Search

Objectives: Internet-based self-help Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress (iMIED) program is a newly developed program targeting essential transdiagnostic factors underlying emotional distress, the effects of which have gained initial support in sub-clinical samples. The current study investigated its effects on the underlying mechanisms by examining mindfulness and experiential avoidance as putative mediators. Method: Patients with emotional disorders were recruited online. After interviews, 75 patients were randomly allocated to either iMIED (n = 37) including treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU-only control group (n = 38). Mindfulness, experiential avoidance, and emotional distress (i.e., anxiety, depression, and general emotional distress) were measured before (T0) and after the intervention (T8). During the intervention period, mindfulness was measured weekly (T1–T7); experiential avoidance was measured at Week 2 (T2) and Week 5 (T5). Results: Intention-to-treat 2 × 2 repeated-measures ANOVAs showed that, compared with the TAU-only group, mindfulness, experiential avoidance, and emotional distress significantly improved in the iMIED + TAU group (Cohen's d = 0.53–0.79). Latent growth curve analyses showed that more than half of the improvement in mindfulness and experiential avoidance occurred at T3 and T5, respectively. Serial mediation analyses found that mindfulness at T3 and experiential avoidance at T5 sequentially mediated the effects of the iMIED program on emotional distress. Conclusions: The current study, using a randomized controlled trial with multiple time-point measurements, demonstrated that the iMIED program offers a scalable approach for the management of emotional distress by increasing mindfulness and decreasing experiential avoidance. Preregistration: The current study was preregistered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/, Registration number: ChiCTR2100044480). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anode materials have limited the development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this paper, the novel pomegranate-like mesoporous double carbon-coated Fe2P nanoparticles (Fe2P@C@NC), in which Fe2P is confined in the thin carbon shell derived from phytic acid and then wholly embedded into N-doped carbon network, can be applied as anode materials for SIBs. The elaborated structure presents several prominent merits, such as large specific surface area, pore-volume, excellent electronic conductivity network, and buffering volume expansion. All of these endow the structural integrity of Fe2P@C@NC material with excellent performance during charge–discharge cycles and guarantee speedy electrode reaction kinetics. As SIBs anode, Fe2P@C@NC material delivers an excellent reversible specific capacity of 408 mAh g−1 with almost no decay after the 100th cycles. And it also features excellent rate capability and splendid durability (attenuation rate of 0.05% per cycle with 1000th cycles) at high current density. These results confirm that the unique self-confined growth strategy has a great practical value in synthesizing advanced materials for next-generation energy storage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An "off−on" assay system for H2O2 determination was developed based on assembling ultra-bright fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) and PEG-MnO2 nanosheets. Among them, SiQDs acted as fluorometric reporter, which can effectively eliminate the interference of plant pigments under excitation of 365 nm. PEG-MnO2 nanosheets played dual function of nanoquencher and H2O2 recognizer. Unlike previous reports, the quenching mechanism of SiQDs by PEG-MnO2 nanosheets is attributed to both the associative effect of inner filter effect and the static quenching effect. Thus, the fluorescence intensity of SiQDs at 445 nm decreased with increasing concentration of PEG-MnO2 nanosheets. After addition of H2O2, PEG-MnO2 nanosheets were reduced to Mn2+, consequently resulting in the recovery of the SiQDs fluorescence. Combined with these properties, an off-on fluorescent method was built for determination of H2O2 in plant leaves with high sensitivity and selectivity. The present method has two linear ranges: from 0.05 to 1 μM with a detection limit of 0.09 μM and from 1 to 80 μM with a detection limit of 4.04 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity, but it is suffered from intrinsically poor electronic/ionic conductivity and vast volume expansion/contraction during repeated charge-discharge process. In the present work, we report a spherical C@MoS nanocomposite as a high-performance anode for LIBs. The C@MoS nanocomposite with carbon nanosphere cores and ultrathin MoS nanosheet shells was prepared through an in situ solvothermal reaction, where carbon and MoS were simultaneously formed in one pot. The basal plane of MoS layer is highly parallel to the surface of carbon sphere, constructing a concentric nanostructure. This unique architecture can provide strong and stable interfacial contact between the MoS nanosheets and carbon and thus improve its structural stability and maximize the electrical contact. Owing to the effective combination and synergistic interaction of the two nanoscale phases, the C@MoS nanocomposite exhibited markedly enhanced performance with high rate capability and cycle stability for reversible Li storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design and synthesis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts with desired constituent based on understanding and exploitation of electrocatalytic mechanism is of great significance for applications of hydrochloride acid electrolysis. Herein, strongly coupled hybrid of watermelon-like RhS@C nanospheres has been rationally designed and synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that the rhodium element presents in a mixture phase of metallic Rh and three sulfides, i.e., RhS, RhS and RhS. The ratio of the constituent phases, Rh/RhS/RhS/RhS, is closely related to the synthesis parameter, and the average S/Rh molar ratio increases along with the increasing solvothermal temperature and duration. When assessed as electrocatalysts for ORR in hydrochloric acid, the RhS/C composite with a constituent of 29.1% RhS, 45.8% RhS and 25.1% RhS, where the ORR-active RhS and RhS phases are up to 75%, exhibits the best catalytic activity and stability, even outperforms Pt/C. In contrast, the metallic Rh-involved counterpart suffers from severe degradation in the highly corrosive environment, and the inactive RhS phase-dominant composite is less active toward ORR. Our results may give a new impetus to the rational design of rhodium sulfides with improved performance for hydrochloric acid electrolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new wavelet family for lossless image compression by re-factoring the channel representation of the update-then-predict lifting wavelet, introduced by Claypoole, Davis, Sweldens and Baraniuk, into lifting steps. We name the new wavelet family as invertible update-then-predict integer lifting wavelets (IUPILWs for short). To build IUPILWs, we investigate some central issues such as normalization, invertibility, integer structure, and scaling lifting. The channel representation of the previous update-then-predict lifting wavelet with normalization is given and the invertibility is discussed firstly. To guarantee the invertibility, we re-factor the channel representation into lifting steps. Then the integer structure and scaling lifting of the invertible update-then-predict wavelet are given and the IUPILWs are built. Experiments show that comparing with the integer lifting structure of 5/3 wavelet, 9/7 wavelet, and iDTT, IUPILW results in the lower bit-rates for lossless image compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]