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Due to its role in apoptosis, differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and DNA damage repair in stress responses (oxidative stress, hypoxia, chemotherapeutic drugs, and UV irradiation or radiotherapy), FOXO3a is considered a key tumor suppressor that determines radiotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic responses in cancer cells. Mutations in the FOXO3a gene are rare, even in cancer cells. Post-translational regulations are the main mechanisms for inactivating FOXO3a. The subcellular localization, stability, transcriptional activity, and DNA binding affinity for FOXO3a can be modulated via various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and interactions with other transcriptional factors or regulators. This review summarizes how proteins that interact with FOXO3a engage in cancer progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the mental-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a promising precursor to derive the Fe–N-C catalyst (FexCN@GN) with Fe-Nx moieties for sulfate radical (SO4·−) based advanced oxidation process (SR-AOP) for Trichlorophenol degradation. The catalyst exhibited high activity in activation of PS to generate free radicals and achieved 92% degradation of TCP within 60 min. Through the characterization of the catalyst and EPR detection, we found that the sp2-hybridized carbon structure on GO can adsorb TCP strongly and fix free radicals on the surface of the catalyst at the same time, so that free radicals can react with TCP rapidly and avoid long-distance mass transfer loss in solution. We also found that N atom plays an important role in the catalyst, and the Fe-Nx active center formed by pyridine N and Fe atoms is the active center of the catalytic reaction. Based on this, the degradation mechanism is deduced. In conclusion, this work provided new Fe–N-C-based nanocatalysts for the generation of surface radicals, providing a new pathway for the removal of emerging contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 infection cases have surged globally, causing devastations to both the society and economy. A key factor contributing to the sustained spreading is the presence of a large number of asymptomatic or hidden spreaders, who mix among the susceptible population without being detected or quarantined. Due to the continuous emergence of new virus variants, even if vaccines have been widely used, the detection of asymptomatic infected persons is still important in the epidemic control. Based on the unique characteristics of COVID-19 spreading dynamics, here we propose a theoretical framework capturing the transition probabilities among different infectious states in a network, and extend it to an efficient algorithm to identify asymptotic individuals. We find that using pure physical spreading equations, the hidden spreaders of COVID-19 can be identified with remarkable accuracy, even with incomplete information of the contract-tracing networks. Furthermore, our framework can be useful for other epidemic diseases that also feature asymptomatic spreading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the genetic basis of sheep tails is of great importance to improve sheep production and welfare. In this Comment, we discussed recent findings showing that homeobox B13 (HOXB13) is a regulator of the tail length in sheep. The revelation of the HOXB13 gene adds novel insights into the genetic determinism of the sheep tail phenotype. This new genetic highlight will lead to further advances in sheep breeding using selection-based strategies and molecular genetics-based tools. Recent findings implicating homeobox B13 (HOXB13) as a regulator of sheep tail length and their impact on sheep breeding via selection-based strategies and molecular genetics-based tools are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-range anterograde axonal transport of TrkB is important for neurons to exert appropriate BDNF responses. TrkB anterograde axonal delivery is mediated by kinesin-1, which associates with TrkB via the adaptor protein JIP3 or the Slp1/Rab27B/CRMP-2 protein complex. However, little is known about the activation mechanisms of TrkB-loaded kinesin-1. Here, we show that JIP1 mediates TrkB anterograde axonal transport using JIP1 knockout mice, sciatic nerve ligation analysis and live imaging. Next, we proved that JIP1 and JIP3 cooperate to mediate TrkB anterograde axonal transport. Finally, microtubule-binding and microfluidic chamber assays revealed that JIP1 and JIP3 cooperate to relieve kinesin-1 autoinhibition, which depends on the binding of JIP1 to kinesin-1 heavy chain (KHC) and light chain (KLC) and the binding of JIP3 to KLC and is essential for TrkB anterograde axonal transport and BDNF-induced TrkB retrograde signal. These findings could deepen our understanding of the regulation mechanism underlying TrkB anterograde axonal transport and provide a novel kinesin-1 autoinhibition-relieving model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the enormous maintenance cost is essential to enhance the competitiveness for power plants. An overall design scheme for condition-based maintenance of induced fans is proposed for large thermal power plants. The interface of the above framework is simple and convenient; the optimum maintenance strategy is given by condition monitoring and risk evaluating. The decisionsupported system was used in Guangdong Shajiao C Power Plant. The results show that it is a feasible maintenance optimization scheme for power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]