KLHDC2, subjected to structure-based improvement, and linked to JQ1 for BET-family neo-substrate recruitment. Consideration of the exit vector emanating from the ligand engaged in KLHDC2's U-shaped degron-binding pocket enabled generation of SJ46421, which drives formation of a remarkably cooperative, paralog-selective ternary complex with BRD3BD2. Meanwhile, screening pro-drug variants enabled surmounting cell permeability limitations imposed by acidic moieties resembling the KLHDC2-binding C-degron. Selectivity for BRD3 compared to other BET-family members is further manifested in ubiquitylation in vitro, and prodrug version SJ46420-mediated degradation in cells. Selectivity is also achieved for the ubiquitin ligase, overcoming E3 auto-inhibition to engage KLHDC2, but not the related KLHDC1, KLHDC3, or KLHDC10 E3s. In sum, our study establishes neo-substrate-specific targeted protein degradation via KLHDC2, and provides a framework for developing selective PROTAC protein degraders employing C-degron E3 ligases. KLHDC2 is a promising E3 ligase for targeted protein degradation (TPD). In this study, the authors demonstrate that heterobifunctional degraders induce cooperative ternary complexes with KLHDC2 and BRD3. They highlight exit vector, neo-substrate, E3 ligase selectivity, and prodrug choice can effectively leverage C-degron E3s for TPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High altitude exposure negatively affects human attentional function. However, no studies have explored the regulation of attentional and physiological functions from a dietary perspective. A total of 116 Han Chinese students from Tibet University who were born and raised in a plain area and had been living in Tibet for > 2 years were recruited. All participants were male migrants. A food frequency questionnaire, complete blood count, and attention network test were performed on the participants. Pearson's correlation was applied to assess the reliability and validity of the food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was utilized to extract dietary patterns. A linear mixed model was employed to account for individual differences. The results showed that the five main dietary patterns were coarse grain, alcohol, meat, protein, and snacking dietary patterns. Furthermore, individuals who adhered to the coarse grain dietary pattern and had high mean corpuscular hemoglobin showed better attentional performance. Individuals with high alcohol consumption and systemic immune-inflammation index levels exhibited worse attentional performance. These findings imply that high-altitude migrants should include more coarse grains in their daily diet and avoid excessive alcohol consumption to improve attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To facilitate unobtrusive and continuous sleep monitoring and promote intelligent sleep quality assessment, we present a dataset that includes multiple nights of continuous ballistocardiogram (BCG) data collected using piezoelectric film sensors from 32 subjects in their regular sleep environments. Besides, the referenced heart rate and respiratory data are also recorded by reference sensors to validate the accuracy of the cardiac and respiratory components extracted from the BCG signals. The dataset serves as a foundation for research on unobtrusive vital sign monitoring based on BCG signals, offering data support for the evaluation and optimization of sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect in the terahertz domain based on bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) metamaterials constructed from a cut-wire and a C-shaped resonator pair. With the help of numerical simulations and coupled mode theory, we find that the depth of the transparent window can be adjusted by the coupling distance between the cut-wire and the C-shaped resonator pair. It is further shown that by changing the Fermi level of BDS, the PIT effect can be dynamically tuned without reconstructing the geometry. Simultaneously, the metamaterial structure has excellent sensing properties, which contributes to the theoretical design of bio-chemical sensors. Finally, we further analyze the PIT effect caused by a metamaterial system consisting of a cross-shaped and four C-shaped resonators. Under the illumination of normal incident light along the x- and y-axes in the polarization direction, the device not only produces a PIT effect but also exhibits a strong resonance response consistency for light in both polarization directions, indicating that it exhibits polarization independence for incident terahertz light. This work will provide potential design value for dynamically tunable polarization-independent sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Yuan et al. (Phys Rev A 102:042228, 2020) construct a set of strongly nonlocal orthogonal product states in C d ⊗ C d ⊗ C d , where d ≥ 3 . Then, it is interesting how much entanglement resource is sufficient to locally distinguish these states, and very little is known about entanglement-assisted distinguishing strongly nonlocal quantum states. In this paper, we first design one entanglement-assisted state discrimination protocols for strongly nonlocal orthogonal product states in C 4 ⊗ C 4 ⊗ C 4 quantum system. Then, in the same way, we give how much entanglement resource is sufficient to locally distinguish these strongly nonlocal orthogonal product states in C 5 ⊗ C 5 ⊗ C 5 , C 6 ⊗ C 6 ⊗ C 6 quantum systems. Finally, we propose a conjecture that less entanglement resource than quantum teleportation can be used to locally distinguish these strongly nonlocal quantum states in C d ⊗ C d ⊗ C d , where d ≥ 3 . The above results can illustrate the important role of entanglement resource in locally distinguishing orthogonal quantum states and also reveal the phenomenon of less nonlocality with more entanglement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brain tumors are regarded as one of the most lethal forms of cancer, primarily due to their heterogeneity and low survival rates. To tackle the challenge posed by brain tumor diagnostic models, which typically require extensive data for training and are often confined to a single dataset, we propose a diagnostic model based on the Prewitt operator and a graph isomorphic network. Firstly, during the graph construction stage, edge information is extracted from MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) images using the Prewitt filtering algorithm. Pixel points with a gray value intensity greater than 128 are designated as graph nodes, while the remaining pixel points are treated as edges of the graph. Secondly, the graph data is inputted into the GIN model for training, with model parameters optimized to enhance performance. Compared with existing work using small sample sizes, the GraphMriNet model has achieved classification accuracies of 100%, 100%, 100%, and 99.68% on the BMIBTD, CE-MRI, BTC-MRI, and FSB open datasets, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy has improved by 0.8% to 5.3% compared to existing research. In a few-shot scenario, GraphMriNet can accurately diagnose various types of brain tumors, providing crucial clinical guidance to assist doctors in making correct medical decisions. Additionally, the source code is available at this link: https://github.com/keepgoingzhx/GraphMriNet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have become prevalent in recommender system (RS) due to their superiority in modeling collaborative patterns. Although improving the overall accuracy, GCNs unfortunately amplify popularity bias — tail items are less likely to be recommended. This effect prevents the GCN-based RS from making precise and fair recommendations, decreasing the effectiveness of recommender systems in the long run. In this paper, we investigate how graph convolutions amplify the popularity bias in RS. Through theoretical analyses, we identify two fundamental factors: (1) with graph convolution (i.e., neighborhood aggregation), popular items exert larger influence than tail items on neighbor users, making the users move towards popular items in the representation space; (2) after multiple times of graph convolution, popular items would affect more high-order neighbors and become more influential. The two points make popular items get closer to almost users and thus being recommended more frequently. To rectify this, we propose to estimate the amplified effect of popular nodes on each node’s representation, and intervene the effect after each graph convolution. Specifically, we adopt clustering to discover highly-influential nodes and estimate the amplification effect of each node, then remove the effect from the node embeddings at each graph convolution layer. Our method is simple and generic — it can be used in the inference stage to correct existing models rather than training a new model from scratch, and can be applied to various GCN models. We demonstrate our method on two representative GCN backbones LightGCN and UltraGCN, verifying its ability in improving the recommendations of tail items without sacrificing the performance of popular items. Codes are open-sourced 1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological malignancy of the bone marrow, remains largely incurable. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPRC5D, which is uniquely expressed in plasma cells and highly expressed in MM, is a compelling candidate for immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a combination of DNA vaccine encoding mouse GPRC5D and PD-1 blockade in preventing and treating MM using the 5TGM1 murine model of MM. The mouse vaccine alone was effective in preventing myeloma growth but required PD-1 antibodies to inhibit established MM tumors. We next evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of a nanoplasmid vector encoding human GPRC5D in several murine syngeneic tumor models. Similar results for tumor inhibition were observed, as human GPRC5D-specific T cells and antibodies were induced by DNA vaccines. Taken together, these findings underscore the potential of GPRC5D-targeted DNA vaccines as versatile platforms for the treatment and prevention of MM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pronounced brittleness of hard Laves phase intermetallics is detrimental to their tribological properties at room temperature. In this study, we utilized a heterogeneous structure to engineer an ultrastrong dual-phase (Laves + B2) AlCoFeNiNb high-entropy alloy that exhibits a low wear rate (3.82×10−6 mm3/(N·m)) at room temperature. This wear resistance in the ball-on-disc sliding friction test with the counterpart of Al2O3 balls stems from the activated deformation ability in the ultrafine Laves lamellae under heterogeneous interface constraints. Furthermore, as tribological stress intensifies, the surface deformation mechanism transitions from dislocation slip on the basal and pyramidal planes to a unique combination of local shear and grain rotation within the Laves phase. Our study illuminates fresh perspectives for mitigating the embrittling effect of Laves phase intermetallics under tribological loading and for the development of wear-resistant materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debris flows are considered one of the most hazardous types of mass movement. China has a long history of monitoring debris flows, which has enhanced the understanding of debris flows and the development of strategies for their prevention. This study reviewed case studies and outputs related to debris flow monitoring in China. The monitoring systems are set in seven catchments, with area between 2 and 40 km2, covering various types of debris flows in different climate conditions. This review also introduced the definitions and classifications adopted for debris flows in China for comparison with those used in Western literatures. A comprehensive analysis was conducted of debris flow parameters, including the grain size distribution, density, Froude number, velocity–depth relationship, volume–peak discharge relationship, volume–drainage area relationship, and velocity and peak discharge calculation methods. Additionally, the rainfall intensity–duration thresholds were compared. Accurate identification of such information is fundamental for enhancing comprehension of debris flow characteristics, facilitating monitoring, and the implementation of early warning and alarm systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain and visceral hypersensitivity. Reducing visceral hypersensitivity is the key to effectively relieving abdominal pain in IBS. Increasing evidence has confirmed that the thalamic nucleus reuniens (Re) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurotransmitter system play an important role in the development of colorectal visceral pain, whereas the exact mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this study, we found that high expression of the 5-HT2B receptors in the Re glutamatergic neurons promoted colorectal visceral pain. Specifically, we found that neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD) mice exhibited visceral hyperalgesia and enhanced spontaneous synaptic transmission in the Re brain region. Colorectal distension (CRD) stimulation induced a large amount of c-Fos expression in the Re brain region of NMD mice, predominantly in glutamatergic neurons. Furthermore, optogenetic manipulation of glutamatergic neuronal activity in the Re altered colorectal visceral pain responses in CON and NMD mice. In addition, we demonstrated that 5-HT2B receptor expression on the Re glutamatergic neurons was upregulated and ultimately promoted colorectal visceral pain in NMD mice. These findings suggest a critical role of the 5HT2B receptors on the Re glutamatergic neurons in the regulation of colorectal visceral pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a kind of well-known moxibustion material across the world, Artemisia argyi Folium (AAF) has a definite curative effect. From 1996 to now, various studies on AAF have been increasing year by year. That is why this paper is conducted because of no comprehensive summary except for an essential oil review recently published in 2023. Using "AAF" and "mugwort" as keywords, the related literature was summarized in four internationally recognized databases: PubMed, Web of Science, ACS, and ScienceDirect, mainly include four aspects such as botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical application. Four traditional identification methods and two new ones were reported. A total of 136 compounds were identified, among which 23 new terpenoids and two new flavonoids were discovered. The pharmacological effects of AAF mainly focus on anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and other aspects. Clinically, it is mainly used in respiratory, immune, digestive, and nervous systems in addition to gynecology. The current research mainly focuses on the composition and pharmacology of AAF. Future studies should thoroughly establish the quality criteria and pharmacokinetics of AAF. According to the different application fields, the corresponding quality standards should be formulated to ensure the efficacy of drugs in the actual treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fine grains migration is a primary cause of landslides and debris flows. This study investigates the effect of fine-grain migration on slope failure through flume experiments, focusing on the spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanisms of slope stability. A series of artificial rainfall flume experiments with varying rainfall intensities and slopes were conducted using soil samples collected from Wei Jia Gully. The experiments monitored pore-water pressure, grain migration, and failure sequences. Grain-size distribution parameters (μ and Dc) were analyzed to understand the migration path and accumulation of fine grains. The experiments reveal that fine-grain migration significantly alters soil structure, leading to random blockage and interconnection of internal pore channels. These changes result in fluctuating pore-water pressure distributions and uneven fine-grain accumulation, critical factors in slope stability. Slope failures occur randomly and intermittently, influenced by fine-grain content in runoff and resulting pore-water pressure variations. This study highlights that fine-grain migration plays a vital role in slope stability, with significant implications for predicting and mitigating slope failures. The stochastic nature of fine-grain migration and its impact on soil properties should be incorporated into predictive models to enhance their accuracy and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strong metal-support interaction and its chemical nature was examined over a Ir/TiO2 catalyst, constructed by dispersing 2 nm Ir colloids on the {001} facets of anatase TiO2. Air-calcination of the Ir/TiO2 sample led to the oxidation of Ir particles into IrOx clusters. Upon H2-reduction at 573 K, the IrOx species were reduced into metallic with a prominent character for H2-chemisrption. As further raising the temperature to 673–773 K for H2-reduction, strong metal-support interactions occurred pronouncedly and the amounts of chemically adsorbed hydrogen dropped significantly. Spectroscopic and microscopic analysis found that the formation of surface Ir-Ti alloys on the Ir particles dominated the metal-support interactions, rather than the traditional encapsulation of the metal particles by TiOx overlayers. The surface Ir-Ti alloy, thus formed, promoted the selectivity for hydrogenating the C = O bond in acetophenone by altering the adsorption model of the C = O bond in the substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Winter wheat constitutes approximately 20% of China's total cereal production. However, calculations of total production based on multiplying the planted area by the yield have tended to produce overestimates. In this study, we generated sample points from existing winter wheat maps and obtained samples for different years using a temporal migration method. Random forest classifiers were then constructed using optimized features extracted from spectral and phenological characteristics and elevation information. Maps of the harvested and planted areas of winter wheat in Chinese eight provinces from 2018 to 2022 were then produced. The resulting maps of the harvested areas achieved an overall accuracy of 95.06% verified by the sample points, and the correlation coefficient between the CROPGRIDS dataset is about 0.77. The harvested area was found to be about 13% smaller than the planted area, which can primarily be attributed to meteorological hazards. This study represents the first attempt to map the winter wheat harvested area at 10–m resolution in China, and it should improve the accuracy of yield estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate identification and classification of equipment defects are essential for assessing the health of power equipment and making informed maintenance decisions. Traditional defect classification methods, which rely on subjective manual records and intricate defect descriptions, have proven to be inefficient. Existing approaches often evaluate equipment status solely based on defect grade. To enhance the precision of power equipment defect identification, we developed a multi-label classification dataset by compiling historical defect records. Furthermore, we assessed the performance of 11 established multi-label classification methods on this dataset, encompassing both traditional machine learning and deep learning methods. Experimental results reveal that methods considering label correlations exhibit significant performance advantages. By employing balanced loss functions, we effectively address the challenge of sample imbalance across various categories, thereby enhancing classification accuracy. Additionally, segmenting the power equipment defect classification task, which involves numerous labels, into label recall and ranking stages can substantially improve classification performance. The dataset we have created is available for further research by other scholars in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forest fires have a serious impact on people's living environment. Currently, drones enable rapid detection of forest fires. Due to the limited processing capabilities of onboard drones, the accuracy of smoke detection algorithms is low, and the processing speed is slow. This paper proposes an early wildfire smoke detection system designed for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, leveraging a modified YOLOv7 model, termed YOLOv7-MS(Modified Smoke). A dataset of more than 4,000 wildfire images was curated using existing UAV imagery. Our approach introduces several advancements. First, we propose a novel 3FIoU loss function to enhance stability and expedite convergence during training. Second, we optimize the backbone network by employing the FasterNet technique to reduce the number of parameters and increase the detection speed. Third, we address information loss and quality degradation problems by implementing the Asymptotic Feature Pyramid Network (AFPN) to counter indirect interactions between non-adjacent layers. Finally, we integrate a three-dimensional attention mechanism into the network to enhance focus on the target. Experimental findings showcase the efficacy of our YOLOv7-MS method, achieving a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 79.3% while maintaining a frame rate of 175 fps, outperforming other one-stage object detectors when evaluated on customized image datasets and public datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An aging treatment of 16 h at different temperatures (650-800 °C) was carried out to medium-heavy alloys with 90% deformation degree after room temperature rolling and cryorolling. The effects of the aging temperatures on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the two cold-rolled medium-heavy alloys were studied with tensile testing machine and microhardness tester, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer. The results showed that the aging process was accompanied by static recovery and recrystallization, and the degree of static recrystallization in the cryorolling specimens was severer than that of the specimens rolled at room temperature at the same aging temperature. The precipitation of the Ni4W phase was observed during the aging process, and the number of precipitated phases in the cryorolled specimens was significantly higher than that in those rolled at room temperature, and the grain size was significantly smaller than that in specimens rolled at room temperature. The number of precipitated phases in the two cold-rolled specimens increased and the corresponding size also became larger with the aging temperature increasing. However, the peak aging temperature of the two cold-rolled specimens was different, and the peak aging temperature of the cryorolled specimen (650 °C) was significantly lower than that of the specimen rolled at room temperature (700 °C), and the corresponding mechanical properties were more excellent than those of the specimen rolled at room temperature. The fracture mode of both specimens was mixed ductile-brittle fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited data on the correlation between the perineal body (PB) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are available. The objectives of this study were to quantify the PB using shear wave elastography (SWE) technology with a high-frequency linear array probe to evaluate the relationship between the properties of PB and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). This study included 64 women with SUI and 70 female control participants. The length, height, perimeter, and area of PB in all participants were calculated using transperineal ultrasound, and the elasticity of PB was assessed by SWE at rest and during the maximal Valsalva maneuver, respectively. In addition, the comparison of PB parameters between the patients with SUI and the healthy participants was conducted. The transperineal ultrasound and SWE examination was performed in 134 participants, and the elastic modulus values were significantly increased from participants at rest to those during the maximal Valsalva maneuver in all participants (Emax: 35.59 versus 53.13 kPa, P < 0.001; and Emean: 26.97 versus 40.25 kPa, P < 0.001). Emax and Emean of PB exhibited significant differences during the maximal Valsalva maneuver between the SUI group and the control group (47.73 versus 58.06 kPa, P < 0.001; and 35.78 versus 44.33 kPa, P < 0.001) and had a negative correlation with SUI. The BMI and PB height during the maximal Valsalva maneuver in the SUI group were found to be significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers. Emax and Emean of PB negatively correlated with BMI during the maximal Valsalva maneuver (r = -0.277, P = 0.001 and r = -0.211, P = 0.014). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that PB perimeter of less than 12.68mm was strongly associated with SUI during the maximal Valsalva maneuver, and an Emax of less than 55.76 kPa had a 100% specificity in predicting SUI. SWE can quantify the elasticity of PB, identifying a significant difference between participants at rest and during Valsalva maneuver. In addition, the stiffness of the PB was significantly lower in women with SUI than in healthy women, which may provide a noninvasive clinical practice in SUI prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uncontrolled dendrite growth and volume change of Li metal during cycling lead to a short cycle life and safety concerns for Li-metal batteries, which hinders their practical application. Herein, we report the facile and energy-saving production of a three-dimensional (3D) CuZn matrix decorated with in-situ formed ZnO nano seeds (ZnO NS@3D CuZn) in pores and tunnels, which can serve as an anode current collector for dendrite-free Li-metal batteries. The 3D porous framework reduced the anode current density and accommodated Li volume change during the charge/discharge process. More importantly, the lithiophilic ZnO nano seeds induced fast Li deposition into the pores and tunnels of the 3D structure to effectively confine the deposited Li. As a positive effect, the volume change and Li dendrite growth during cycling are greatly suppressed. The half-cell with the ZnO NS@3D CuZn current collector exhibited a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of above 98% for over 320 and 240 cycles at 0.5 and 1 mA·cm−2, respectively. The Li@ZnO NS@3D CuZn symmetric cell achieves a lifespan of over 1500 h. Moreover, the Li@ZnO NS@3D CuZn∣∣LiFePO4 full cell achieves a superb average CE of 99.4% and a long life of 600 cycles before the capacity retention rate decays to 90%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resin-bonded Al-SiC composite was sintered at 1100, 1300, and 1500°C in the air, the oxidation mechanism was investigated. The reaction models were also established. The oxidation resistance of the Al-SiC composite was significantly enhanced with temperature increase. SiC in the exterior of the composite was partially oxidized slightly, while the transformation of metastable Al4C3 to stable Al4SiC4 existed in the interior. At 1100°C, Al in the interior reacted with residual C to form Al4C3. With increasing to 1300°C, high temperature and low oxygen partial pressure lead to active oxidation of SiC, and internal gas composition transforms to Al2O(g) + CO(g) + SiO(g) as the reaction proceeds. After Al4C3 is formed, CO(g) and SiO(g) are continuously deposited on its surface, transforming to Al4SiC4. At 1500°C, a dense layer consisting of SiC and Al4SiC4 whiskers is formed which cuts off the diffusion channel of oxygen. The active oxidation of SiC is accelerated, enabling more gas to participate in the synthesis of Al4SiC4, eventually forming hexagonal lamellar Al4SiC4 with mutual accumulation between SiC particles. Introducing Al enhances the oxidation resistance of SiC. In addition, the in situ generated non-oxide is uniformly dispersed on a micro-scale and bonds SiC stably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance the thermo-hydraulic performance of cooling channels, this investigation examines the influence of distinct cross-sectional shapes (i.e., triangular, rectangular, and hexagonal) of twisted pin fins and their arrangements in straight and cross rows. An ambient air cooling test platform was established to numerically and experimentally investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of 360° twisted pin fins at Re=15 200–22 800. The findings reveal that straight rows exhibit higher Nu values than cross rows for triangular and rectangular twisted pin fins, and Nu increases with Re. In contrast, for hexagonal twisted pin fins, only straight rows at Re=19 000 exhibit superior overall thermal performance compared to cross rows. Notably, the heat transfer performance of the cooling channel with hexagonal twisted fins surpasses both triangular and rectangular configurations, especially at high Reynolds numbers (Re=22 800). Although the heat transfer coefficient of the cooling channel with hexagonal twisted fins is significantly enhanced by 132.71% compared to the flat channel, it also exhibits the highest thermal resistance and relative friction among the three types of twisted fins, the maximum of which are 2.14 and 16.55. Furthermore, the hydrothermal performance factor (HTPF) of the cooling channels with different types of twisted pin fins depends on the Reynolds number and arrangement modes. At Re=15 200, the highest HTPF achieved for the cross-row hexagonal twisted pin fins is 0.99. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the FIGHT study (NCT03694522) bemarituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody selective for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b), plus mFOLFOX6 showed clinically meaningful efficacy in patients with FGFR2b-positive (2+/3+ membranous staining by immunohistochemistry) locally advanced unresectable/metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal cancer (G/GEJC). A meaningful proportion of patients in FIGHT were enrolled in East Asia, reflecting global epidemiology of G/GEJC. Methods: This subgroup analysis of the global, phase 2, double-blind FIGHT study included all patients enrolled in East Asian sites. Patients were randomized 1:1 to bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 (15 mg/kg and one 7.5 mg/kg dose on cycle 1, day 8) or matching placebo-mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and safety. Efficacy was evaluated after a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Results: The East Asian subgroup comprised 89 patients (57% of overall study population); 45 were randomized to bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 and 44 to placebo-mFOLFOX6. Median PFS (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 12.9 months (8.8–17.9) with bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 and 8.2 months (5.6–10.3) with placebo-mFOLFOX6 (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29–0.87); median OS (95% CI) was 24.7 months (13.8–33.1) vs 12.9 months (9.3–21.4), respectively (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.96). Treatment benefit was more pronounced in patients with FGFR2b-positive G/GEJC in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. No new safety signals were reported. Conclusion: In East Asian patients with FGFR2b-positive advanced/metastatic G/GEJC enrolled in the global FIGHT study, bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 showed clinically meaningful outcomes over placebo-mFOLFOX6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a newly developing method, tool path generation based on vector fields often requires pre-partitioning of the surface, leading to non-smooth paths at the boundaries between surface segments. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel global tool path planning method based on vector fields. Our approach eliminates the need for pre-partitioning of the surface and incorporates considerations to achieve uniform variance of the scallop height while ensuring path smoothness. As a result, our method enables the generation of smooth paths globally while simultaneously achieving length optimality. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, as it achieves both smoothness and length optimality compared to state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) carcinogenesis has gradually been proposed. Herein, we aimed to explore the function and mechanism of circPRRC2C in LSCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used for detecting the content of genes and proteins. In vitro experiments were conducted using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine, colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. The binding between miR-136-5p and circPRRC2C or Homeobox D11 (HOXD11) was confirmed by using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The murine xenograft model was established for in vivo analysis. The commercial kit was used for exosome separation. CircPRRC2C is a stable circRNA, and was highly expressed in LSCC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, circPRRC2C deficiency impaired LSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion but induced cell apoptosis in vitro and impeded tumor growth in vivo, however, circPRRC2C overexpression showed the exact opposite effects. Mechanistically, circPRRC2C directly targeted miR-136-5p, which showed inhibitory effects on the growth and mobility of LSCC cells. Meanwhile, miR-136-5p directly targeted HOXD11, and circPRRC2C/miR-136-5p/HOXD11 formed a feedback loop in LSCC cells. Further rescue assays exhibited that circPRRC2C exerted its effects by miR-136-5p/HOXD11 axis. In addition, circPRRC2C was stably packaged into exosomes and showed potential diagnostic value for LSCC. CircPRRC2C acted as an oncogene to promote LSCC cell oncogenic phenotypes via miR-136-5p/HOXD11 axis, besides, circPRRC2C was stably packaged into exosomes, indicating the potential application of circPRRC2C-targeting agents in the treatment in LSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum canis Bodin Anamorph (M. canis Bodin Anamorph) are the main pathogens of dermatophysis. According to ancient books records, Rumex japonicus Houtt. (RJH) has a miraculous effect on the treatment of dermatophysis. To reveal the anti-fungi (T. rubrum and M. canis Bodin Anamorph) components and its mechanism of the Rumex japonicus Houtt. The vinegar extraction and alcohol precipitation, HPLC and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were employed for analyzing the chemical compositions of RJH; in vitro anti-fungal experiment was investigated including test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), spore germination rate, nucleic acid, protein leakage rate, biofilm structure, and the mechanism of anti-fungal and anti-fungal biofilms in RJH. Seven anthraquinones and their glycoside compounds were obtained in this study respectively, such as chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, emodin, rhein, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucoside. In vitro anti-fungal experiment results showed that RJH extracts have good anti-fungal activity for dermatophytic fungi. Among them, the MIC of the rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin against T. rubrum are 1.9 µg/ml, 3.9 µg/ml and 15.6 µg/ml, respectively; the MIC of emodin and aloe-emodin against M. canis Bodin Anamorph are 7.8 µg/ml and 62.5 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, its active components can inhibit fungal spore germination and the formation of bud tube, change cell membrane permeability, prevent hyphal growth, destroy biofilm structure, and down-regulate the expression of agglutinin-like sequence family 1 of the adhesion phase of biofilm growth. The study shows that RJH play a fungicidal role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Mechanica Sinica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum spectrum. However, an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure perturbation. Here, we report merging acoustic BICs in a single open resonator, robust against the structure perturbation. We find that both symmetry-protected BIC and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a single coupled waveguide-resonator system. By varying the height and length of the resonator, these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a single one at a critical dimension. Compared to an individual BIC, the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to ΔL−4, where ΔL embodies the structure perturbation. The essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two- and three-level approximations of the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Finally, we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator, which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of Fano resonance in the transmission spectra. Our results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources, sensors and filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contour farming technology plays a key role in reducing soil erosion, enhancing water use efficiency, and fostering sustainable agricultural development. Despite being a straightforward yet efficacious farming technique, it has not seen widespread implementation in China. Considering the deteriorating quality of arable lands in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China (BSR-NEC), it is necessary to investigate spatial patterns and identify suitable areas for contour farming in this region. To achieve this objective, spatial autocorrelation and grouping analysis methods were employed to classify the land into four categories of suitability for contour farming: highly suitable, moderately suitable, generally suitable, and unsuitable. The results reveal that: 1) the contour farming suitable area in BSR-NEC covers 89 861.32 km2, accounting for 21.59% of arable land as of 2020. Heilongjiang Province owns the largest suitable area of 32 853.68 km2, and Inner Mongolia has the highest proportion of 28.89%. 2) In terms of the spatial distribution, regions with higher suitability for contour farming are concentrated in the Da Hinggan Mountains region, particularly Nenjiang City (Heilongjiang Province), which has the highest area of 2593.07 km2. Areas with a high proportion of suitable arable lands for contour farming are mainly found in the Da Hinggan Mountains and Changbai Mountains regions, with Ergun City (Inner Mongolia) having the highest proportion at 47.2%. Regions with higher suitability and proportion are concentrated in the Da Hinggan Mountains region, primarily covering the Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang. 3) Regarding spatial clustering, both the area and proportion of suitable contour farming areas exhibit noticeable clustering effects, though not entirely consistent. 4) Group analysis results designate 148 counties in BSR-NEC as highly suitable areas, predominantly located in the Changbai Mountains region, Liaodong Peninsula, Hulun Buir Plateau, and the north and south regions of the Da Hinggan Mountains. The zoning of suitable areas for contour farming in BSR-NEC informs the strategic development of policies and measures, allowing for the implementation of targeted policies in distinct areas suitable for contour farming. This provides a valuable reference for promoting contour farming technology more effectively and efficiently.re effectively and efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]