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Objective: The prognostic stratification for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is heavily based on postoperative pathological depth of invasion (pDOI). This study aims to propose a preoperative MR T-staging system based on tumor size for non-pT4 OTSCC. Methods: Retrospectively, 280 patients with biopsy-confirmed, non-metastatic, pT1-3 OTSCC, treated between January 2010 and December 2017, were evaluated. Multiple MR sequences, including axial T2-weighted imaging (WI), unenhanced T1WI, and axial, fat-suppressed coronal, and sagittal contrast-enhanced (CE) T1WI, were utilized to measure radiological depth of invasion (rDOI), tumor thickness, and largest diameter. Intra-class correlation (ICC) and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate measurement reproducibility, and factors' significance, respectively. Cutoff values were established using an exhaustive method. Results: Intra-observer (ICC = 0.81–0.94) and inter-observer (ICC = 0.79–0.90) reliability were excellent for rDOI measurements, and all measurements were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (all p <.001). Measuring the rDOI on axial CE-T1WI with cutoffs of 8 mm and 12 mm yielded an optimal MR T-staging system for rT1-3 disease (5-year OS of rT1 vs rT2 vs rT3: 94.0% vs 72.8% vs 57.5%). Using multivariate analyses, the proposed T-staging exhibited increasingly worse OS (hazard ratio of rT2 and rT3 versus rT1, 3.56 [1.35–9.6], p =.011; 4.33 [1.59–11.74], p =.004; respectively), which outperformed pathological T-staging based on nonoverlapping Kaplan–Meier curves and improved C-index (0.682 vs. 0.639, p <.001). Conclusions: rDOI is a critical predictor of OTSCC mortality and facilitates preoperative prognostic stratification, which should be considered in future oral subsite MR T-staging. Clinical relevance statement: Utilizing axial CE-T1WI, an MR T-staging system for non-pT4 OTSCC was developed by employing rDOI measurement with optimal thresholds of 8 mm and 12 mm, which is comparable with pathological staging and merits consideration in future preoperative oral subsite planning. Key Points: • Tumor morphology, measuring sequences, and observers could impact MR-derived measurements and compromise the consistency with histology. • MR-derived measurements, including radiological depth of invasion (rDOI), tumor thickness, and largest diameter, have a prognostic impact on OS (all p <.001). • rDOI with cutoffs of 8 mm and 12 mm on axial CE-T1WI is an optimal predictor of OS and could facilitate risk stratification in non-pT4 OTSCC disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce the concept of M-fuzzifying norm, which can be seen as a fuzzy co-norm. Fuzzy norm plays a key role in fuzzy functional analysis, which can be applied in theoretical computer science and information theory. We also present a characterization of M-fuzzifying norm using cut-sets. Furthermore, we prove that Morsi's fuzzy norm and M-fuzzifying norm are equivalent when M = [ 0 , 1 ] . In addition, we show that an M-fuzzifying norm can induce an M-fuzzifying topology. Finally, we study an M-fuzzifying Banach space. We also study the boundedness of M-fuzzifying normed space. In particular, the mapping corresponding to the degree of fuzzifying boundedness is exactly an M-fuzzifying bornology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract More than 60% of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients show a positive response to the first ALK inhibitor, crizotinib, which has been used as the standard treatment for newly diagnosed patients with ALK rearrangement. However, most patients inevitably develop crizotinib resistance due to acquired secondary mutations in the ALK kinase domain, such as the gatekeeper mutation L1196M and the most refractory mutation, G1202R. Here, we develop XMU‐MP‐5 as a new‐generation ALK inhibitor to overcome crizotinib resistance mutations, including L1196M and G1202R. XMU‐MP‐5 blocks ALK signaling pathways and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring either wild‐type or mutant EML4‐ALK in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in xenograft mouse models in vivo. Structural analysis provides insights into the mode of action of XMU‐MP‐5. In addition, XMU‐MP‐5 induces significant regression of lung tumors in two genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, further demonstrating its pharmacological efficacy and potential for clinical application. These preclinical data support XMU‐MP‐5 as a novel selective ALK inhibitor with high potency and selectivity. XMU‐MP‐5 holds great promise as a new therapeutic against clinically relevant secondary ALK mutations.

In this paper we introduce the notions of continuity, meet continuity and quasicontinuity of Δ-spaces, where a Δ-space is a monotone determined, weak monotone convergence space. We prove that: a Δ-space (X , O (X)) is continuous iff the topology lattice O (X) is completely distributive; a Δ-space (X , O (X)) is meet continuous iff O (X) is a complete Heyting algebra; a Δ-space (X , O (X)) is continuous iff it is both meet continuous and quasicontinuous. The concepts of continuity, s2-continuity, 휃-continuity, strong continuity of posets are shown to be special cases of the continuity of Δ-spaces. We also introduce a type of directed completion of Δ-spaces, called Scott completion. For each Δ-space (X , O (X)) , the topology lattice O (X) is isomorphic to the topology lattice of its Scott completion. The D-completion, D휃-completion and D s 2 -completion of posets are included in the Scott completion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain that all filters and the empty set of every effect algebra could naturally form a convex structure, which is called a filter convex structure, and morphism (resp., monomorphism) between two effect algebras is convexity-preserving (resp., convex-to-convex) correspondingly constructed convexity spaces. Then we introduce the concept of nets (convergent nets) in convexity spaces that is compatible with convexity-preserving mappings and investigate some properties of convergent nets. Moreover, we prove that the partial subtraction − for the first position is convexity-preserving and the partial addition + is separately convexity-preserving with respect to filter convex structures by nets. Finally, we discuss convexity-preserving properties of the partial subtraction − for the first position and that the partial addition + is separately convexity-preserving in quotient (resp., finite product) of filter convex structures. For finite product, we also investigate the opposite direction for the partial subtraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central South University is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AlCrN coating was prepared on the surface of TiC-based cermet cutting tool with cathodic arc ion plating, and the surface–interface morphologies, compositions of chemical elements, and phases were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Bonding strength of the coating-substrate interface was measured with scratching test, and the wear mechanism and friction coefficient of TiC-based cermet cutting tool and AlCrN coating were investigated with friction and wear testing machine. The results show that the interface binding of AlCrN coating is metallurgical mode, and its binding strength is 83 N. The average friction coefficient of TiC-based cermet cutting tool under the load of 6 N is 0.8409, while that under the load of 8 N decreases by about 11 %, and the wear mechanism of TiC cermet cutting tool is fatigue wear, abrasive wear, and oxidation wear. The average friction coefficient of AlCrN coating is 0.6363 under the load of 6 N, and the change is relatively stable, decreasing by about 25 % than that of TiC-based cermet cutting tool; when the load increases to 8 N, the average friction coefficient of AlCrN coating decreases by 9 %. The wear mechanism of AlCrN coating is abrasive wear and oxidation wear, showing lower friction coefficient and good wear resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks the eighth in morbidity and the sixth in mortality around the whole world, which is an aggressive malignancy. To authenticate potential therapeutic targets for EC is therefore imperative. Although miR-301b might display changed expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma by utilizing Taqman miRNA profiling analysis, much less is known about the impact of miR-301b in EC. Methods and results: By analyzing the data of 187 cancer tissues and 13 normal samples from TCGA database, we discovered that miR-301b was highly expressed in EC tissues. Then, RT-qPCR determined that miR-301b was up-regulated in EC cell lines (ECA109, JAR, TE-1 and OE33). Besides, miR-301b expression level was higher in ESCC cell line-TE-1 cells and lower in ESCC cell line-ECA109 cells compared to other EC cell lines. Hence, ECA109 cell line was used to up-regulate miR-301b expression while TE-1 cell line was applied to down-regulate miR-301b expression in the subsequent experiments. Additionally, OE33, as an ECA cell line, was applied to upregulate miR-301b expression to reflect the influence of miR-301b overexpression on EC progression. More interestingly, miR-301b appeared to act as a promoting effect on the proliferation of EC cells, which was tested by CCK8. Dystrobrevin alpha (DTNA) was a targeting gene of miR-301b, which was predicted by the websites of miRanda, miRWalk and TargetScan. Additionally, DTNA was low expressed in EC tissues and was an independent predictor of EC. Meanwhile, the low expression of DTNA was related to worse overall survival in EC patients. The Pearson correlation coefficient analyzed that DTNA expression was negatively correlated with miR-301b. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and western blotting assays ulteriorly indicated that DTNA was negatively modulated by miR-301b. The facilitating impact of miR-301b re-expression on ECA109 and OE33 cell growth, invasion and migration was receded by DTNA over-expression, whilst the repressive effect of miR-301b ablation on TE-1 cell growth, invasion and migration was inversed by DTNA silencing. Overexpression of miR-301b accelerated EC cell growth, migration and invasion through targeting DTNA. Conclusions: Above all, we concluded that miR-301b was concerned with the progression of EC via regulating DTNA, suggesting that miR-301b and its target gene, DTNA, might serve as predictive biomarkers for EC therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On September 6, 2018, an Mw 6.6 earthquake occurred in Hokkaido, Japan, triggering massive landslides. Based on the 0.3 m-resolution Pleiades-1 satellite image on the Google Earth platform, we constructed an updated co-seismic landslide inventory for this event, which permitted to map 12,586 landslides. These slope failures are featured by a large number, wide spread, large scales, and local dense distribution. Considering nine influence factors, i.e. elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, curvature, distance to road, distance to river, distance to the epicenter, lithology, and topography, the logistic regression model was applied to carry out a retrospective hazard assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides in the affected area, and the rationality of such prediction was verified by the real landslides mapped. Results show that the landslide hazard evaluation map is in good agreement with the actual landslide distribution. The success rate of the hazard assessment map is 87.0% compared to training samples, and 86.5% compared to testing samples, respectively. The updated landslide inventory is a useful complement to the existing landslide inventory maps and the landslide hazard assessment map is helpful for landslide disaster prevention and reduction and reconstruction planning in the affected area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On October 10, 2018, a big landslide occurred on the right bank of the Jinsha River in Baige Village, Polo Township, Jiangda County, Tibet (hereafter called the Baige landslide), which blocked the Jinsha River, forming a barrier lake. Afterward, the landslide dam broke, producing a flood. On November 3, the rear wall of this landslide failed again, also blocking the Jinsha River and creating a bigger barrier lake. Then, by local people, a discharge channel was excavated on the top of the landslide dam, making lake water cross over the discharge channel. As the water flow gradually increased, the landslide dam broke again, producing a more severe flood, resulting in huge economic losses downstream. The purpose of this study is to understand the cause of this landslide and predict the future stability of its head scarp, providing some support for the control scheme in the later stage. A digital orthophoto map (DOM) and a digital elevation model (DEM) of the landslide were created using an unmanned aerial vehicle. Then based on the DOM and DEM, the geometric characteristics of the landslide were described. Multi-phase Planet 5 images were used to infer the development process of the landslide. Finally, the cause of the landslide was analyzed based on the rainfall data and the limit equilibrium calculation. The results show that the Baige landslide was a self-weight creeping event, and its development and trigger were independent of the rainfall. Before the landslide, the slope experienced five stages of evolution: steady deformation, slow deformation, rapid deformation, steady deformation, and rapid deformation. The limit equilibrium calculation indicates that the stability coefficient of the middle section of the head scarp is the lowest, thus which should be cut down as a priority. This study provides a typical example of a self-weight creep type landslide, and an important reference for prediction and prevention of similar large landslides in the Tibetan Plateau, southwestern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By means of closure systems and closure operators on complete lattices, a generalized convex structure under which classical convex structures and L-convex structures are consistent with each other is established. The related convex spaces and hull spaces are investigated, and it is shown that they are isomorphic to each other from the viewpoint of category. In order to further characterize this convex structure, the notion of enclosed order spaces and their corresponding mappings are introduced. It is proved that the category of enclosed order spaces is also isomorphic to that of convex spaces we presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study on the melting and viscosity properties of the chromium-containing high-titanium melting slag (CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2-Cr2O3) with TiO2 contents ranging from 38.63wt% to 42.63wt% was conducted. The melting properties were investigated with a melting-point apparatus, and viscosity was measured using the rotating cylinder method. The FactSage 7.1 software and X-ray diffraction, in combination with scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), were used to characterize the phase equilibrium and microstructure of chromium-containing high-titanium melting slags. The results indicated that an increase in the TiO2 content led to a decrease in the viscosity of the chromium-containing high-titanium melting slag. In addition, the softening temperature, hemispheric temperature, and flowing temperature decreased with increasing TiO2 content. The amount of crystallized anosovite and sphene phases gradually increased with increasing TiO2 content, whereas the amount of perovskite phase decreased. SEM observations revealed that the distribution of the anosovite phase was dominantly influenced by TiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In March 15, 2019, a small-scale loess landslide occurred at Zaoling, Shanxi Province, China, destroying several buildings and killing 20 people. Based on a digital orthophoto map (DOM) and digital elevation model (DEM) derived from Dajiang Pro4 UAV aerial images, coupled with field investigations, this paper describes the geometric features of this slope failure and analyzes its possible inducing factors. Results show that this landslide has a circular chair shape with a sliding direction of 355°. The total projected area of the landslide is 11,800 m2, in which the source is 9880 m2, and the main scarp is 1995 m2. The volume of the source material and loose deposit debris are about 10 × 104 m3 and 12 × 104 m3, respectively. Our research suggests that the inducing factors of this event may include the low strength and structure of the loess under a wet condition, special landforms of the slope, and human activities such as water discharge from a nearby bath center building and coal mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On March 20, 2019, a landslide (named Yagu landslide) occurred in eastern Tibetan Plateau. It produced a 10-m-high dam, resulting in a lake on the Songmai River, a tributary of the Jinsha River. This paper describes this slope failure and analyzes the process and cause of the landsliding based on the combination of Google Earth images, PlanetScope satellite optical images, field photography and geologic data. It is speculated that this event was likely induced by local human activity, such as quarrying rather than natural factors. This example raises a challenging issue whether the ongoing projects along the Jinsha River can induce landslides. In addition, the emergency responses of the government and the effort for risk removal of the dammed lake are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of future 5G/6G communication relies heavily on efficient and low-latency wireless cellular device-to-device communication, which enhances network spectrum, energy efficiency, and data transfer rate. To achieve this, advanced technologies such as deep learning and swarm optimization are utilized to improve energy-efficient communication while considering latency. The fifth and beyond-generation networks require intelligent and efficient technologies to control and transfer data. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are employed to establish high-transfer-rate data communication between devices using minimal energy consumption. This study also focuses on integrating UAV-based D2D communication with other advanced technologies, highlighting the significance of integration with possible solutions to enhance network performance. The development of 5G/6G communication technologies aims to meet the increasing demands of wireless networks, such as faster data rates, lower latency, improved reliability, and more excellent device and application support. However, the current network advantages need to be enhanced to meet the needs of the upcoming digital environment. Thus, to address these challenges, we propose a novel approach that utilizes optimized deep learning models in three ways for UAV-based device-to-device communication: 1. Improved Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Effective K-means clustering approach (IHPSO-K) 2. Hybrid Fuzzy C means (HFCM) approach, and 3—greedy algorithm to overcome the restrictions faced by UAVs in meeting the latest technological requirements. With the above considering features, we use two methods to execute the efficient performance of the proposed algorithm, namely the device-centric approach and the network-centric approach. Combining these techniques can help achieve a more accurate and efficient clustering of data points in UAV-based D2D communication. This can lead to improved performance in terms of throughput, latency, and energy consumption, which are critical factors in such communication scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The convolutional neural network (CNN) is an excellent method for image recognition. However, there are some problems in the construction process of CNN model, such as network structure setting depends on experience knowledge, network parameters selection is difficult, and there is a lack of relevance between network model and training data. To overcome the shortcomings of CNN model construction theory, in this paper, we develop a new construction approach, named adaptive deep CNN network model based on data-driven. In our method, we first set up the initial CNN model in a simple way, and the initial model only contains one feature map in the convolution layer and pooling layer. And then, the network is adaptively constructed by using the idea of learning parameters and expanding network. In network expansion, the convergence rate of CNN model is used as evaluation index of global expansion, and some global branches are added to the network model. After global expansion, the CNN is controlled to local expansion according to the recognition rate of cross validation samples. The local network learning is stopped until the recognition rate reaches the expected value. Finally, the adaptive incremental learning of network structure is realized by expanding some new branches for new samples. Experimental results on two benchmark face databases, CMU-PIE face database and MIT-CBCL face database, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel optical fiber sensor with a U-shaped micro-groove structure ablated by femtosecond laser on single-mode fiber for measuring air relative humidity (RH) is reported in this paper. In order to improve the accuracy of sensor, a graphene oxide (GO)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film is coated on the surface of micro-groove structure. In the U-shaped micro-groove structure, the remaining core and micro-cavity in the micro-groove make up two major optical propagation paths, forming a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The sensor has a good linear response within the RH range of 30%—85%, and the maximum sensitivity can reach 0.638 1 nm/%RH. The effect of temperature on the overall performance of the humidity sensor is also investigated. As a new type of all-fiber device, the sensor shows excellent sensitivity and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a research project to develop a novel clean smelting process for the comprehensive utilization of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite (HVTM), in this study, the effect of Cr2O3 addition on the oxidation induration mechanism of HVTM pellets (HVTMPs) was investigated in detail. The results showed that the compressive strength of the HVTMPs was greatly weakened by the Cr2O3 addition, mainly because of a substantial increase in the porosity of the HVTMPs. The Cr2O3 addition marginally affected the phase composition but greatly affected the microstructural changes of the HVTMPs. Increased amounts of Cr2O3 resulted in a decrease in the uniform distribution of the hematite grains and in an increase in the Fe-Cr solid solutions (Fe1.2Cr0.8O3 and Fe0.7Cr1.3O3) embedded in the hematite grains. Moreover, the compact hematite was destroyed by forming a dispersed structure and the hematite recrystallization was hindered during the oxidation induration, which adversely affected the compressive strength. On the basis of these results, a schematic was formulated to describe the oxidation induration mechanism with different amounts of added Cr2O3. This study provides theoretical and technical foundations for the effective production of HVTMPs and a reference for chromium-bearing minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the CCR model, we propose an extended data envelopment analysis to evaluate the efficiency of decision making units with historical input and output data. The contributions of the work are threefold. First, the input and output data of the evaluated decision making unit are variable over time, and time series method is used to analyze and predict the data. Second, there are many sample decision making units, which are divided into several ordered sample standards in terms of production strategy, and the constraint condition consists of one of the sample standards. Furthermore, the efficiency is illustrated by considering the efficiency relationship between the evaluated decision making unit and sample decision making units from constraint condition. Third, to reduce the computation complexity, we introduce an algorithm based on the binary search tree in the model to choose the sample standard that has similar behavior with the evaluated decision making unit. Finally, we provide two numerical examples to illustrate the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an extended evaluation approach for decision making units (DMUs) with a single output is proposed. Firstly, the input and output data for each DMU are changed in the same proportion until all the outputs are equal, and then the coordinate system is established with input i as the ith coordinate axis. Secondly, in the coordinate system, the production possibility set, which is spanned by all the DMUs without the evaluated DMU, is expressed by inequalities. Moreover, the mathematical expression of the line segment joining the origin to the evaluated DMU is given. Thirdly, the efficiency measure of the evaluated DMU is obtained from the relationship between the production possibility set and the line segment. In order to distinguish the weak efficiency and efficiency, the partially ordered set and minimal element are introduced in the paper. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce and use the concept of $$(\in _{\gamma },\in _{\gamma }\vee q_{\delta })$$ -fuzzy soft right ideals, to study the structural properties of an $$\mathcal {AG}$$ -groupoid. We characterize an intra-regular $$\mathcal {AG}$$ -groupoids using the properties of $$(\in _{\gamma },\in _{\gamma }\vee q_{\delta })$$ -fuzzy soft sets and $$(\in _{\gamma },\in _{\gamma }\vee q_{\delta })$$ -fuzzy soft right ideals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis of osteosarcoma involves complex genetic and epigenetic factors. This study was to explore the impact and clinical relevance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), Taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) on patients with osteosarcoma. Seventy-six osteosarcoma tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues were included for analysis. The plasma samples were obtained from 29 patients with osteosarcoma at pre-operation and post-operation, 42 at newly diagnosed, 18 who experienced disease progression or relapse, 45 post-treatment, 36 patients with benign bone tumor, and 20 healthy donors. Quantitative real-time reverse transcript polymerase chain reactions were used to assess the correlation of the expression levels of TUG1 with clinical parameters of osteosarcoma patients. TUG1 was significantly overexpressed in the osteosarcoma tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues ( P < 0.01) and was closely correlated with tumor size, post-operative chemotherapy, and Enneking surgical stage. Upregulation of TUG1 strongly correlated with poor prognosis and was an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.29-6.00, P = 0.009) and progression-free survival (HR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.01-3.54, P = 0.037). Our constructed nomogram containing TUG1 had more predictive accuracy than that without TUG1 (c-index 0.807 versus 0.776, respectively). In addition, for plasma samples, TUG1 expression levels were obviously decreased in post-operative patients (mean ΔC −4.98 ± 0.22) compared with pre-operation patients (mean ΔC −6.09 ± 0.74), and the changes of TUG1 expression levels were significantly associated with disease status. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that TUG1 could distinguish patients with osteosarcoma from healthy individuals compared with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (the area under curve 0.849 versus 0.544). TUG1 was overexpressed in patients with osteosarcoma and strongly correlated with disease status. In addition, TUG1 may serve as a molecular indicator in maintaining surveillance and forecasting prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tilapia is the common name for a group of cichlid fishes. Identification of DNA markers significantly associated with important traits in candidate genes may speed up genetic improvement. l-Amino acid oxidase (LAO) plays a crucial role in the innate immune defences of animals. Previously, whether LAO variants were associated with economic traits had not been studied in fish. We characterized the cDNA sequence of the LAO gene of hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.). Its ORF was 1536 bp, encoding a flavoenzyme of 511 amino acids. This gene consisted of seven exons and six introns. Its expression was detected in the intestine, blood, kidney, skin, liver. It was highly expressed in the intestine. After a challenge with a bacterial pathogen, Streptococcus agalactiae, its expression was up-regulated significantly in the liver, intestine and spleen ( P < 0.05). We identified one SNP in the genomic sequence of the gene and found that this SNP was associated significantly with body length ( P < 0.05), but not with resistance to S. agalactiae. The results of this study suggest that the LAO gene plays an important role in innate immune responses to the bacterial pathogen in tilapia. The investigation of relationship between polymorphism of LAO gene and disease resistance and growth in tilapia showed that one SNP was associated significantly with body length. Further experiments on whether SNPs in the LAO gene are associated with growth in tilapia and other populations could be useful in understanding more functions of the LAO gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the electrochemical anodization method, we achieve the single-layer macroporous silicon on the N-type silicon, and prepare gold nanoparticles with sodium citrate reduction method. Through injecting the gold nanoparticles into the porous silicon by immersion, the fluorescence quenching mechanism of porous silicon influenced by gold nanoparticles is analyzed. Then the macroporous silicon deposited with gold nanoparticles is utilized to enhance the fluorescence of rhodamine 6G (R6G). It is found that when the macroporous silicon is deposited with gold nanoparticles for 6 h, the maximum fluorescence enhancement of R6G (about ten times) can be realized. The N-type porous silicon deposited with gold nanoparticles can be an excellent substrate for fluorescence detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-resolution numerical model system is essential to resolve multi-scale coastal ocean dynamics. So a multi-scale unstructured grid-based finite-volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) system has been established for the East China Sea and Changjiang Estuary (ECS-CE) with the aim at resolving coastal ocean dynamics and understanding different physical processes. The modeling system consists of a three-domain-nested weather research and forecasting model, FVCOM model with the inclusion of FVCOM surface wave model in order to understand the wave-current interactions. The ECS-CE system contains three different scale models: a shelf-scale model for the East China Sea, an estuarine-scale model for the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent region, and a fine-scale model for the deep waterway regions. These three FVCOM-based models guarantee the conservation of mass and momentum transferring from outer domain to inner domain using the one-way common-grid nesting procedure. The model system has been validated using data from various observation data, including surface wind, tides, currents, salinity, and wave to accurately reveal the multi-scale dynamics of the East China Sea and Changjiang Estuary. This modeling system has been demonstrated via application to the seasonal variations of Changjiang diluted water and the bottom saltwater intrusion in the North Passage, and it shows strong potential for estuarine and coastal ocean dynamics and operational forecasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruthenia Medic is tolerant to drought, cold, high salinity, resistance to trampling and high quality features. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers were employed for the first time to access the genetic diversity and relationships of 30 wild Ruthenia Medic accessions obtained from Inner Mongolia in the present study. A total of 94 bands were amplified by ten ISSR primers, of which 83 (88.5 %) were polymorphic, and 57 polymorphic bands (80.4 %) were observed in 69 bands amplified by ten SSR primers. Shannon's information index (I = 0.487), and average expected heterozygosis (He = 0.329) generated by ISSR primer were higher than that of SSR analysis (I = 0.372, He = 0.231). The study indicated that ISSR were more effective than SSR markers for assessing the degree of genetic variation of Ruthenia Medic. UPGMA cluster analysis revealed inconsistencies in the clustering patterns, as the Mantel's test between the dendrograms for ISSR and SSR data indicated a poor fit for the ISSR and SSR data types (r = 0.0970). Whereas the pattern of clustering of the genotypes remained relatively the same in ISSR and combined data of ISSR and SSR. The results of principal components analysis also supports their UPGMA clustering. These results have an important implication for Ruthenia Medic germplasm characterization, improvement, and conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of norcantharidin (NCTD)-induced SMMC-7721 hepatoma cell apoptosis. Methods: SMMC-7721 cell growth inhibition was measured by the MTT method. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the level of cytochrome c, caspase-3, AIF, Bcl-2 and Bax expression. Results: NCTD inhibited SMMC-7721 cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The cells treated with NCTD showed the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The activities of caspase-3, cytochrome c, AIF, and Bax were up-regulated after NCTD treatment at different doses. The expression of Bcl-2 was decreased after treatment with NCTD. Conclusions: NCTD could induce SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis. The activation of the mitochondrial pathway was involved in the process of NCTD-induced SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technique of data mining was provided to predict gas disaster in view of the characteristics of coal mine gas disaster and feature knowledge based on gas disaster. The rough set theory was used to establish data mining model of gas disaster prediction, and rough set attributes relations was discussed in prediction model of gas disaster to supplement the shortages of rough intensive reduction method by using information entropy criteria. The effectiveness and practicality of data mining technology in the prediction of gas disaster is confirmed through practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neuroscience Bulletin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The links between order and topology have been extensively studied. The objective of this paper is to study the similar links between convex spaces and order structures via the lattices of convex sets. In particular, we prove a characterization of convex spaces uniquely determined by means of their lattices of convex sets, they are precisely sober and S D . One adjunction between the category of convex spaces and that of continuous lattices is constructed, revealing the connection between convex structures and domain theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]