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The machining unit of hobbing machine tool accounts for a large portion of the energy consumption during the operating phase. The optimization design is a practical means of energy saving and can reduce energy consumption essentially. However, this issue has rarely been discussed in depth in previous research. A comprehensive function of energy consumption of the machining unit is built to address this problem. Surrogate models are established by using effective fitting methods. An integrated optimization model for reducing tool displacement and energy consumption is developed on the basis of the energy consumption function and surrogate models, and the parameters of the motor and structure are considered simultaneously. Results show that the energy consumption and tool displacement of the machining unit are reduced, indicating that energy saving is achieved and the machining accuracy is guaranteed. The influence of optimization variables on the objectives is analyzed to inform the design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To fundamentally improve the energy efficiency of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, it is essential to study the energy saving in the design stage. The spindle system is one of the most important energy consumers of CNC lathe, and the optimization design for spindle is considered an effective energy saving strategy. However, little research has focused on this issue, and most previous optimization design methods aimed at improving the machining performance such as deformation and vibration. Since previous studies paid little attention to energy saving design, we attempt to consider the energy consumption in the spindle design stage. First, the energy consumption function of the spindle is built, and the optimization objectives are selected. The structure parameters that significantly affect the optimization objectives are determined as the design variables. Then, on the basis of the effective fitting method and dimensionality reduction, a comprehensive objective is defined. Finally, the biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm is adopted to optimize the proposed model. The results indicate that the proposed method can reduce the energy consumption and improve the static and dynamic performance. The impact of the design variables on the objectives is discussed, which provides the guidance for the spindle optimization design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the interactions between aluminum (III)–daunoblastina (DBS) complex and nucleic acids (DNA), and the combination of DBS and Al (III) were studied using ultraviolet (UV)–visible absorption and fluorescence spectra. The experiment results showed that DBS could bind to Al3+ and that a binary complex DBS–Al3+ could be formed. The Al3+–DBS binary complex could also combine with DNA and a ternary complex Al3+–DBS–DNA can be formed. The interaction mode between Al3+–DBS complex and DNA is intercalation binding. The binding constant K was 5.8 × 103 L/mol and the binding number was 4. Both the melting curve and fluorescence polarization agreed with the above conclusions of the interaction mechanism. This study has significant value for studies of the reduction of DBS’s cardiotoxicity and pharmacological studies of cancer treatments using Al3+–DBS as a drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]