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1. Status quo of operative training in emergency surgery in Germany – results of a survey.

Author: Wachter, N., Güsgen, C., Geis, C., Penzkofer, L.S., Oldhafer, K., Willms, A.G., and Huber, Tobias
Subjects: SURGICAL emergencies, TRAUMA surgery, SURGERY, APPENDECTOMY, OPERATIVE surgery, SURGICAL education, ASSISTANCE in emergencies
Abstract: Background: Emergencies and emergency surgeries are a central part of everyday surgical care in Germany. However, it is unclear how emergency surgery is practically trained in clinics on a daily basis and what training concept is underlying. Therefore, the aim of this survey study was to capture the status quo of emergency surgical training of German general and visceral surgeons. Methods: The members of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery were surveyed online (n = 5281). The questionnaire included demographic data and expertise in surgery and assistance in emergency surgery regarding common emergency surgical operations. In addition, further training measures in emergency surgery and their support by employers were queried. Results: Only complete questionnaires (n = 184, response rate 3.5%) were included in the analysis. Most participants were in training (n = 69; 38%), followed by senior physicians (n = 52; 29%), specialists (n = 31; 17%) and chief physicians (n = 30; 17%). 64% of the participants were employed at university hospitals or maximum care hospitals. Regarding further training opportunities, in-clinic shock room training was most frequently used. Outside of their own clinic, the ATLS course was most frequently mentioned. Operations for cholecystitis and appendicitis as well as emergency stoma procedures are the most common emergency procedures. There was a strong difference in the frequency of operated cases depending on the level of training. For operations to treat acute abdominal traumas (hemostasis of liver and spleen, packing) as well as outside of visceral surgery, only low competence was reported. Over 90% of survey participants consider emergency surgery to be an indispensable core competence. Neither in the old (76%) nor in the new training regulations (47%) is emergency surgery adequately represented according to the participants' assessment. There was a significantly lower prevalence of the "sub-steps concept" in emergency surgery at 38% compared to elective surgery (44%). Important elements of imparting skills in emergency surgery are simulation and courses as well as operative sub-steps, according to the majority of survey participants. Conclusion: The results show that general and visceral surgeons in Germany are introduced to emergency surgery too little structured during further training and at specialist level. The survey participants had, as expected, hardly any experience in emergency surgery outside of visceral surgery but surprisingly also little experience in visceral surgical trauma care. There is a need to discuss the future organization of emergency surgical training. Adequate simulation structures and extracurricular courses could contribute to an improvement in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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2. New Method for Fatigue Characterization via Cyclical Instrumented Indentation Testing.

Author: Santos, L.S. and Bruck, H.A.
Subjects: *MATERIAL fatigue, *MECHANICAL loads, *FATIGUE cracks, *STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), *DIRECT metal laser sintering, *ECCENTRIC loads
Abstract: New materials and structures with complex microstructural distributions are being rapidly developed using advanced manufacturing approaches, such as Additive Manufacturing (AM). For example, it is possible to fabricate metals using AM processes, such as Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), with spatial variations at sub-millimeter scales in textured grain structures, residual porosity, and precipitate morphologies at sub-millimeter scales. This poses new challenges for characterizing the corresponding variation in material behavior, particularly fatigue, for which conventional techniques were not designed. Therefore, new techniques are needed to quickly and accurately quantify these spatial variations. To this end, a method was developed for locally characterizing the fatigue behavior of materials, particularly metals and metal-matrix composites, by extending indentation methods to fatigue characterization using cyclic instrumented testing to measure the localized stiffness, which degrades due to the accumulation of fatigue damage under the indenter. A high frequency electro mechanical load frame equipped with an indenter was used to characterize three different metals: 4340 steel, 9310 steel, and brass. The S-N curve was then generated by applying a linear transformation to convert the measured stiffness to an equivalent alternating stress. The results correlated well with those obtained using conventional fatigue characterization techniques, including capturing the endurance limits. Finite element analysis with fatigue damage modeling was also used to quantify the evolution of stresses near the indenter due to the fatigue damage, while optical microscopy provided validation of the observed accumulation of plastic deformation associated with cyclic indentation loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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3. Metabarcoding the Antarctic Peninsula biodiversity using a multi-gene approach

Author: Fonseca, V.G., Giebner, H., Kirse, A., Vause, B.J., Drago, T., Power, D.M., Peck, L.S., Clark, M.S., Fonseca, V.G., Giebner, H., Kirse, A., Vause, B.J., Drago, T., Power, D.M., Peck, L.S., and Clark, M.S.
Abstract: Marine sediment communities are major contributors to biogeochemical cycling and benthic ecosystem functioning, but they are poorly described, particularly in remote regions such as Antarctica. We analysed patterns and drivers of diversity in metazoan and prokaryotic benthic communities of the Antarctic Peninsula with metabarcoding approaches. Our results show that the combined use of mitochondrial Cox1, and 16S and 18S rRNA gene regions recovered more phyla, from metazoan to non-metazoan groups, and allowed correlation of possible interactions between kingdoms. This higher level of detection revealed dominance by the arthropods and not nematodes in the Antarctic benthos and further eukaryotic diversity was dominated by benthic protists: the world’s largest reservoir of marine diversity. The bacterial family Woeseiaceae was described for the first time in Antarctic sediments. Almost 50% of bacteria and 70% metazoan taxa were unique to each sampled site (high alpha diversity) and harboured unique features for local adaptation (niche-driven). The main abiotic drivers measured, shaping community structure were sediment organic matter, water content and mud. Biotic factors included the nematodes and the highly abundant bacterial fraction, placing protists as a possible bridge for between kingdom interactions. Meiofauna are proposed as sentinels for identifying anthropogenic-induced changes in Antarctic marine sediments.
Published: 2022

4. RNA-viromics reveals diverse communities of soil RNA viruses with the potential to affect grassland ecosystems across multiple trophic levels

Author: Hillary, L.S., Adriaenssens, E.M., Jones, D.L., McDonald, J.E., Hillary, L.S., Adriaenssens, E.M., Jones, D.L., and McDonald, J.E.
Abstract: The distribution and diversity of RNA viruses in soil ecosystems are largely unknown, despite their significant impact on public health, ecosystem functions, and food security. Here, we characterise soil RNA viral communities along an altitudinal productivity gradient of peat, managed grassland and coastal soils. We identified 3462 viral contigs in RNA viromes from purified virus-like-particles in five soil-types and assessed their spatial distribution, phylogenetic diversity and potential host ranges. Soil types exhibited minimal similarity in viral community composition, but with >10-fold more viral contigs shared between managed grassland soils when compared with peat or coastal soils. Phylogenetic analyses predicted soil RNA viral communities are formed from viruses of bacteria, plants, fungi, vertebrates and invertebrates, with only 12% of viral contigs belonging to the bacteria-infecting Leviviricetes class. 11% of viral contigs were found to be most closely related to members of the Ourmiavirus genus, suggesting that members of this clade of plant viruses may be far more widely distributed and diverse than previously thought. These results contrast with soil DNA viromes which are typically dominated by bacteriophages. RNA viral communities, therefore, have the potential to exert influence on inter-kingdom interactions across terrestrial biomes.
Published: 2022

5. Supernova neutrino burst detection with the deep underground neutrino experiment: DUNE Collaboration

Author: M. A. Hernandez Morquecho, Jonas Rademacker, P. De Lurgio, C. A. Ternes, E. T. Worcester, H. Schellman, G. P. Zeller, C. J. Solano Salinas, Mingshui Chen, Andrew White, S. Berkman, André Rubbia, C. Barnes, Joshua Barrow, B. Bhuyan, O. V. Mineev, M. Bishai, Sandip Pakvasa, M. Chalifour, N. Poonthottathil, H. Berns, A. S. Hesam, S. H. Kettell, John Marshall, G. Sirri, Evgueni Goudzovski, M. A. Arroyave, J. Hugon, M. Kirby, D. Brailsford, Laura Paulucci, A. Hourlier, E. Hazen, L. Pasqualini, Christian Farnese, Armin Karcher, D. Smargianaki, Christopher L. Marshall, M. Karolak, H. Mendez, Y.-J. Jwa, Y. Karyotakis, Artur M. Ankowski, B. Morgan, L. Patrizii, Stefan Antusch, Paola Sala, N. Moggi, Claire Shepherd-Themistocleous, G. Mandrioli, M. R. While, A. M. Gago, R. Diurba, J. Berger, Alessandro Menegolli, B. Carlus, D. Boyden, T. Le, G. Christodoulou, L. Hertel, J. S. Díaz, B. Ramson, R. Gandrajula, Akitaka Ariga, Marvin L Marshak, R. Zaki, Ina Sarcevic, Eric W. Hoppe, Manuel Alejandro Segura Delgado, Kam-Biu Luk, M. Tzanov, K. Qi, J. A. B. Coelho, C. Vignoli, C. E. Lane, Giuseppe Benedetto Cerati, N. Bostan, David Delepine, Dave M Newbold, F. Krennrich, C. Mauger, J. Yu, D. Edmunds, P. Novella, K. Zeug, Z. Parsa, L. O. Arnold, Janice L. Thompson, F. Kamiya, K. Kothekar, S. Calvez, A. Chiriacescu, T. Rehak, M. V. Diwan, V. Savinov, P. Melas, T. Safford, E. Tatar, Hui Wang, V. Bellini, C. Alt, B. Abi, W. Flanagan, V. Papadimitriou, G. Zhu, S. Centro, J. J. Russell, W. C. Griffith, H. R. Gallagher, M. A. Uchida, N. Martinez, L. Greenler, Bo Yu, A. V. Waldron, D. J. Payne, C. Gotti, T. Miedema, S. Magill, Deywis Moreno, Utku Kose, Julián Félix, D. MacFarland, K. Gollwitzer, F. Varanini, S. Henry, K. Grzelak, B. Guo, Frank Filthaut, J. Reichenbacher, F. Muheim, Ralf Lehnert, T. A. Bolton, J. Greer, Y. T. Tsai, L. Camilleri, S. Nagu, J. A. Maloney, Z. Vallari, F. Bay, H.E. Rogers, Andrea Dell'Acqua, Y. Cui, P. A. Rodrigues, C. Wret, J. Zuklin, Paul Keener, D. A. Harris, Andrea Zani, Mario Campanelli, M. Newcomer, H. W. Sobel, C. Distefano, Ornella Palamara, M. A. Ramirez Delgado, J. D. Eisch, Riccardo Papaleo, D. Cherdack, Paolo Carniti, Leigh H. Whitehead, Karol Hennessy, S. Söldner-Rembold, P. Fernandez Menendez, J. Han, C. Y. Chi, M. Groh, Jeremy Wolcott, R. LaZur, Yu. Onishchuk, T. Hamernik, L. Pickering, John Evans, A. Weinstein, A. Sitraka, L. Bagby, S. J. Brice, Nicolas Lurkin, E. Raguzin, L. C. J. Rice, H. Carranza, Milos Lokajicek, K. Nishimura, H. S. Budd, C. S. Lin, A. A. Machado, Kevin J. Kelly, D. Sgalaberna, J. M. LoSecco, R. Petti, Y. Xiao, Ionel Lazanu, E. Zhivun, C. McGrew, Marzio Nessi, Chia-Chan Chang, M. Nebot-Guinot, C. Grant, Jaroslaw Pasternak, Z. Djurcic, W. Gu, D. Duchesneau, N. Kazaryan, Kendall Mahn, Jorge Molina, M. Oberling, H. O. Back, S. Sacerdoti, J. Sensenig, C. Montanari, E. Conley, B. Howard, D. M. DeMuth, A. Chatterjee, S. Kohn, F. Drielsma, J. L. Bazo Alba, Jane Nachtman, Y. A. Ramachers, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, R. M. de Almeida, Yasar Onel, V. Zutshi, Sandeep Miryala, Enrique Calvo, V. Radeka, C. Touramanis, S. Manly, P. Hamilton, R. G. Van de Water, J. Hoff, K. V. Tsang, J. Maneira, C. Rubbia, J. Calcutt, K. Warburton, M. Nalbandyan, T. Loew, P. Ding, F. Diaz, R. Hatcher, M. Zhao, A. Olivares Del Campo, F. Cavalier, Joshua R. Klein, Vasundhara Singh, Christopher Brew, Pavel Snopok, Y. Rigaut, Dave Sankey, J. Asaadi, E. Valencia, E. James, Roberto Gutiérrez, J. Pinzino, Rakesh Kumar, Ranjan Dharmapalan, Lynn Wood, S. Narita, R.A. Rameika, R. Illingworth, D. Vargas, Patrick Dunne, A. Bitadze, Yichen Li, A. G. Cocco, C. Andreopoulos, T. Kosc, R. J. Wilson, S. Fuess, E. Cristaldo, H. Razafinime, Alessandro Montanari, B. Zamorano, Warner A. Miller, M. C. Sanchez, Marc Weber, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, A. Izmaylov, C. Morris, Dong Jo Kim, H. Muramatsu, K. Spurgeon, Z. Pavlovic, R. Gran, Claudia Brizzolari, D. Vanegas Forero, S. Biagi, M. Tenti, Alberto Cervelli, M. Roda, F. Terranova, C. Cuesta, J. Marteau, Irakli Lomidze, W. Metcalf, X. Luo, A. Booth, G. Petrillo, N.V. Mokhov, J. Barranco Monarca, Jianbei Liu, Zviad Tsamalaidze, H. da Motta, L. M. Cremaldi, Carl Grace, M. Bonesini, M. Muether, O. G. Miranda, A. N. Khotjantsev, N. Tsverava, R. B. Patterson, T. Young, A. Stuart, M. J. Wilking, D. Redondo, S. R. Mishra, F. Bento Neves, A. Gendotti, A. Himmel, M. Rajaoalisoa, P. Bour, C. Wilkinson, M. Greenwood, F. F. Wilson, Nektarios Benekos, Marco Adinolfi, D. Pugnere, T. Wongjirad, M. A. Vermeulen, Andrew Brandt, E. Bechetoille, S. Roy, A. Delbart, N. J. C. Spooner, J. M. Paley, C. Patrick, Antonio Ereditato, José W. F. Valle, N. Yershov, Renato Potenza, D. Lorca, M. Toups, R. Guenette, E. Pantic, L. Di Giulio, J. Martin-Albo, L. Molina Bueno, M. P. Decowski, Gustaaf Brooijmans, K. Moffat, V. Galymov, Dario Gnani, L. Mualem, S. Tufanli, J. Mills, Irina Mocioiu, D. Mladenov, A. L. Renshaw, C. N. Booth, L. Zambelli, Orlando L. G. Peres, S. Menary, P. C. de Holanda, D. A. Dwyer, S. Prince, J. Haiston, Marco Pallavicini, T. J. Langford, E. Niner, Nikolaos Simos, L. V. Gomez Bermeo, E. Gamberini, Haleh Khani Hadavand, E. Chardonnet, A. Mastbaum, G. Prior, Filippo Resnati, J. Stock, M. Kordosky, F. Andrianala, B. Tapia Oregui, N. Nayak, James Stewart, W. Ketchum, C. A. Moura, J. Spitz, L. Stanco, E. McCluskey, Ihn Sik Seong, L. W. Koerner, J. Franc, B. R. Littlejohn, R. M. Berner, K. Vaziri, A. Marchionni, K. Mason, A. Rafique, Randall P. Johnson, E. Motuk, J. A. Nowak, T. Patzak, M. D. Messier, G. Savage, A. M. Iliescu, Yasaman Farzan, David Cussans, J. Soto-Oton, Alex Reynolds, K. Biery, Yanchu Wang, Konstantinos Manolopoulos, S. Bordoni, James Mueller, William J. Marciano, V. Aushev, W. Fox, G. Pessina, C. M. Sutera, E. Smith, A. D. Marino, J. J. De Vries, S. Shafaq, Olga Mena, S. Ravat, W. Mu, D. Marfatia, C. Hohl, R. Haenni, R. K. Plunkett, P. Cotte, C. Jesús-Valls, J.V. Dawson, F. Azfar, T. Wachala, A. P. Furmanski, Barry King, P.T. Smith, Juraj Bracinik, Andrew Blake, L. Jiang, Kristian Harder, J. Hewes, D. Newhart, A. J. Roeth, R. Acciarri, A. Borkum, N. McConkey, R. Mazza, Keith Rielage, J. G. Boissevain, J. Smolik, A. McNab, Stephen P. Gent, C. Castromonte, G. Vasseur, G. Lehmann Miotto, N. Dokania, Paolo Calafiura, Q. David, C. S. Mishra, Vlastimil Kus, Seodong Shin, M. Santos-Maldonado, S. Li, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Laura Dominé, Silvia Pascoli, Kim Siyeon, J. Zalesak, Gabriella Carini, Thorsten Lux, M. Dabrowski, Pedro A. N. Machado, T. Alion, A. Scarff, L. Corwin, L. Simard, S. L. Mufson, L. Pagani, J. Rodriguez Rondon, Alec Habig, Sandro Palestini, P. N. Ratoff, Timothy M. Shaw, D. Braga, S. Di Domizio, G. Meng, C. Petta, T. Kutter, Matheus Hostert, S. Murphy, R. Bajou, R. Northrop, V. J. Guarino, A. Joglekar, Marco Verzocchi, L. S. Gomez Fajardo, K. S. McFarland, C. T. Macias, Jürgen Pozimski, R. Raboanary, F. Sergiampietri, P. Schlabach, Z. Ahmad, Rex Tayloe, F. Marinho, F. Barao, Jianming Bian, D. Autiero, Poonam Mehta, C. Backhouse, Stephen J. Parke, J. Perry, T. Schaffer, B. Russell, K. Herner, R. Van Berg, J. Chaves, Francesco Gonnella, B. Paulos, N. Solomey, Laura Manenti, R. Sipos, S. Matsuno, Z. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, J. K. Nelson, Hem Raj Sharma, Karol Lang, S. Bertolucci, Piera Sapienza, M. Shamma, A. Lambert, N. P. Samios, Andrew Smith, M. Manrique Plata, J. Bremer, C. K. Jung, G. Yang, I. Kreslo, Kyung-Suk Cho, A. Sousa, J. Urheim, D. Montanari, Giorgio Riccobene, A. Heavey, Grzegorz Deptuch, Stephen Hillier, M. Gold, Sergei Striganov, G. Brunetti, M. Vagins, T. Yang, A. Rappoldi, S. Ventura, S. Dennis, J. Ahmed, Narendra Sahu, Yi Chen, S. P. Kasetti, M. Betancourt, E. Pennacchio, Y. Penichot, K. Francis, F. Cavanna, Chao Zhang, A. Muir, A. Mazzacane, P. P. Koller, D. Whittington, N. Gallice, Wei Wu, G. Karagiorgi, F. W. Sippach, T. Li, F. Bonini, S. J. Patton, E. Church, M. Parvu, James A. Anderson, V. A. Kostelecký, S. Gao, D. Garcia-Gamez, V. Paolone, V. Pec, J. Pillow, S. Vergani, P. Vahle, G. A. Horton-Smith, C. Lastoria, E. Ewart, Claire David, D. Naples, I. Rakhno, Kazuhiro Terao, A. Paudel, V. Basque, G. S. Varner, M. H. Shaevitz, N. Barros, I. Caro Terrazas, R. Itay, Simon Lin, K. Wood, H. Duyang, H. Meyer, Katsuya Yonehara, S. Bolognesi, J. L. Raaf, J. Singh, V. A. Kudryavtsev, J. Wang, E. Kearns, A. C. Ezeribe, D. Belver, S. Zucchelli, S. Gollapinni, C. Sarasty, A. de Gouvea, Rukmani Mohanta, S. Martynenko, D. Shooltz, A. Schukraft, Andrew Norman, T. E. Coan, A. Lister, G. S. Davies, I. De Bonis, R. S. Fitzpatrick, B. Radics, Alan Watson, M. Spanu, Xiaolu Ji, L. Di Noto, A. M. Szelc, Alessandro Thea, K. Lande, E. D. Zimmerman, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Mafalda Dias, M. Wetstein, Ph. Lebrun, A. Christensen, S. Gwon, Matthew L Strait, L. Da Silva Peres, O. Goodwin, Jitendra Kumar, A. Gallego-Ros, M. Zito, G. Barenboim, N. Buchanan, S. Pordes, P. Weatherly, K. K. Guthikonda, James John Brooke, N. Mauri, A. Lawrence, Michael Mulhearn, I. K. Furic, M. M. Khabibullin, G. Testera, A. M. Teklu, John Matthews, A. Olivier, E. Blucher, L. Rakotondravohitra, B. Stillwell, M. Wallbank, S. B. Boyd, Matthew Mewes, Kai Loo, J. Trevor, W. E. Sondheim, Nikolina Ilic, T. Hill, M. O. Wascko, C. E. Tull, I. Kadenko, D. Waters, S. Prakash, D. Ruterbories, Antonino Sergi, S. Childress, T. Miao, A. Verdugo, D. Wenman, S. C. Timm, Y. Bezawada, R. Sharma, M. Biassoni, D. Pershey, V. P. Luzio, R. Saakyan, R. Nandakumar, E. Kemp, Aldo Penzo, R. J. Nichol, P. Guzowski, M. Eads, S. Rosauro-Alcaraz, M. Sorel, D. Totani, Sandhya Choubey, Burak Bilki, Christopher J. Milne, J. C. Freeman, Kaushik De, Jordan Ott, Niki Saoulidou, A. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Mefodiev, V. N. Solovov, A. Holin, Gareth J. Barker, C. Cattadori, Patrick Green, R. Howell, M. Soderberg, A. C. Weber, X. Pons, J. G. Learned, T. Stokes, M. J. Dolinski, L. Montaño Zetina, M. J. Rodriguez Alonso, M. A. Acero, Yu. Kudenko, L. Li, J. Fowler, J. A. Musser, M. Leyton, M. E. Convery, D. Gratieri, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, S. Balasubramanian, G. A. Valdiviesso, E. Brianne, C. Mossey, Kenneth Long, F. Pietropaolo, Raj Gandhi, T. Hasegawa, Giovanni Bellettini, M. Bhattacharjee, E. Granados, T. Lord, L. Zazueta, Alexander Deisting, B. Rebel, S. Green, Mathieu Bongrand, B. Behera, S. Emery, E. Mazzucato, H. Y. Liao, M. Masud, Amelia Maio, W. C. Louis, J. Freestone, D. Rivera, A. Surdo, S. Kasai, M. Worcester, H. S. Chen, George Adamov, A. Guglielmi, D. Franco, Joleen Pater, S. J. M. Peeters, K. Koehler, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. C. Goodman, G. Ge, Alexander Tapper, Thomas Strauss, D. C. Christian, Gregory Iles, A. Friedland, K. M. Heeger, K. Mavrokoridis, P. Lasorak, Srubabati Goswami, Z. Williams, S. Rescia, Andrés Castillo, David H. Adams, S. Santana, C. Mariani, D. A. Sanders, Carlos Escobar, R. A. Gomes, E. Gramellini, G. C. Blazey, J. Vasel, T. Durkin, H. Y. Wei, Alexandru Jipa, Olga Beltramello, M. Soares Nunes, J. A. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. T. Haigh, L.S. Rochester, L. Escudero Sanchez, Ara Ioannisian, T. L. Usher, H. T. Rakotondramanana, H. A. Tanaka, Marcelo M. Guzzo, P. Baesso, C. Kuruppu, T. R. Junk, A. Maddalena, M. Antonova, F. Spagliardi, John F. Beacom, Janet Conrad, T. Boschi, B. Kirby, A. Bross, A. Caminata, D. Warner, J. Rout, C. E. Thorn, Steven Gardiner, P. Madigan, B. Gelli, Gregory J. Michna, D. Douglas, I. L. De Icaza Astiz, D. Gibin, A. Mann, P. de Jong, B. T. Fleming, F. D. M. Blaszczyk, R. Poling, K. Negishi, M. Pozzato, M. Stancari, Francesco Tortorici, J. Nesbit, Kate Scholberg, O. Gogota, A. Tonazzo, M. P. Andrews, Simon Jones, John Heise, A. F. Moor, Daniel Gastler, J. Moon, P. E. L. Clarke, C. Palomares, M. Potekhin, J. Hartnell, B. Viren, D. J. Summers, L. Cremonesi, L. Fields, J. R. Macier, R. Milincic, P. Bernardini, Robert Shrock, J. Zennamo, Lina Necib, J. Migenda, L. Suter, A. Laundrie, B. Szczerbinska, Enrique Fernandez-Martinez, R. Flight, J. Mousseau, H. Vieira de Souza, P. Debbins, J. Sinclair, Matthaeus Leitner, K. Fahey, F. Ferraro, Bindu A. Bambah, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, J. S. Real, A. De Roeck, M. Calin, L. Kashur, A. Scaramelli, M. Mellinato, F. Jediny, C. J. Densham, D. W. Schmitz, F. Piastra, H. Steiner, S. Lockwitz, Sudarshan Paramesvaran, C. Bromberg, G. Sinev, Massimo Rossella, Jack Fried, C. Girerd, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, Alastair Grant, A. K. Giri, S. Davini, R. L. Talaga, Shu Li, F. Stocker, T. Gamble, R.J. Staley, R. Cross, J. J. Grudzinski, M. Torti, M. Tortola, B. Jargowsky, S. Tariq, I. Gil-Botella, Gregory J Pawloski, T. Prakash, Arsen Khvedelidze, A.S. Dyshkant, M. Reggiani-Guzzo, M. Á. García-Peris, Wayne A. Barkhouse, A. Mislivec, A. Filkins, Cari L. Johnson, M. Kabirnezhad, Pierre Baldi, M. Mooney, E. Tyley, A. Hahn, G.L. Raselli, G.D. Barr, Junwei Huang, V. De Romeri, A. Cervera Villanueva, Robert Svoboda, A. Falcone, M. Rai, A. Scarpelli, A. C. Kaboth, T. Vrba, D. Caratelli, L. Bellantoni, A. Hackenburg, D. Caiulo, S. Andringa, A. Papanestis, A. Aurisano, A. Norrick, B. J. P. Jones, C. Vilela, J. J. Back, Sergey A. Kulagin, A. Bashyal, Beatriz B. Siffert, Sofia Vallecorsa, K. E. Duffy, M. T. Graham, E. Segreto, Xin Qian, T. A. Mohayai, O.V. Dvornikov, V. Susic, S. D. Reitzner, M. B. Smy, K. Soustruznik, A. Higuera, Diana Navas-Nicolas, S. Jiménez, R. Zwaska, J. Maricic, Abi B., Acciarri R., Acero M.A., Adamov G., Adams D., Adinolfi M., Ahmad Z., Ahmed J., Alion T., Alonso Monsalve S., Alt C., Anderson J., Andreopoulos C., Andrews M.P., Andrianala F., Andringa S., Ankowski A., Antonova M., Antusch S., Aranda-Fernandez A., Ariga A., Arnold L.O., Arroyave M.A., Asaadi J., Aurisano A., Aushev V., Autiero D., Azfar F., Back H., Back J.J., Backhouse C., Baesso P., Bagby L., Bajou R., Balasubramanian S., Baldi P., Bambah B., Barao F., Barenboim G., Barker G.J., Barkhouse W., Barnes C., Barr G., Barranco Monarca J., Barros N., Barrow J.L., Bashyal A., Basque V., Bay F., Alba J.L.B., Beacom J.F., Bechetoille E., Behera B., Bellantoni L., Bellettini G., Bellini V., Beltramello O., Belver D., Benekos N., Bento Neves F., Berger J., Berkman S., Bernardini P., Berner R.M., Berns H., Bertolucci S., Betancourt M., Bezawada Y., Bhattacharjee M., Bhuyan B., Biagi S., Bian J., Biassoni M., Biery K., Bilki B., Bishai M., Bitadze A., Blake A., Blanco Siffert B., 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A., Karolak M., Karyotakis Y., Kasai S., Kasetti S.P., Kashur L., Kazaryan N., Kearns E., Keener P., Kelly K.J., Kemp E., Ketchum W., Kettell S.H., Khabibullin M., Khotjantsev A., Khvedelidze A., Kim D., King B., Kirby B., Kirby M., Klein J., Koehler K., Koerner L.W., Kohn S., Koller P.P., Kordosky M., Kosc T., Kose U., Kostelecky V.A., Kothekar K., Krennrich F., Kreslo I., Kudenko Y., Kudryavtsev V.A., Kulagin S., Kumar J., Kumar R., Kuruppu C., Kus V., Kutter T., Lambert A., Lande K., Lane C.E., Lang K., Langford T., Lasorak P., Last D., Lastoria C., Laundrie A., Lawrence A., Lazanu I., LaZur R., Le T., Learned J., LeBrun P., Lehmann Miotto G., Lehnert R., Leigui de Oliveira M.A., Leitner M., Leyton M., Li L., Li S., Li S.W., Li T., Li Y., Liao H., Lin C.S., Lin S., Lister A., Littlejohn B.R., Liu J., Lockwitz S., Loew T., Lokajicek M., Lomidze I., Long K., Loo K., Lorca D., Lord T., LoSecco J.M., Louis W.C., Luk K.B., Luo X., Lurkin N., Lux T., Luzio V.P., MacFarland D., Machado 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Peeters, S, Penichot, Y, Pennacchio, E, Penzo, A, Peres, O, Perry, J, Pershey, D, Pessina, G, Petrillo, G, Petta, C, Petti, R, Piastra, F, Pickering, L, Pietropaolo, F, Pillow, J, Pinzino, J, Plunkett, R, Poling, R, Pons, X, Poonthottathil, N, Pordes, S, Potekhin, M, Potenza, R, Potukuchi, B, Pozimski, J, Pozzato, M, Prakash, S, Prakash, T, Prince, S, Prior, G, Pugnere, D, Qi, K, Qian, X, Raaf, J, Raboanary, R, Radeka, V, Rademacker, J, Radics, B, Rafique, A, Raguzin, E, Rai, M, Rajaoalisoa, M, Rakhno, I, Rakotondramanana, H, Rakotondravohitra, L, Ramachers, Y, Rameika, R, Ramirez Delgado, M, Ramson, B, Rappoldi, A, Raselli, G, Ratoff, P, Ravat, S, Razafinime, H, Real, J, Rebel, B, Redondo, D, Reggiani-Guzzo, M, Rehak, T, Reichenbacher, J, Reitzner, S, Renshaw, A, Rescia, S, Resnati, F, Reynolds, A, Riccobene, G, Rice, L, Rielage, K, Rigaut, Y, Rivera, D, Rochester, L, Roda, M, Rodrigues, P, Rodriguez Alonso, M, Rodriguez Rondon, J, Roeth, A, Rogers, H, Rosauro-Alcaraz, S, Rossella, M, Rout, J, Roy, S, Rubbia, A, Rubbia, C, Russell, B, Russell, J, Ruterbories, D, Saakyan, R, Sacerdoti, S, Safford, T, Sahu, N, Sala, P, Samios, N, Sanchez, M, Sanders, D, Sankey, D, Santana, S, Santos-Maldonado, M, Saoulidou, N, Sapienza, P, Sarasty, C, Sarcevic, I, Savage, G, Savinov, V, Scaramelli, A, Scarff, A, Scarpelli, A, Schaffer, T, Schellman, H, Schlabach, P, Schmitz, D, Scholberg, K, Schukraft, A, Segreto, E, Sensenig, J, Seong, I, Sergi, A, Sergiampietri, F, Sgalaberna, D, Shaevitz, M, Shafaq, S, Shamma, M, Sharma, H, Sharma, R, Shaw, T, Shepherd-Themistocleous, C, Shin, S, Shooltz, D, Shrock, R, Simard, L, Simos, N, Sinclair, J, Sinev, G, Singh, J, Singh, V, Sipos, R, Sippach, F, Sirri, G, Sitraka, A, Siyeon, K, Smargianaki, D, Smith, A, Smith, E, Smith, P, Smolik, J, Smy, M, Snopok, P, Soares Nunes, M, Sobel, H, Soderberg, M, Solano Salinas, C, Soldner-Rembold, S, Solomey, N, Solovov, V, Sondheim, W, Sorel, M, Soto-Oton, J, Sousa, A, Soustruznik, K, Spagliardi, F, Spanu, M, Spitz, J, Spooner, N, Spurgeon, K, Staley, R, Stancari, M, Stanco, L, Steiner, H, Stewart, J, Stillwell, B, Stock, J, Stocker, F, Stokes, T, Strait, M, Strauss, T, Striganov, S, Stuart, A, Summers, D, Surdo, A, Susic, V, Suter, L, Sutera, C, Svoboda, R, Szczerbinska, B, Szelc, A, Talaga, R, Tanaka, H, Tapia Oregui, B, Tapper, A, Tariq, S, Tatar, E, Tayloe, R, Teklu, A, Tenti, M, Terao, K, Ternes, C, Terranova, F, Testera, G, Thea, A, Thompson, J, Thorn, C, Timm, S, Tonazzo, A, Torti, M, Tortola, M, Tortorici, F, Totani, D, Toups, M, Touramanis, C, Trevor, J, Trzaska, W, Tsai, Y, Tsamalaidze, Z, Tsang, K, Tsverava, N, Tufanli, S, Tull, C, Tyley, E, Tzanov, M, Uchida, M, Urheim, J, Usher, T, Vagins, M, Vahle, P, Valdiviesso, G, Valencia, E, Vallari, Z, Valle, J, Vallecorsa, S, Van Berg, R, Van de Water, R, Vanegas Forero, D, Varanini, F, Vargas, D, Varner, G, Vasel, J, Vasseur, G, Vaziri, K, Ventura, S, Verdugo, A, Vergani, S, Vermeulen, M, Verzocchi, M, Vieira de Souza, H, Vignoli, C, Vilela, C, Viren, B, Vrba, T, Wachala, T, Waldron, A, Wallbank, M, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Warburton, K, Warner, D, Wascko, M, Waters, D, Watson, A, Weatherly, P, Weber, A, Weber, M, Wei, H, Weinstein, A, Wenman, D, Wetstein, M, While, M, White, A, Whitehead, L, Whittington, D, Wilking, M, Wilkinson, C, Williams, Z, Wilson, F, Wilson, R, Wolcott, J, Wongjirad, T, Wood, K, Wood, L, Worcester, E, Worcester, M, Wret, C, Wu, W, Xiao, Y, Yang, G, Yang, T, Yershov, N, Yonehara, K, Young, T, Yu, B, Yu, J, Zaki, R, Zalesak, J, Zambelli, L, Zamorano, B, Zani, A, Zazueta, L, Zeller, G, Zennamo, J, Zeug, K, Zhang, C, Zhao, M, Zhivun, E, Zhu, G, Zimmerman, E, Zito, M, Zucchelli, S, Zuklin, J, Zutshi, V, and Zwaska, R
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Neutrino experiment, 0103 physical sciences, Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Supernova, Neutrino, Physics, Time projection chamber, Neutrino, LAr TPC, Accretion (meteorology), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Galaxy, Supernova, Neutrino detector, Computer Science::Mathematical Software, Liquid argon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract: This document was prepared by the DUNE collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. This work was supported by CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPEG and FAPESP, Brazil; CFI, IPP and NSERC, Canada;CERN;MŠMT,Czech Republic; ERDF, H2020-EU and MSCA, European Union; CNRS/IN2P3 and CEA, France; INFN, Italy; FCT, Portugal; NRF, South Korea; CAM, Fundación “La Caixa” and MICINN, Spain; SERI and SNSF, Switzerland; TÜB˙ITAK, Turkey; The Royal Society and UKRI/STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231., Data Availability Statement This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: This manuscript describes sensitivity studies for the DUNE experiment using simulation only, and as such there are no experimental data to report.], The deep underground neutrino experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE’s ability to constrain the νe spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered., Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives CEA, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo FAPESP, U.S. Department of Energy DE-AC02-05CH11231 USDOE, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro FAPERJ, Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy MŠMT, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia FCT, Royal Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MICINN, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada NSERC, UK Research and Innovation UKRI, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico CNPq, National Research Foundation of Korea NRF, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules IN2P3, H2020-EU, European Commission EC, European Regional Development Fund ERDF, TÜBİTAK, CERN, U.S. Department of Energy USDOE, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás FAPEG, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Atlanta MSCA, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung SNF, Singapore Eye Research Institute SERI, Fermi Research Alliance, LLC DE-AC02-07CH11359, National Science Foundation NSF, Science and Technology Facilities Council STFC
Published: 2021
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6. Application of Methane and Micro Silica for Silicon Carbide Synthesis.

Author: Abdurakhmanov, B.M., Kurbanov, M.Sh., Nuraliev, U.M., and Andriyko, L.S.
Subjects: SILICON carbide, PETROLEUM waste, SILICA, PETROLEUM coke, METAL inclusions, COKE (Coal product)
Abstract: A new direction in silicon carbide synthesis technology, which meets resource conservation requirements, is using large-tonnage artificial waste. Highly dispersed silicon carbide (SiC) powders were synthesized using microsilica as a silicon-based raw material. It is a finely dispersed, artificial waste from the production of metallurgical silicon and ferrosilicon and carbonaceous reducing agents containing natural gas, consisting of 94% of methane (CH4(g)) and fine wastes of oil coke (Cpc(s)). The latter is formed at the blending stage in silicon or ferroalloys production. Silicon carbide was synthesized in a resistance furnace at temperatures of 1600–1900°C. We have designed a special device to supply a part of the carbonaceous reducing agent in a gaseous state to the reaction zone of the furnace. Its design made it possible to realize the CH4 carbon and hydrogen dissociation on the feed route to the resistance furnace. Experiments were carried out by varying the proportion of methane in the composition of the total carbonaceous reducing agent (petroleum coke and methane) to determine the optimal synthesis conditions and achieve the maximum yield of SiC. While maintaining the total amount of carbonaceous reducing agent required by the stoichiometric ratio to reduce silicon with carbon, the proportion of CH4(g) increased from 0.15 to 0.60 of the total amount of carbon, and Cpc(s) decreased from 0.85 to 0.40, respectively. It is shown that lowering the petroleum coke proportion to 40% due to methane does not reduce the yield and quality of synthesized silicon carbide. Analysis of the chemical composition of the synthesized powders demonstrates the relatively high yield of silicon carbide, that is 69.2–72.8 wt.%, and the maximum value is reached at CH4(g) = 0.30 and Cc(s) = 0.70. The share of other impurities is free carbon (21.6–25.3 wt.%); silicon (0.8–1.3 wt.%) and impurities of metal oxides (1.8–3.4 wt.%). Electron microscopy found that the size of the synthesized particles ranges from several tens of nanometers to several hundred microns. The bulk of the particles has a dimension of fewer than 100 μm. Micro- and nanopowders of silicon carbide synthesized in this way belong to the 4H, 6H, and 3C polytypes confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The proposed silicon carbide synthesis method will reduce production costs and open prospects for controlled regulation of this product's properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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7. Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2020

Author: Neale, R.E., Barnes, P.W., Robson, T.M., Neale, P.J., Williamson, C.E., Zepp, R.G., Wilson, S.R., Madronich, S., Andrady, A.L., Heikkilä, A.M., Bernhard, G.H., Bais, A.F., Aucamp, P.J., Banaszak, A.T., Bornman, J.F., Bruckman, L.S., Byrne, S.N., Foereid, B., Häder, D-P, Hollestein, L.M., Hou, W-C, Hylander, S., Jansen, M.A.K., Klekociuk, A.R., Liley, J.B., Longstreth, J., Lucas, R.M., Martinez-Abaigar, J., McNeill, K., Olsen, C.M., Pandey, K.K., Rhodes, L.E., Robinson, S.A., Rose, K.C., Schikowski, T., Solomon, K.R., Sulzberger, B., Ukpebor, J.E., Wang, Q-W, Wängberg, S-Å, White, C.C., Yazar, S., Young, A.R., Young, P.J., Zhu, L., Zhu, M., Neale, R.E., Barnes, P.W., Robson, T.M., Neale, P.J., Williamson, C.E., Zepp, R.G., Wilson, S.R., Madronich, S., Andrady, A.L., Heikkilä, A.M., Bernhard, G.H., Bais, A.F., Aucamp, P.J., Banaszak, A.T., Bornman, J.F., Bruckman, L.S., Byrne, S.N., Foereid, B., Häder, D-P, Hollestein, L.M., Hou, W-C, Hylander, S., Jansen, M.A.K., Klekociuk, A.R., Liley, J.B., Longstreth, J., Lucas, R.M., Martinez-Abaigar, J., McNeill, K., Olsen, C.M., Pandey, K.K., Rhodes, L.E., Robinson, S.A., Rose, K.C., Schikowski, T., Solomon, K.R., Sulzberger, B., Ukpebor, J.E., Wang, Q-W, Wängberg, S-Å, White, C.C., Yazar, S., Young, A.R., Young, P.J., Zhu, L., and Zhu, M.
Abstract: This assessment by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) provides the latest scientific update since our most recent comprehensive assessment (Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 2019, 18, 595–828). The interactive effects between the stratospheric ozone layer, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and climate change are presented within the framework of the Montreal Protocol and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We address how these global environmental changes affect the atmosphere and air quality; human health; terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; and materials used in outdoor construction, solar energy technologies, and fabrics. In many cases, there is a growing influence from changes in seasonality and extreme events due to climate change. Additionally, we assess the transmission and environmental effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of linkages with solar UV radiation and the Montreal Protocol.
Published: 2021

8. Ventilatory control instability as a predictor of persistent periodic breathing in preterm infants.

Author: Siriwardhana L.S., Yee A.K., Mann D.L., Dawadi S., Nixon G.M., Wong F.Y., Edwards B.A., Horne R.S.C., Siriwardhana L.S., Yee A.K., Mann D.L., Dawadi S., Nixon G.M., Wong F.Y., Edwards B.A., and Horne R.S.C.
Abstract: Background: Periodic breathing (PB) is common in preterm infants. We aimed to characterize the contribution of ventilatory control instability to the presence and persistence of PB longitudinally. Method(s): Infants born between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation were studied using daytime polysomnography at: 32-36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) (N = 32), 36-40 weeks PMA (N = 20), 3 months corrected age (CA) (N = 18) and 6 months CA (N = 19). Loop gain, a measure of sensitivity of the ventilatory control system, was estimated by fitting a mathematical model to ventilatory patterns associated with spontaneous sighs. Result(s): The time spent in PB decreased from 32-36 weeks PMA to 6 months CA (P = 0.005). Across all studies, studies with PB (N = 62) were associated with higher loop gain compared to those without PB (N = 23) (estimated marginal mean +/- SEM: 0.445 +/- 0.01 vs 0.388 +/- 0.02; P = 0.020). A threshold of loop gain >0.415 (measured at 32-36 weeks PMA) provided a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 75% to detect the presence of PB at 6 months CA. Conclusion(s): The course of PB in preterm infants is related to changes in loop gain. Higher loop gain at 32-36 weeks PMA was associated with a greater risk of persistent PB at 6 months CA. Impact: The developmental trajectory of periodic breathing and its relationship to ventilatory control instability is currently unclear.Unstable ventilatory control is a determinant of periodic breathing in preterm infants up to 6 months corrected age.Infants who display greater ventilatory control instability at 32-36 weeks postmenstrual age may be at increased risk of persistent periodic breathing at 6 months corrected age.Assessment of ventilatory control stability may assist in the early identification of infants at risk of persistent periodic breathing and its potential adverse effects.Copyright © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.
Published: 2021

9. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses.

Author: Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., Houghton R., Friedlander M., Russell P., Links M., Grygiel J., Hill J., Byth K., Jaworski R., Harnett P., Wain G., Ward B., Papadimos D., Crandon A., Cummings M., Horwood K., Obermair A., Perrin L., Wyld D., Nicklin J., Davy M., Oehler M.K., Hall C., Dodd T., Healy T., Pittman K., Henderson D., Miller J., Pierdes J., Blomfield P., Challis D., McIntosh R., Parker A., Brown B., Rome R., Allen D., Grant P., Hyde S., Laurie R., Robbie M., Healy D., Jobling T., Manolitsas T., McNealage J., Rogers P., Susil B., Sumithran E., Simpson I., Phillips K., Rischin D., Fox S., Johnson D., Lade S., Loughrey M., O'Callaghan N., Murray W., Waring P., Billson V., Pyman J., Neesham D., Quinn M., Underhill C., Bell R., Ng L.F., Blum R., Ganju V., Hammond I., Leung Y., McCartney A., Buck M., Haviv I., Purdie D., Whiteman D., Zeps N., Kaufmann S., Meagher N.S., Ramus S.J., Campbell I., Cheasley D., Wakefield M.J., Ryland G.L., Allan P.E., Alsop K., Ananda S., Anglesio M.S., Au-Yeung G., Bohm M., Bowtell D.D.L., Brand A., Chenevix-Trench G., Christie M., Chiew Y.-E., Churchman M., DeFazio A., Dudley R., Fairweather N., Fereday S., Fox S.B., Gilks C.B., Gourley C., Hacker N.F., Hadley A.M., Hendley J., Ho G.-Y., Huntsman D.G., Hunter S.M., Jobling T.W., Kalli K.R., Kaufmann S.H., Kennedy C.J., Kobel M., Le Page C., McNally O.M., McAlpine J.N., Mileshkin L., Jan Pyman, Rahimi K., Samimi G., Sharma R., Stephens A.N., Traficante N., Antill Y.C., Scott C.L., Campbell I.G., Gorringe K.L., Kang E.Y., LePage C., da Cunha Torres M., Rowley S., Salazar C., Xing Z., Allan P., Mes-Masson A.-M., Provencher D.M., Kelemen L.E., Fasching P.A., Doherty J.A., Goodman M.T., Goode E.L., Deen S., Pharoah P.D.P., Brenton J.D., Sieh W., Mateoiu C., Sundfeldt K., Cook L.S., Le N.D., Bowtell D., Green A., Webb P., Gertig D., Moore S., Hung J., Harrap K., Sadkowsky T., Pandeya N., Malt M., Mellon A., Robertson R., Bergh T.V., Jones M., Mackenzie P., Maidens J., Nattress K., Chiew Y.E., Stenlake A., Sullivan H., Alexander B., Ashover P., Brown S., Corrish T., Green L., Jackman L., Ferguson K., Martin K., Martyn A., Ranieri B., White J., Jayde V., Mamers P., Bowes L., Galletta L., Giles D., Schmidt T., Shirley H., Ball C., Young C., Viduka S., Tran H., Bilic S., Glavinas L., Brooks J., Stuart-Harris R., Kirsten F., Rutovitz J., Clingan P., Glasgow A., Proietto A., Braye S., Otton G., Shannon J., Bonaventura T., Stewart J., Begbie S., Bell D., Baron-Hay S., Ferrier A., Gard G., Nevell D., Pavlakis N., Valmadre S., Young B., Camaris C., Crouch R., Edwards L., Hacker N., Marsden D., Robertson G., Beale P., Beith J., Carter J., Dalrymple C., and Houghton R.
Abstract: TP53 mutations are implicated in the progression of mucinous borderline tumors (MBOT) to mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC). Optimized immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TP53 has been established as a proxy for the TP53 mutation status in other ovarian tumor types. We aimed to confirm the ability of TP53 IHC to predict TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors and to evaluate the association of TP53 mutation status with survival among patients with MBOT and MOC. Tumor tissue from an initial cohort of 113 women with MBOT/MOC was stained with optimized IHC for TP53 using tissue microarrays (75.2%) or full sections (24.8%) and interpreted using established criteria as normal or abnormal (overexpression, complete absence, or cytoplasmic). Cases were considered concordant if abnormal IHC staining predicted deleterious TP53 mutations. Discordant tissue microarray cases were re-evaluated on full sections and interpretational criteria were refined. The initial cohort was expanded to a total of 165 MBOT and 424 MOC for the examination of the association of survival with TP53 mutation status, assessed either by TP53 IHC and/or sequencing. Initially, 82/113 (72.6%) cases were concordant using the established criteria. Refined criteria for overexpression to account for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation improved concordance to 93.8% (106/113). In the expanded cohort, 19.4% (32/165) of MBOT showed evidence for TP53 mutation and this was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, disease-specific death, and all-cause mortality (overall survival: HR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.3, p = 0.0087). Within MOC, 61.1% (259/424) harbored a TP53 mutation, but this was not associated with survival (overall survival, p = 0.77). TP53 IHC is an accurate proxy for TP53 mutation status with refined interpretation criteria accounting for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation in ovarian mucinous tumors. TP53 mutation status is an important biomarker to identify MB
Published: 2021

10. CD40L membrane retention enhances the immunostimulatory effects of CD40 ligation

Author: Elmetwali, T., Salman, A., Wei, W., Hussain, S.A., Young, L.S., and Palmer, D.H.
Subjects: hemic and immune systems
Abstract: In carcinomas, the nature of CD40 ligand shapes the outcome of CD40 ligation. To date, the consequences of membrane-bound CD40L (mCD40L) on its immune-stimulatory function are unknown. Here, we examined the impact of mCD40L versus soluble CD40L (sCD40L) on T24 bladder carcinoma gene expression profiling. Of 410 differentially expressed genes, 286 were upregulated and 124 downregulated by mCD40L versus sCD40L. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed immune-stimulatory function as the most significant enriched biological process affected by upregulated transcripts, while those downregulated were critical for cell growth and division. Furthermore, immature dendritic cells (iDC) responded to mCD40L with enhanced maturation and activation over sCD40L evidenced by higher expression levels of CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and CD54, increased secretion of IL12 and IL10 and higher tumour-antigen (TA) uptake capacity. Furthermore, autologus CD3+ T cells responded to TA-loaded mCD40L-activated DC with increased proliferation and cytotoxic response (CD107a and IFN-γ-producing CD3+ CD8+ T cells) to the tumour-loaded autologous PBMCs compared to sCD40L. Thus, these data indicate that mCD40L enhances the immunostimulatory capacity over sCD40L. Furthermore, the ability of mCD40L to also directly induce cell death in CD40-expressing carcinomas, subsequently releasing tumour-specific antigens into the tumour microenvironment highlights the potential for mCD40L as a multi-faceted anti-cancer immunotherapeutic.
Published: 2020

11. A national approach to rapid genomic diagnosis in acute paediatrics.

Author: Tan N.B., Patel C., Wilson M., Pinner J., Sandaradura S.A., Mowat D., Kirk E., Hunter M.F., Krzesinski E.I., Barnett C., Akesson L.S., Richmond C.M., Kumble S., Hunt L., Eggers S., Riseley J., Chong B., Phelan D., Sadedin S., Martyn M., Goranitis I., Best S., Buckley M.F., Roscioli T., Christodoulou J., Stark Z., Lunke S., Fennell A., Rogers J., Higgins M., Vasudevan A., Howell K.B., White S.M., De Silva M.G., Brett G.R., Gallacher L., Ayres S., Boggs K., Bray A., Baxendale A., Borrie S., King-Smith S., Quinn M.C., Fowles L., Tan N.B., Patel C., Wilson M., Pinner J., Sandaradura S.A., Mowat D., Kirk E., Hunter M.F., Krzesinski E.I., Barnett C., Akesson L.S., Richmond C.M., Kumble S., Hunt L., Eggers S., Riseley J., Chong B., Phelan D., Sadedin S., Martyn M., Goranitis I., Best S., Buckley M.F., Roscioli T., Christodoulou J., Stark Z., Lunke S., Fennell A., Rogers J., Higgins M., Vasudevan A., Howell K.B., White S.M., De Silva M.G., Brett G.R., Gallacher L., Ayres S., Boggs K., Bray A., Baxendale A., Borrie S., King-Smith S., Quinn M.C., and Fowles L.
Abstract: Introduction: Implementation of rapid genomic testing in neonatal and paediatric intensive care units (NICUs/PICUs) is gathering momentum, and requires the development of systems capable of consistent delivery across multi-site networks. Method(s): We developed a rapid genomic diagnosis program involving 10 Australian hospitals and two laboratories with the aim of providing test results in <5 days for acutely unwell paediatric patients with suspected monogenic disorders. Rapid exome sequencing (rES) was performed as trios when possible, and analysis utilised multidisciplinary expertise. Experience was shared between clinical sites, laboratories, and professional groups to enable collective learning. Result(s): The program considered 123 patients for rES over 10 months, and approved 114 (93%). Five families declined testing (4.4%), and nine (7.9%) were withdrawn due to change in clinical circumstances. Of 100 patients tested, 51 received a diagnosis. Eleven of the diagnoses (21%) were made using approaches augmenting standard ES analysis: mitochondrial genome sequencing, ES-based copy number analysis, matchmaking of emerging genes, reverse phenotyping and RNA analysis. Median time from hospital admission to consent was 6 days (range 0-64 days); median time from sample receipt to clinical ES report was 3 days (range 2-7 days). The total cost of testing was AU$1,123,000/701,638 (AU$11,230/7,016 per case). Changes in management following a result occurred in 77% of diagnosed patients and 10% of undiagnosed patients. Conclusion(s): We demonstrate the feasibility of a national, highly integrated clinical-laboratory approach to rapid genomic diagnosis, which delivers results within a timeframe relevant to acute paediatrics, while optimising clinical utility and resource allocation.
Published: 2020

12. Rapid mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) sequencing: Facilitating rapid diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases in paediatric acute care.

Author: Brown N.J., Thorburn D.R., Richmond C.M., Akesson L.S., Eggers S., Love C.J., Chong B., Hunter M.F., Krzesinski E.I., Tan T.Y., Lunke S., Stark Z., Christodoulou J., Brown N.J., Thorburn D.R., Richmond C.M., Akesson L.S., Eggers S., Love C.J., Chong B., Hunter M.F., Krzesinski E.I., Tan T.Y., Lunke S., Stark Z., and Christodoulou J.
Abstract: Introduction: Standard rapid genomic testing techniques analyse nuclear DNA variants using exome and/or genome sequencing (ES/GS). Rapid mtDNA analysis is not routinely available, particularly in centres performing ES, which does not deliver clinical-grade mtDNA sequencing. We describe our experience using rapid mtDNA sequencing in tandem with an ES-based rapid genomic diagnosis program as part of the Australian Genomics Acute Care flagship. Method(s): Two infants presenting with persistent lactic acidosis and bone marrow failure were recruited for rapid genomic testing. With clinical suspicion of mitochondrial disease, both infants underwent rapid ES and mtDNA sequencing in tandem, the latter using Nextera libraries from a full length mtDNA amplicon. Result(s): ES was non-diagnostic in both infants. mtDNA sequencing identified a single large mtDNA deletion in both infants, diagnostic of Pearson syndrome (MIM 557000). Diagnostic reports were issued within 73 hours 55 minutes and 54 hours 25 minutes, respectively. Both infants avoided invasive bone marrow biopsies and a range of other investigations. Conclusion(s): Rapid mtDNA sequencing in tandem with ES results in additional diagnoses in seriously ill children with suspected mitochondrial pathology, suggesting that ES alone may be insufficient in this setting. When designing rapid genomic diagnosis programs, centres should consider incorporating mtDNA amplification and analysis in individuals with suspected mitochondrial pathology, by combining ES and mtDNA sequencing in tandem, or analysing mtDNA data from GS, which captures the mitochondrial genome.
Published: 2020

13. The association between incident vertebral deformities, health-related quality of life and functional impairment: a 10.7-year cohort study.

Author: Shah, A., Wu, F., Jones, G., Cicuttini, F., Toh, L.S., and Laslett, L.L.
Subjects: SPINE abnormalities, PATIENT aftercare, PHOTON absorptiometry, CONFIDENCE intervals, FUNCTIONAL status, REGRESSION analysis, SEX distribution, SEVERITY of illness index, QUALITY of life, QUESTIONNAIRES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, LUMBAR vertebrae, VERTEBRAL fractures, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE complications, OLD age
Abstract: Summary: We aimed to describe longitudinal changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures associated with incident vertebral deformities (VDs) over 10.7 years. Incident VDs are associated with clinically significant functional impairment in men, and reduction in overall HRQoL in older women. Increasing severity and number of incident VDs are associated with clinically meaningful functional impairment in men, but not women. Introduction: To describe associations between incident VD and changes in HRQoL and functional ability in older adults over 10.7 years. Methods: Participants (n = 780) underwent whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at baseline, 2.5, 5.1 and 10.7 years later. VD was defined as ≥ 25% reduction in anterior height relative to posterior height of vertebrae from T4 to L4. An incident VD was defined as a new VD at any follow-up visit. Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-4D) questionnaire and Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) were used to assess HRQoL and functional impairment. Changes in AQoL and HAQ-DI associated with incident VD were analysed using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression. Log binomial regression was used to examine clinically relevant changes and effects of severity and number of VD. Results: The incidence of VD was 37% over 10.7 years. In women, incident VDs were associated with annual reduction in AQoL utility score (β = −0.005, 95% CI −0.008 to −0.002). Men had increased risk of clinically significant reduction in HAQ-DI (IRR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.89). Men had increased risk of clinically important functional impairment with increasing severity (IRR 1.76, 95% CI 1.04–2.95 for mild vs IRR 1.98, 95% CI 1.13–3.47 for moderate to severe VD) as well as number of incident VD (IRR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17–2.93 for one vs IRR 1.88, 95% CI 0.94–3.78 for ≥ 2 VDs). Such associations were not observed in women. Conclusions: Incident VDs are associated with clinically significant functional impairment in men, and reduction in overall HRQoL in older women. Increasing severity and number of incident VDs are associated with clinically meaningful functional impairment in men, but not women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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14. Theoretical and experimental cross sections for electron scattering from halothane

Author: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Maioli, L.S., Bettega, Márcio H.F., Blanco, F., Lange, E., Limão-Vieira, P., Ferreira da Silva, F., García, Gustavo, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Maioli, L.S., Bettega, Márcio H.F., Blanco, F., Lange, E., Limão-Vieira, P., Ferreira da Silva, F., and García, Gustavo
Abstract: We report a joint theoretical and experimental study on elastic scattering of electrons from halothane (CFCHBrCl). The theoretical differential, integral and momentum transfer cross sections were obtained with the Schwinger multichannel method implemented with pseudopotentials (SMCPP), and with the independent atom model with screening corrected additivity rule including interference effects (IAM-SCAR+I). The differential cross sections measurements were conducted for incident electron energies of 10, 20, 30 and 50 eV, while the scattered electron angular range varied from 7° to 100°. At these energies the present experimental differential cross sections are in reasonable agreement with both SMCPP and IAM-SCAR+I calculations. As expected, the two theoretical methodologies agree well with each other as the electron impact energy increases. We also discuss the presence of low-energy resonances and a bound anion state identified in our SMCPP calculations. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Published: 2019

15. Bioanalysis in the Age of New Drug Modalities.

Author: Shi, Jing, Chen, Xuesong, Diao, Jianbo, Jiang, Liying, Li, Lan, Li, Stephen, Liang, Wenzhong, Jin, Xiaoying, Wang, Yonghui, Wong, Colton, Zhang, Xiaolong Tom, and Tse, Francis L.S.
Abstract: In the absence of regulatory guidelines for the bioanalysis of new drug modalities, many of which contain multiple functional domains, bioanalytical strategies have been carefully designed to characterize the intact drug and each functional domain in terms of quantity, functionality, biotransformation, and immunogenicity. The present review focuses on the bioanalytical challenges and considerations for RNA-based drugs, bispecific antibodies and multi-domain protein therapeutics, prodrugs, gene and cell therapies, and fusion proteins. Methods ranging from the conventional ligand binding assays and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assays to quantitative polymerase chain reaction or flow cytometry often used for oligonucleotides and cell and gene therapies are discussed. Best practices for method selection and validation are proposed as well as a future perspective to address the bioanalytical needs of complex modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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16. Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study

Author: Globalsurg, C, Drake, T.M., Camilleri-Brennan, J., Tabiri, S., Fergusson, S.J., Spence, R., Fitzgerald, J.E.F., Bhangu, A., Harrison, E.M., Ademuyiwa, A.O., Fergusson, S., Glasbey, J.C., Khatri, C., Mohan, M., Nepogodiev, D., Søreide, K., Gobin, N., Freitas, A.V., Hall, N., Kim, S.H., Negida, A., Jaffry, Z., Chapman, S.J., Arnaud, A.P., Recinos, G., Manipal, C.E., Amandito, R., Shawki, M., Hanrahan, M., Pata, F., Zilinskas, J., Roslani, A.C., Goh, C.C., Irwin, G., Shu, S., Luque, L., Shiwani, H., Altamimi, A., Alsaggaf, M.U., Rayne, S., Jeyakumar, J., Cengiz, Y., Raptis, D.A., Fermani, C., Balmaceda, R., Modolo, M.M., Macdermid, E., Chenn, R., Yong, C.O., Edye, M., Jarmin, M., D amours, S.K., Iyer, D., Youssef, D., Phillips, N., Brown, J., George, R., Koh, C., Warren, O., Hanley, I., Dickfos, M., Nawara, C., Öfner, D., Primavesi, F., Mitul, A.R., Mahmud, K., Hussain, M., Hakim, H., Kumar, T., Oosterkamp, A., Assouto, P.A., Lawani, I., Souaibou, Y.I., Tun, A.K., Chong, C.L., Devadasar, G.H., Qadir, M.R.M., Aung, K.P., Yeo, L.S., Castillo, V.D.P., Munhoz, M.M., Moreira, G., de Castro Segundo, L.C.B., Ferreira, S.A.K., Careta, M.C., Kim, S.B., de Sousa, A.V., Cury, A.D.L., Miguel, G.P.S., de Freitas, A.V.C., Silvestre, B.P., Vianna, J.G.P., Felipe, C.O., Laufer, L.A.V., Altoe, F., da Silva, L.A., Pimenta, M.L., Giuriato, T.F., Morais, P.A.B., and Luiz, J.S.
Abstract: Background: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. Methods: This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. Results: 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33–4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76–2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6% ) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42–0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14–0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11–0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09–0.45). Conclusion: A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. Trial registration: NCT02179112.
Published: 2018

17. High riverine CO₂ emissions at the permafrost boundary of Western Siberia

Author: Serikova, S. (S.), Pokrovsky, O. (O.S.), Ala-Aho, P. (P.), Kazantsev, V. (V.), Kirpotin, S. (S.N.), Kopysov, S. (S.G.), Krickov, I. (I.V.), Laudon, H. (H.), Manasypov, R. (R.M.), Shirokova, L. (L.S.), Soulsby, C. (C.), Tetzlaff, D. (D.), and Karlsson, J. (J.)
Abstract: The fate of the vast stocks of organic carbon stored in permafrost of the Western Siberian Lowland, the world’s largest peatland, is uncertain. Specifically, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers in the region is unknown. Here we present estimates of annual CO₂ emissions from 58 rivers across all permafrost zones of the Western Siberian Lowland, between 56 and 67° N. We find that emissions peak at the permafrost boundary, and decrease where permafrost is more prevalent and in colder climatic conditions. River CO₂ emissions were high, and on average two times greater than downstream carbon export. We suggest that high emissions and emission/export ratios are a result of warm temperatures and the long transit times of river water. We show that rivers in the Western Siberian Lowland play an important role in the carbon cycle by degassing terrestrial carbon before its transport to the Arctic Ocean, and suggest that changes in both temperature and precipitation are important for understanding and predicting high-latitude river CO₂ emissions in a changing climate.
Published: 2018

18. Antimicrobial action of 1,10-phenanthroline-based compounds on carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains: efficacy against planktonic- and biofilm-growing cells.

Author: Ventura, Roberta F., Galdino, Anna Clara M., Viganor, Livia, Schuenck, Ricardo P., Devereux, Michael, McCann, Malachy, Santos, André L.S., and Nunes, Ana Paula F.
Published: 2020
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19. Differences in Driving Outcomes Among Cognitively Normal African American and Caucasian Older Adults.

Author: Babulal, Ganesh M., Stout, Sarah H., Williams, Monique M., Rajasekar, Ganesh, Harmon, Annie, Vivoda, Jonathon, Zuelsdorff, Megan, Benzinger, Tammie L.S., Morris, John C., Ances, Beau, and Roe, Catherine M.
Published: 2020
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20. Acute Rodent Tolerability, Toxicity, and Radiation Dosimetry Estimates of the S1P1-Specific Radioligand [11C]CS1P1.

Author: Liu, Hui, Laforest, Richard, Gu, Jiwei, Luo, Zonghua, Jones, Lynne A., Gropler, Robert J., Benzinger, Tammie L.S., and Tu, Zhude
Subjects: RADIATION dosimetry, SPRAGUE Dawley rats, RODENTS, POSITRON emission tomography, AUTOPSY, DRUG approval, RESEARCH, RADIATION measurements, ANIMAL experimentation, RESEARCH methodology, RADIOISOTOPES, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, RATS, COMPARATIVE studies, RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, RADIATION doses, RESEARCH funding, CENTRAL nervous system, MICE
Abstract: Purpose: In preclinical studies with rodent models of inflammatory diseases, [11C]CS1P1 has been identified as a promising imaging agent targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) in the central nervous system and other tissues. In preparation for USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of [11C]CS1P1 for human use, an acute biodistribution study in mice and an acute tolerability and toxicity evaluation in rats were conducted.Procedures: Acute organ biodistribution and excretion data was obtained using male and female Swiss Webster mice intravenously (IV) injected with 4.8-10 MBq of [11C]CS1P1. The organ residence times for each harvested organ were calculated using the animal biodistribution data, and were entered in the program OLINDA/EXM for C-11 to obtain human radiation dosimetry estimates. Acute tolerability and toxicity studies were conducted in male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were administered an IV bolus of either the vehicle control or 0.3 mg/kg CS1P1. Blood samples were collected and a gross post-mortem examination was conducted at day 2 or day 15 post-injection.Results: The extrapolated human radiation dose estimates revealed that the highest organ dose was received by the liver with 24.05 μGy/MBq in males and 32.70 μGy/MBq in females. The effective dose (ED) estimates of [11C]CS1P1 were calculated at 3.5 μSv/MBq in males and 5.9 μSv/MBq in females. The acute tolerability and toxicity study identified 0.3 mg/kg as a no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) dose, which is a ~ 300-fold dose multiple of the human equivalent dose of the mass to be injected for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies in humans as a no-observable-effect limit.Conclusions: The toxicity study in rats suggested that injection dose of radiotracer [11C]CS1P1 with mass amount < 10 μg is safe for performing a human PET study. The dosimetry data supported an injection of 0.74 GBq (20 mCi) dose for human studies would be acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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21. Barium-Titanate Pigments for Semi-Conductive Glazes.

Author: Georgiev, G.T., Bozadzhiev, L.S., and Bozadzhiev, R.L.
Subjects: GLAZES, BARIUM titanate, OXIDES, PIGMENTS
Abstract: Abstract: Ceramic pigments of different colour intensities with a perovskite structure on the basis of isomorphously substituted Ва2+ in BaTiO3, with element-chromophores: Со3+, Сr3+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Pr3+, Nd3+ and Cu2+, are prepared by ceramic technique during solid-state synthesis. The addition of oxides results in different colour gradients. The prepared pigments can be used in the industry for the production of semi-conductive glazes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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22. Gadolinium Perovskites.

Author: Bozadzhiev, L.S., Bozadzhiev, L.R., and Georgiev, G.T.
Subjects: CERAMICS, GADOLINIUM, TRANSITION metals, SUPERCONDUCTORS, NICKEL, SEMICONDUCTORS
Abstract: Abstract: Classic ceramic technology is the powder method after solid state reactions gadolinium perovskites are sintered; the transition metals are copper Cu, cobalt Co or nickel Ni. These may find applications as semiconductors and as precursors for the preparation of high-temperature superconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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23. Bone metabolism, density, and geometry in postmenopausal women with vitamin D insufficiency: a cross-sectional comparison of the effects of elevated parathyroid levels.

Author: Rødbro, L.L., Sikjær, T., Bislev, L.S., and Rejnmark, L.
Subjects: BONE metabolism, BONE remodeling, COMPARATIVE studies, COMPUTED tomography, PARATHYROID hormone, PHOSPHATES, SPINE, VITAMIN D, VITAMIN D deficiency, BONE density, BODY mass index, CROSS-sectional method, POSTMENOPAUSE, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, OSTEOCALCIN, PHOTON absorptiometry
Abstract: Summary: Increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) may have adverse effects on bone health. In a cross-sectional design, we investigated this hypothesis among 102 postmenopausal vitamin D insufficient women. Elevated PTH was associated with altered bone geometry, decreased bone mineral density in the spine, and increased bone turnover.Introduction: In vitamin D insufficiency, elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels may contribute to adverse effect on bone. We assessed effects of PTH responses to vitamin D insufficiency on bone metabolism, density, and geometry.Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we investigated 102 healthy postmenopausal women with low 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (< 50 nmol/L) levels, who had either secondary hyperparathyroidism with elevated PTH levels (> 6.9 pmol/L, N = 51) or normal PTH levels (N = 51). Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone geometry were assessed by Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and high-resolution peripheral QCT (HRpQCT) scans. Bone metabolism was assessed by biochemistry including bone turnover markers.Results: Levels of 25(OH)D were 38 (IQR 31-45) nmol/L with no differences between groups. PTH levels were 8.5 (IQR 7.5-9.5) in women with SHPT and 5.2 (4.4-6.6) pmol/L in women with normal PTH (p < 0.001). BMI and eGFR did not differ between groups. SHPT was associated with lower total- and trabecular bone area, lower cortical perimeter, and increased cortical area in tibia and radius. SHPT was associated with a lower weight-adjusted BMD at the lumbar spine (p < 0.05). High compared to normal PTH levels were associated with significantly lower plasma levels of 1,25(OH)2D, phosphate, but higher levels of osteocalcin and borderline higher levels of CTx. PTH correlated to osteocalcin and CTx.Conclusions: High PTH levels are associated with altered bone geometry, increased bone turnover, and reduced BMD at the spine. Whether an increased cortical thickness with a lower trabecular volume is an effect of PTH or not needs further elucidations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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24. Asymmetric peptidomimetics containing L-tartaric acid core inhibit the aspartyl peptidase activity and growth of Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes.

Author: Santos, André L.S., Matteoli, Filipe P., Sangenito, Leandro S., Branquinha, Marta H., Cotrim, Bruno A., and Resende, Gabriel O.
Subjects: LEISHMANIA, PARASITES, PEPTIDASE, PROTOZOA, TROPHOZOITES
Abstract: Aspartyl-type peptidases are promising chemotherapeutic targets in protozoan parasites. In the present work, we identified an aspartyl peptidase activity from the soluble extract of Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, which cleaved the fluorogenic peptide 7-methoxycoumarin-4-acetyl-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ile-Leu-Phe-Phe-Arg-Leu-Lys(DNP)-D-Arg-amide (cathepsin D substrate) under acidic pH conditions at 37°C, showing a KM of 0.58 μM and Vmax of 129.87 fluorescence arbitrary units/s mg protein. The leishmanial aspartyl peptidase activity was blocked by pepstatin A (IC50 = 6.8 μM) and diazo-acetyl-norleucinemetilester (IC50 = 10.2 μM), two classical aspartyl peptidase inhibitors. Subsequently, the effects of 6 asymmetric peptidomimetics, containing L-tartaric acid core, were tested on both aspartyl peptidase and growth of L. amazonensis promastigotes. The peptidomimetics named 88, 154 and 158 promoted a reduction of 50% on the leishmanial aspartyl peptidase activity at concentrations ranging from 40 to 85 μM, whereas the peptidomimetic 157 was by far the most effective, presenting IC50 of 0.04 μM. Furthermore, the peptidomimetics 157 and 154 reduced the parasite proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, displaying IC50 values of 33.7 and 44.5 µM, respectively. Collectively, the peptidomimetic 157 was the most efficient compound able to arrest both aspartyl peptidase activity and leishmanial proliferation, which raises excellent perspectives regarding its use against this human pathogenic protozoan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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25. Acetone and Ethanol Sensors Based on Nanocrystalline SnO Thin Films with Various Catalysts.

Author: Sevastyanov, E.Y., Maksimova, N., Khludkova, L.S., Chernikov, E.V., and Sergeychenko, N.V.
Abstract: The electrical and gas-sensitive characteristics of sensors based on nanocrystalline SnO thin films with noble metals (Pt, Pd, Au) and 3 d-transition metals (Co, Ni) additives in the bulk and on the surface have been studied. Thin (~100 nm) tin dioxide films were grown in magnetron by DC sputtering of a tin-antimony alloy target in oxygen-argon plasma. It was shown that the obtained sensors can detect acetone and ethanol vapors at 1 ppm level. The detecting of acetone vapors needs higher temperatures than detecting of ethanol. In a temperature range T < 650 K, responses to ethanol exceed responses to acetone for all studied samples. For higher operating temperatures T > 700 K, the sensors with deposited Pt, Pd catalysts on the surface as well as the sensors with Ni and Co additives in the bulk are characterized by a higher sensitivity to acetone than to ethanol. The use of different operating temperatures allows detecting selectively acetone and ethanol vapors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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26. Outcome of very old patients admitted to the ICU for sepsis: A systematic review.

Author: Haas, L.E.M., van Dillen, L.S., de Lange, D.W., van Dijk, D., and Hamaker, M.E.
Abstract: Background Due to ageing of the general population, an increasing number of very old patients (> 80 years old) is admitted to the hospital and to the intensive care unit (ICU). Sepsis is one of the most frequent reasons for admission. However, it is questioned whether admission of these very old intensive care patients (VOPs) is always indicated, as survival is generally poor. To enhance decision making, more information about chances of VOPs is of the utmost importance for the physicians, the patients and relatives and policymakers. Methods A systematic search was performed in Medline and Embase up to 2017 to identify studies that described the outcome (either ICU-, hospital-mortality and/or any other short- or long-term outcome measure; e.g. 30-day mortality or one year mortality and also functional outcome and quality of life) of VOPs admitted for sepsis. Results We identified 4562 potentially relevant publications, 18 studies could be included. In total, 4256 patients aged 80 years and older were incorporated in this systematic review. The median ICU-mortality was 43% [range 30–79%], the median hospital-mortality 47% [31–84%] and the median 1-year mortality 68% [53–83%]. Conclusions Although relatively few studies are performed in VOPs admitted with sepsis, mortality rates seem to be high. Future studies are needed to identify factors that can predict survival and quality of life after discharge of VOPs in order to identify subgroups that benefit most from ICU treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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27. Plasmonic Effects in Tin Disulfide Nanostructured Thin Films Obtained by the Close-Spaced Vacuum Sublimation.

Author: Stetsenko, M.О., Voznyi, A.A., Kosyak, V.V., Rudenko, S.P., Maksimenko, L.S., Serdega, B.K., and Opanasuk, A.S.
Subjects: DISULFIDES, NANOSTRUCTURED materials, THIN films, SURFACE plasmon resonance, POLARIZATION spectroscopy
Abstract: This work reports the investigation of plasmonic effects in tin disulfide (SnS) nanostructured films obtained by the close-spaced vacuum sublimation method (CSS). Structural properties and phase composition of SnS films were studied with the help of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Surface morphology and optical polarization properties of SnS films deposited at different substrate temperature were investigated by modulation-polarization spectroscopy (MPS). Surface plasmon resonances (SPR) with localized and polariton types were observed by measuring of angular and spectral characteristics of polarization difference. Radiative and non-radiative modes of surface plasmons have been analyzed at different light incident angles. The influence of surface morphology on resonant parameters of different types of SPR was studied. Correlation between the experimental results and theoretical calculations was established. The refractive and absorption indexes were found for the SnS films at different substrate temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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28. Effects of supplements containing different additives on nutritional and productive performance of beef cattle grazing tropical grass.

Author: Carvalho, V.V., Paulino, M.F., Detmann, E., Chizzotti, M.L., Martins, L.S., Silva, A.G., Lopes, S.A., and Moura, F.H.
Abstract: A grazing trial was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of three feed additives in supplements (crude protein, CP 230 g/kg dry matter, DM) on the performance, voluntary intake, and digestibility of beef heifers grazing Brachiaria decumbens (CP 81 and neutral detergent fiber, NDF 615 g/kg DM). Thirty-five Nellore heifers (21 months of age and 383 ± 6.29 kg of body weight, BW) were used in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: no supplement (control); supplement fed at 1 kg/animal/day without additives (S); supplement with monensin (S + M); supplement with yeast culture (S + YC); and supplement with enzyme complex (S + EC). All of the supplemented heifers had greater ( P < 0.1) average daily gain (∼0.186 kg/day) compared to the control treatment (0.014 kg/day). Average daily gain and final BW were similar ( P > 0.1) among supplemented heifers. Monensin inclusion in the supplement decreased ( P < 0.1) forage DM (expressed as g/kg BW) and NDF intake (expressed as kg/day and as g/kg BW). All of the feed additive inclusions decreased ( P < 0.1) NDF digestibility. In conclusion, the heifers' performance was improved by concentrate supplementation. However, the inclusion of additives did not enhance this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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29. Brown adipose tissue thermogenic adaptation requires Nrf1-mediated proteasomal activity

Author: Bartelt, Alexander, Widenmaier, Scott Bradley, Schlein, Christian, Johann, Kornelia, Goncalves, Renata L.S., Eguchi, Kosei, Fischer, Alexander W, Parlakgul, Gunes, Snyder, Nicole, Nguyen, Truc B, Bruns, Oliver T, Franke, Daniel, Bawendi, Moungi G, Lynes, Matthew David, Leiria, Luiz O, Tseng, Yu-Hua, Inouye, Karen, Arruda, Ana Paula, and Hotamisligil, Gokhan S.
Abstract: Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat in response to cold, and low BAT activity has been linked to obesity. However, recent studies were inconclusive as to whether BAT is involved in diet‐induced thermogenesis and mitigates weight gain from prolonged overeating. Therefore, this study investigated whether BAT activity is related to metabolic adaptation arising from 8 weeks of overfeeding in humans. Methods Fourteen men (aged 24 ± 3 years, BMI 24.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2) were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks. Before and after, energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation were measured by whole‐room respiratory calorimetry. A marker of BAT activity was measured using infrared imaging of the supraclavicular BAT depot. Results At the end of 8 weeks of overfeeding, metabolic adaptation—defined as the percent increase in sleeping energy expenditure beyond that expected from weight gain—rose from −0.9 ± 3.9% to 4.7 ± 5.6% (P = 0.001). However, BAT thermal activity was unchanged (P = 0.81). Moreover, BAT thermal activity did not correlate with the degree of metabolic adaptation (P = 0.32) or with the change in body weight (P = 0.51). Conclusions BAT thermal activity does not change in response to overfeeding, nor does it correlate with adaptive thermogenesis. Our data suggest that BAT does not mediate metabolic adaptation to overeating in humans.
Published: 2018
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30. Admission heart rate in relation to presentation and prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Author: Perne, A., Schmidt, F.P., Hochadel, M., Giannitsis, E., Darius, H., Maier, L.S., Schmitt, C., Heusch, G., Voigtländer, T., Mudra, H., Gori, T., Senges, J., and Münzel, T.
Abstract: Copyright of Herz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2016
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31. Moderne Bildgebung.

Author: Bockisch, A., Forsting, M., Freudenberg, L.S., Loch, T., Rübben, H., and Stattaus, J.
Abstract: Copyright of Uroonkologie is the property of Springer eBooks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2014
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32. Biological and molecular characterization of a Trypanosoma cruzi isolate obtained from Panstrongylus megistus captured in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.

Author: Martins, Luciamáre P.A., Castanho, Roberto E.P., Therezo, Altino L.S., Ribeiro, Aline R., Lima, Luciana, Teixeira, Marta M.G., Sperança, Márcia A., Rodrigues, Vera L.C., and Rosa, João A. da
Subjects: TRYPANOSOMA cruzi, PARASITEMIA, PARASITIC diseases, TROPISMS, MUSCLES
Abstract: An isolate of Trypanosoma cruzi obtained from P. megistus captured in the peridomicile area of a home in Santo Antonio do Jardim city in the State of Sao Paulo, denominated T. cruzi Mogi, was characterized biologically and molecularly. The RFLP analysis of the D7 divergent domain in the 24Sα rDNA and of the mini-exon positioned the T. cruzi isolate within the TcI group. Phylogenetic analysis performed with the trypanosomatid barcode confirmed that the isolate belongs to the TcI group, with high homology to the 3014 c1 T.cruzi strain. The biological characterization of the isolate in rats showed a prepatent period of about 8 days, low parasitemia and tropism for cardiac, skeletal and colonic muscles. In Swiss mice the T. cruzi Mogi isolate showed a prepatent period of about 22 days, intermittent parasitemia in some animals, and tropism for cardiac and colonic muscles. Despite the inherent difficulty of identifying correlations amongst the molecular and biological characteristics of different T. cruzi groups, the tropism for colonic muscle demonstrated by T. cruzi Mogi represented a peculiarity of this isolate within the TcI group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2015
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33. Extrakorporale Lungenunterstützungsverfahren in der Intensivmedizin 2014.

Author: Müller, T., Lubnow, M., Philipp, A., Pfeifer, M., and Maier, L.S.
Abstract: Copyright of Der Internist is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2014
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34. Airborne Particulate Matter, Platinum Group Elements and Human Health.

Author: Wiseman, Clare L.S. and Zereini, Fathi
Abstract: The platinum group elements (PGE), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh), are emitted in small amounts in the exhaust of automobiles equipped with catalytic converters, which employ these metals as catalysts to convert nitrous oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) into more benign forms prior to their release. While catalytic converters have reduced these noxious emissions, the environmental concentrations of PGE concentrations have significantly increased over time due to their use. More recent studies on PGE in biologically relevant media such as airborne fine and ultrafine particulate matter (PM) indicate that exposures to these metals are indeed a human health concern. First, emitted PGE may be easily mobilised and solubilised by various compounds commonly present in the environment, thereby enhancing their bioavailability. Second, PGE may be transformed into more toxic species upon uptake by organisms. Third, PGE are also present in the fine fraction of aerosols that have been associated with increases in morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. All these factors highlight the need to monitor environmental levels of PGE and continue research on their bioavailability, behaviour, and speciation and associated toxicity to enable us to better assess the risks they may pose to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2011
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35. BackMatter.

Author: Klinzing, G.E., Rizk, F., Marcus, R., and Leung, L.S.
Published: 2010

36. Akute Vergiftungen.

Author: Weilemann, L.S.
Abstract: Copyright of Die Intensivmedizin is the property of Springer eBooks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2008
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37. NOVEL CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES PRODUCED BY ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD.

Author: Veziroglu, T. Nejat, Zaginaichenko, Svetlana Yu., Schur, Dmitry V., Baranowski, Bogdan, Shpak, Anatoliy P., Skorokhod, Valeriy V., Kale, Ayfer, LYSYUK, L.S., OGENKO, V.M., VOLKOV, S.V., and SHPAK, A.P.
Abstract: The paper presents results of theoretical and experimental investigations of the process of electrochemical conversion of organic dielectrics into nanosized carbon structures. A new low-temperature method for the synthesis of fractal carbon materials with micro- and nanoparticles having a fibrous, spheroidal, dendritic, and other structure has been briefly characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2007
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38. Reconfigurable Embedded Systems: An Application-Oriented Perspective on Architectures and Design Techniques.

Author: Hämäläinen, Timo D., Pimentel, Andy D., Takala, Jarmo, Vassiliadis, Stamatis, Glesner, M., Hinkelmann, H., Hollstein, T., Indrusiak, L.S., Murgan, T., Obeid, A.M., Petrov, M., Pionteck, T., and Zipf, P.
Abstract: Reconfiguration emerged as a key concept to cope with constraints regarding performance, power consumption, design time and costs posed by the growing diversity of application domains. This work gives an overview of several relevant reconfigurable architectures and design techniques developed by the authors in different projects and emphasizes the effective role of reconfigurability in embedded system design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005
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39. Ymer: A Statistical Model Checker.

Author: Etessami, Kousha, Rajamani, Sriram K., and Younes, Håkan L.S.
Abstract: We present Ymer, a tool for verifying probabilistic transient properties of stochastic discrete event systems. Ymer implements both statistical and numerical model checking techniques. We focus on two features of Ymer: distributed acceptance sampling and statistical model checking of nested probabilistic statements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005
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40. Probabilistic Verification for "Black-Box" Systems.

Author: Etessami, Kousha, Rajamani, Sriram K., and Younes, Håkan L.S.
Abstract: We explore the concept of a "black-box" stochastic system, and propose an algorithm for verifying probabilistic properties of such systems based on very weak assumptions regarding system dynamics. Properties are expressed as formulae in a probabilistic temporal logic. Our presentation is a generalization of and an improvement over recent work by Sen et al. on probabilistic verification for "black-box" systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005
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41. ARISupport - Interaction Support for Augmented Reality Systems.

Author: Bebis, George, Boyle, Richard, Koracin, Darko, Parvin, Bahram, Lopes, Luiz Fernando Braga, Sementille, Antonio Carlos, Brega, José Remo Ferreira, Marques, Fátima L.S. Nunes, and Rodello, Ildeberto Aparecido
Abstract: The communication between user and software is a basic stage in any Interac-tion System project. In interactive systems, this communication is established by the means of a graphical interface, whose objective is to supply a visual rep-resentation of the main entities and functions present in the Virtual Environ-ment. New ways of interacting in computational systems have been minimizing the gap in the relationship between man and computer, and therefore enhancing its usability. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to present a proposal for a non-conventional user interface library called ARISupport, which supplies AR-ToolKit applications developers with an opportunity to create simple GUI interfaces, and provides some of the functionality used in Augmented Reality systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005
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42. Patchiness and Prosociality: An Agent-Based Model of Plio/Pleistocene Hominid Food Sharing.

Author: Davidsson, Paul, Logan, Brian, Takadama, Keiki, and Premo, L.S.
Abstract: Anthropologists have yet to adequately investigate the evolution of food sharing despite its prevalence among contemporary human societies. As an initial step toward rectifying this lapse, I present preliminary population-genetic results generated by an agent-based model of Plio/Pleistocene hominid food sharing. SHARE explores the dynamics of a unique conceptual model that treats fragmented closed habitat patches as the loci of hominid social evolution and investigates the altruistic behavior of food sharing using multilevel selection theory. Data collected from artificial societies of hominid foragers demonstrate that specific levels of ecological patchiness facilitate the evolution of food sharing due to the fitness benefits bestowed upon subsistence-related trait groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005

43. STREM: A Robust Multidimensional Parametric Method to Segment MS Lesions in MRI.

Author: Duncan, James S., Gerig, Guido, Aït-Ali, L.S., Prima, S., Hellier, P., Carsin, B., Edan, G., and Barillot, C.
Abstract: We propose to segment Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions overtime in multidimensional Magnetic Resonance (MR) sequences. We use a robust algorithm that allows the segmentation of the abnormalities using the whole time series simultaneously and we propose an original rejection scheme for outliers. We validate our method using the BrainWeb simulator. To conclude, promising preliminary results on longitudinal multi-sequences of clinical data are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2005
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44. De rol van de verpleegkundige bij de aanpak van kinderobesitas.

Author: Visscher, Tommy L.S., Mensen, Monique, Marcus-Varwijk, Anne Esther, and Smits, Carolien H.M.
Abstract: Copyright of Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Evidence Based Practice is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2016
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45. Akute Herzinsuffizienz.

Author: Rasenack, E., Maier, L.S., and Unsöld, B.
Abstract: Copyright of Notfall & Rettungsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2014
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46. An integrated approach to investigate saline water intrusion and to identify the salinity sources in the Central Godavari delta, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Author: L.S., Naidu, V.V.S., G., G., T., J., Mahesh, G., Padalu, V.S., Sarma, P.R., Prasad, S.M., Rao, and B.M., R.
Abstract: The Central Godavari delta is located along the Bay of Bengal Coast, Andhra Pradesh, India, and is drained by Pikaleru, Kunavaram and Vasalatippa drains. There is no groundwater pumping for agriculture as wells as for domestic purpose due to the brackish nature of the groundwater at shallow depths. The groundwater table depths vary from 0.8 to 3.4 m and in the Ravva Onshore wells, 4.5 to 13.3 m. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys were carried out at several locations in the delta to delineate the aquifer geometry and to identify saline water aquifer zones. Groundwater samples collected and analyzed for major ions for assessing the saline water intrusion and to identify the salinity origin in the delta region. The results derived from ERT indicated low resistivity values in the area, which can be attributed to the existence of thick marine clays from ground surface to 12-15 m below ground level near the coast and high resistivity values are due to the presence of coarse sand with freshwater away from the coast. The resistivity values similar to saline water <0.01 Ω m is attributed to the mixing of the saline water along surface water drains. In the Ravva Onshore Terminal low resistivity values indicated up coning of saline water and mixing of saline water from Pikaleru drain. The SO/Cland Na/Clratios did not indicate saline water intrusion and the salinity is due to marine palaeosalinity, dilution of marine clays and dissolution of evaporites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
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47. Droge ist nicht gleich Droge.

Author: Weilemann, L.S.
Published: 2013
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48. Pathophysiologie der chronischen Myokardischämie.

Author: Jacobshagen, C. and Maier, L.S.
Abstract: Copyright of Herz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2013
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49. Kardiologische Erkrankungen in der Schwangerschaft.

Author: Bock, N., Sigler, M., Maier, L.S., Emons, G., and Hawighorst, T.
Abstract: Copyright of Der Gynäkologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2012
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50. Schlüsselrolle des Ca in der Herzinsuffizienz und mögliche neue therapeutische Ansatzpunkte.

Author: Fischer, T.H., Rokita, A.G., and Maier, L.S.
Abstract: Copyright of Der Kardiologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2011
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