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Background: The effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remain controversial. Objective: A systematic review of current evidence was performed to systematically and comprehensively summarize the effects of CoQ10 on cardiovascular outcomes, oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid profiles, and glucose metabolism. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on patients with CKD. Results: Twelve independent studies (including seventeen publications) were included in this systematic review. For CKD patients, six studies reported variable cardiovascular outcomes, which yielded inconsistent results. Regarding oxidative stress and inflammation, pooled analysis showed that CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced malonaldehyde (WMD: − 1.15 95% CI − 1.48 to − 0.81) and high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels (WMD: − 1.18 95% CI − 2.21 to − 0.15). Regarding glucose metabolism, we found that CoQ10 supplementation resulted in significant improvements in HbA1c (WMD: − 0.80; 95% CI: − 1.35 to − 0.24) and QUICKI (WMD: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.03). The pooled results indicated that CoQ10 supplementation had no effects on total cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol, or on HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conclusions: Our systematic review demonstrated that CoQ10 supplementation might have promising effects on oxidative stress. This work provided some clues that CoQ10 supplementation might have the potential to improve inflammation levels, glucose metabolism, cardiac structure, and cardiac biomarkers. However, the effects of CoQ10 supplementation should be confirmed in larger high-quality studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique structural, electronic and magnetic properties of intrinsic defect in tetragonal ultrathin BaTiO3 nanotube (u-BTONT) have been investigated by first-principle calculations. The zigzag (9,0) u-BTONTs with two different terminations (TiO2 and BaO) can be formed by rolling up one monolayer BTO along a certain crystallographic axis, and the BaO-terminated NT is more stable than TiO2 terminated due to its lower binding energy. The oxygen vacancies on the tube are more stable than cation vacancies, and their magnetic coupling is related not only to the kinds of oxygen vacancies but also to the distance of vacancies. Moreover, both Ba and Ti vacancies also can introduce the ferromagnetism in u-BTONT, which is different from the origin of magnetism in BTO bulk and (001) surface. It is indicated that one-dimensional structure with high surface area can make it easier to form more useful vacancies which prefer ferromagnetism. Our work offers a possible route to fabricate the multiferroic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]