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Objective: The inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 is elevated and associated with mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim was to investigate the influence of statin treatment and lipid status on serum YKL-40 and Hs-CRP in patients with stable CAD. Design: Serum YKL-40, HsCRP, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triglycerides levels were measured in 404 statin treated and in 404 matched non-statin treated patients with stable CAD. Results: YKL-40 was significantly higher in non-statin treated 110 µg/l (median) compared with 65 µg/l in statin treated ( p < 0.001). HsCRP was 3.3 mg/l in non-statin treated compared with 2.1 mg/l in statin treated ( p < 0.001). YKL-40 was not related to cholesterol levels for either statin or non-statin treated patients in the univariate analysis. In statin treated patients, HsCRP was related to a high level of total-cholesterol ( p = 0.01) and a low level of HDL-c ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: HsCRP, but not YKL-40, is associated with the cholesterol levels in statin treated patients. This indicates that YKL-40 could be a superior prognostic biomarker in patients with stable CAD, since it is independent of changes in cholesterol levels in both statin and non-statin treated patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]