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A Gram-negative anaerobic microorganism, MRG-1, isolated from human intestine showed high activities of deglycosylation and reduction of daidzin, based on rapid TLC analysis. A rod-shaped strain MRG-1was identified as a new species showing 91.0% homology to Coprobacillus species, based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The strain MRG-1 showed β-glucosidase activity toward daidzin and genistin, and daidzein and genistein were produced, respectively. However, the strain MRG-1 did not react with flavone glycosides, flavanone glycosides, and isoflavone C-glucoside. Besides, MRG-1 showed stereoselective reductase activity to isoflavone, daidzein, genistein, 7-hydroxyisoflavone, and formononetin, resulting in the formation of corresponding R-isoflavanone enantiomers. The new isoflavanones of 7-hydroxyisoflavanone and dihydroformononetin were characterized by NMR, and the absolute configurations of the enantiomers were determined with CD spectroscopy. The kinetic study of the anaerobic biotransformation showed both activities were exceptionally fast compared to the reported conversion by other anaerobic bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) from Pseudomonas sp. strain NCIB 9816-4 incorporated dioxygen at the C7 and C8 positions on the A-rings of flavone and isoflavone with different stereoselectivity, resulting in the formation of (7 S,8 S)-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-4 H-chromen-4-one (flavone- cis-(7 S,8 S)-dihydrodiol) and (7 R,8 R)-dihydroxy-3-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-4 H-chromen-4-one (isoflavone- cis-(7 R,8 R)-dihydrodiol), respectively. In addition, NDO was shown to incorporate dioxygen at the C5 and C6 positions on the A-ring and the C2′ and C3′ positions on the B-ring of isoflavone, resulting in the production of (5 S,6 R)-dihydroxy-3-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-4 H-chromen-4-one (isoflavone- cis-(5 S,6 R)-dihydrodiol) and 3-[(5 S,6 R)-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-dienyl]-4 H-chromen-4-one (isoflavone- cis-(2′ R,3′ S)-dihydrodiol), respectively. The metabolites were identified by LC/MS, 1H, and 13C NMR analyses and TD-SCF calculations combined with CD spectroscopy. In the case of flavone biotransformation, formation of flavone-(7 S,8 S)-dihydrodiol is likely to be the result of hydrogen bond interactions between the substrate and the active site of the dioxygenase. On the contrary, regioselective dioxygenation of isoflavone was found not to occur, and this may be due to the fact that the same hydrogen bonds that occur in the case of the flavone reaction cannot be established due to steric hindrance caused by the position of the B-ring. It is therefore proposed that the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of NDO from strain NCIB 9816-4 are controlled by the position of the phenyl ring on flavone molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]