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Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of images generated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and changes in the mass-like lesion (MLL) during the follow-up of patients who underwent partial nephrectomy (PN) with the intra-operative use of hemostatic agents (HAs). Methods: The records of patients who had undergone PN in our clinic due to renal mass between January 2013 and August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Our study included 47 patients who were administered one or more HAs during the PN and who received diffusion and dynamic MRI at the post-operative 2nd/4th Queryand 12th month. Results: MLL is defined as T2 heterogeneous, intermediate-signal intensity bolster-related mass with a pseudocapsule in the renal parenchymal defect. When we looked at the morphological changes of MLL, the mean largest axial dimensions of masses were 27.3 (range 12.2–44.7) mm in the first follow-up period (2nd/4th months) and 21.2 (range 11–44.7) mm in the 12th month follow-up period. The average change in size of MLL was − 0.66 mm/month. We did not see any significant relationship between observation of MLL in the post-operative follow-up MRI images and the use of HAs such as Surgicel®, Spongostan®, and autologous fatty tissue as well as the amount of the agents used in PN operations (p = 0.405, p = 0.159, respectively). Conclusions: The distinction of MLL causing bolster-related mass and granulomatosis tissue from relapse/recurrence can be made based on the change in mass size observed in the MR images and image characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) use on cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicty. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups. The rats in the control group were injected a single dose of 1 ml/kg saline intra-peritoneally (IP) during 10 days. The rats in the ATRA group were injected a single dose of ATRA during 10 days. The rats in the ATRA+CP group were injected a single dose of CP on the fourth day of the 10 days of ATRA treatment. The rats in the CP group were injected a single dose of CP on the fourth day of 10 days without administering a treatment. After treatment, the groups were compared with regard to total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in renal tissue and renal histopathology. The serum creatinine and urea values were statistically significantly higher in the CP group compared to the other groups. The serum creatinine and urea values were statistically significantly lower in the ATRA+CP group when compared to the CP group. Although the TOS and OSI levels were found to be lower in the ATRA+CP group compared to the CP group, the difference was not statistically significant. Administration of ATRA together with CP was observed to reduce the histopathologic destruction in the kidney and lead to mild tubular degeneration, vacuolization, and necrosis (57.1% grade 1; 28.6% grade2, and 14.3% grade 3 necrosis). The results of the present study have revealed that ATRA administration ameliorates CP-induced nephrotoxicity; however, further studies are required to identify this issue before clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are the use of fluoroquinolones in prostate biopsy prophylaxis returning? Secondly, the authors emphasized that previous history of patient's exposure to FQ therapy should be always assessed for planning an effective antibiotic prophylaxis in patients' candidates to TRUS-Bx. Comment on "antibiotic prophylaxis in patients who had undergone to prostate biopsy in between the EMA warning era: effects of fluoroquinolones in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. [Extracted from the article]

Background: We analyzed the effects of music on pain, anxiety, and overall satisfaction in patients undergoing a shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) procedure. Methods: A total of 200 patients scheduled to undergo SWL were included in this study. Group 1 consisted of 95 patients who listened to music during the SWL session while group 2 included 105 patients who did not listen music during the procedure. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess state and trait anxiety (STAI-S/T). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used at the end of the session in order to assess pain, willingness to repeat the procedure, and overall patient satisfaction. Hemodynamic parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and after the session. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of stone characteristics, SWL parameters, pre-SWL STAI-T/S scores, and pre-SWL hemodynamic parameters. Post-SWL STAI-S scores were found to be lower in patients who listened to music ( p = 0.006). At the end of the SWL, VAS scores of pain, satisfaction, and willingness to repeat procedure were significantly different in favor of the music group ( p = 0.007, p = 0.001, p = 0.015, respectively). SBP, DBP, and HR were significantly higher in patients who did not listen to music ( p = 0.002, p = 0.024, p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Music can be an ideal adjunctive treatment modality for patients undergoing SWL treatment. It has the potential to enhance patient compliance and treatment satisfaction by reducing the procedure-related anxiety and pain perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]