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Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein. It has different functions including glycoprotein folding in the ER. The unfavorable prognosis of cancer patients was related to the abnormal PDIA3 expression level. However, it is unclear how PDIA3 correlates with the malignant characteristics of different tumors and its impact on tumor immunity. Pan-cancer data were downloaded from several databases for large-scale bioinformatics analysis. The immunological functions of PDIA3 were systematically explored at the single-cell sequencing level, including cell communication, cell metabolism, cell evolution and epigenetic modification. We performed immunofluorescence staining to visualize PDIA3 expression and infiltration of macrophages in pan-cancer samples. Further, we performed a loss-of-function assay of PDIA3 in vitro. The CCK8 assay, clone formation assay, and transwell assay were performed. M2 macrophages were co-cultured with different cell lines before the transwell assay was performed. The immunofluorescence staining of pan-cancer samples presented a higher expression of PDIA3 than those of the paired normal tissues. According to single-cell sequencing analysis, expression of PDIA3 was closely associated with cell communication, cell metabolism, cell evolution and epigenetic modification. The knockdown of PDIA3 in tumor cells inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, and restrained cocultured M2 macrophage migration. Furthermore, PDIA3 displayed predictive value in immunotherapy response in human cancer cohorts, indicating a potential therapeutic target. Our study showed that PDIA3 was associated with tumor malignant characteristics and could mediate the migration of M2 macrophages in various tumor types. PDIA3 could be a promising target to achieve tumor control and improve the immune response on a pan-cancer scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to provide a conceptualization and an aligned game-theoretic operationalization of the dynamic coopetitive managerial decision-making process. The proposed two-step sequential game uses existing game theoretical constructs but combines them in a unique way. One of its important positive features is its capacity to make the performance implications of all potential coopetitive decisions in a relationship episode explicit, together with the interplay among them. The lack of such a feature has been recognized as a severe limitation of extant literature, hampering further theoretical and methodological development. The proposed solution gives insights into how moment-by-moment managerial decisions unfold over time and possibly result in disequilibrium states, generating tension. Managerial attributes play a key role in effectively managing such moments, it is suggested. Based on the proposed operationalization, behavioral experiments can be designed through which future empirical research can develop appropriate data sets and test the widely hypothesized roles of these attributes, which can result in more reliable and generalizable research results. Besides the theoretical and empirical value of the proposed conceptualization and operationalization, the paper is of value to decision makers, as it makes the internal complexity of the coopetitive strategizing and its inherent interdependencies explicit, providing practical insights into this complex phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linear scleroderma is the most common type of localized scleroderma in children. Lesions rarely involve areas other than the skin, and nervous system involvement is even rare. We reported a case of a 6-year-old girl who was admitted to the hospital with recurrent seizures for 4 weeks. Before that, she had left frontal plaques for more than 1 year. Radiological imaging of the brain showed multiple abnormal lesions and skin biopsy of the plaques indicated scleroderma. After drug therapy, the girl had no recurrence of epilepsy, and no obvious abnormalities were found in the reexamination of neuroimaging. We performed further radiological examination on this patient and reviewed the literatures for this rare case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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