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Objective: To examine variations in the presentation and treatment of reimplanted incisors in children and to determine the effect of these on the prevalence of external root resorption.Setting: Departments of Paediatric Dentistry, Belfast and Newcastle upon Tyne.Design: Recording of the timing of the injury and the storage mediums (including air) and of reimplantation, the stage of root development, the degree of contamination and the time of commencement of root treatment. Cases were reviewed clinically and radiographically at intervals of 3 months. Root resorption was classified as present or absent. Logistic regression and cross-tabulations were produced with the presence of resorption set as the outcome.Results: 128 reimplanted permanent incisor teeth, their median dry time prior to reimplantation being 15 minutes (range 4-52 mins), the median time in a liquid medium being 45 minutes (range 0-650 mins), with a median splinting time of 15 days (range 4-52 days) and a median pulp extirpation time of 15 days (range 0-612 days). There was a lower prevalence of resorption when the period of dryness was less than or equal to 5 minutes (p = 0.025). The prevalence of resorption in teeth with no visible contamination was 57.1%, for those with contamination which were washed clean it was 75%, in those rubbed clean it was 87.5%, and it was 100% for those reimplanted with visible contamination still present (p = 0.014). The corrected odds ratio for contamination was 2.99 and for an extension of 10 minutes of dryness it was 1.29.Conclusion: The degree of contamination and the period of dryness were the major risk factors for resorption in this study of reimplanted teeth in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: The Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) assesses falls risk in older adults by measuring impairments most associated with multiple falls. To date, no study has investigated the change in PPA impairment profile with age. Objective: To describe impairment profiles, by age and ability to complete the postural sway measure, of older adults fallers. Participants: We note that 885 older adults referred to multidisciplinary falls clinics located within two inner London boroughs (UK). Methods: Anonymised data was extracted from the PPA falls risk database. For comparisons, data was grouped by gender, age, and ability to complete the postural Sway test. Results: There were significant differences between all age groups in PPA falls risk, edge contrast sensitivity, quadriceps strength (Quad), postural sway and reported falls within the previous year (P <0.01). The oldest age group (90+) had the highest PPA falls risk (P <0.01), yet reported significantly less falls than the youngest age group (60 to 69; P <0.05). There was significant variability in test results, with younger age groups displaying greater variability across PPA measures, and older age groups displaying more consistency (P <0.05); 15.1% (n =134) of patients that were able to perform the postural sway measure received a higher risk score for this test than those unable to complete the task. Conclusions: Greater variability in younger age groups indicates that specific impairments may provide the cause of falls, whereas widespread global reduction in function and frailty may provide the cause for falls in the older age groups. The postural sway scoring does not reflect ability to perform the test. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective To investigate the time lapse prior to provision of emergency dental care and appropriateness of earliest treatment provided for children with dental trauma.Design A multi-regional prospective and cross-sectional survey.Setting Paediatric dental departments of Liverpool, Manchester and Sheffield.Subjects One hundred and fifty referred or emergency paediatric patients with trauma to the permanent incisors.Results One hundred and fifty subjects were recruited. Mean age of the subjects was 11.1 years (SD= 2.6; range = 6.2-16.6); 100 were male and 50 were female. The mean time interval from injury until initial presentation to a health care professional was 22.6 hours (SD = 76.1; range = 0-672). Thirty-six percent of children (n = 54) first presented to a general dental practitioner whilst 30% (n = 45) presented to accident and emergency medical staff. Following initial assessment, a further mean time lapse of 8.1 hours (SD = 43.7; range = 0-504) was incurred in 25% of cases prior to dental referral. In 39% of subjects (n = 58/150), treatment was considered inappropriate. The most frequent example of inadequate management was failure to protect exposed dentine, which was found for 71% (n = 24/34) of complicated crown fractures and 40% (n = 25/62) of uncomplicated crown fractures.Conclusion This study identified marked delays in the management of some paediatric dental trauma to permanent incisor teeth which, in itself, could be suboptimal. Greater educational and clinical support would seem to be warranted in this area of service provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents abstracts of articles pertaining to dentistry. 'Incidence of Oral and Maxillofacial Skiing Injuries Due to Different Injury Mechanisms,' by R. Gassner and H. Ulmer; 'Lingual Access for Third Molar Surgery: a 20-Year Retrospective Audit,' by C.E. Moss and M.J.C. Wake; Influence of Several Factors on the Success or Failure of Removal of Fractured Instruments From the Root Canal,' by M. Hulsmann.