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Copyright of Anaesthesist is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Radiologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gene-targeted therapy with the inotropic Ca2 + -sensor protein S100A1 rescues contractile function in post-ischemic heart failure and is being developed towards clinical trials. Its proven beneficial effect on cardiac metabolism and mitochondrial function suggests a cardioprotective effect of S100A1 in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Fivefold cardiomyocyte-specific S100A1 overexpressing, isolated rat hearts perfused in working mode were subjected to 28 min ischemia (37 °C) followed by 60 min reperfusion. S100A1 overexpressing hearts showed superior hemodynamic recover: Left ventricular pressure recovered to 57 ± 7.3% of baseline compared to 51 ± 4.6% in control (p = 0.025), this effect mirrored in LV work and dP/dt(max). Troponin T and lactate dehydrogenase was decreased in the S100A1 group, as well as FoxO pro-apoptotic transcription factor, indicating less tissue necrosis, whereas phosphocreatine content was higher after reperfusion. This is the first report of a cardioprotective effect of S100A1 overexpression in a global IRI model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Internist is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Urologe A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ein Erratum zu dieser Publikation wurde veröffentlicht: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-020-00859-7 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns the applicability of reputations systems for assessing Quality of Experience (QoE) for web services in the Future Internet. Reputation systems provide mechanisms to manage subjective opinions in societies and yield a general scoring of a particular behavior. Thus, they are likely to become an important ingredient of the Future Internet. Parameters under evaluation by a reputation system may vary greatly and, particularly, may be chosen to assess the users' satisfaction with (composite) web services. Currently, this satisfaction is usually expressed by QoE, which represents subjective users' opinions. The goal of this paper is to present a novel framework of web services where a reputation system is incorporated for tracking and predicting of users' satisfaction. This approach is a beneficial tool which enables providers to facilitate service adaptation according to users' expectations and maintain QoE at a satisfactory level. Presented reputation systems operate in an environment of composite services that integrate client and server-side. This approach is highly suitable for effective QoE differentiating and maximizing user experience for specific customer profiles as even the service and network resources are shared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Chirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims/hypothesis: The 5'AMP-activated protein kinase is an important mediator of muscle contraction-induced glucose transport and a target for pharmacological treatment of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The 5'AMP-activated protein kinase can be activated by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside. We hypothesised that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside treatment could restore glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice. Methods: Lean and ob/ob mice were given 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (1 mg · g body wt–1· day–1 s.c) or 0.9 % NaCl (vehicle) for 1–7 days. Results: Short-term 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside treatment normalised glucose concentrations in ob/ob mice within 1 h, with effects persisting over 4 h. After 1 week of daily injections, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside treatment corrected hyperglycaemia, improved glucose tolerance, and increased GLUT4 and hexokinase II protein expression in skeletal muscle, but had deleterious effects on plasma non-esterified fatty acids and triglycerides. Treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside increased liver glycogen in fasted and fed ob/ob mice and muscle glycogen in fasted, but not fed ob/ob and lean mice. Defects in insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and glucose transport in skeletal muscle from ob/ob mice were not corrected by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside treatment. While ex vivo insulin-stimulated glucose transport was reduced in isolated muscle from ob/ob mice, the 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside stimulated response was normal. Conclusion/interpretation: The 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside mediated improvements in glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice can be explained by effects in skeletal muscle and liver. Due to the apparently deleterious effects of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside on the blood lipid profile, strategies to develop tissue-specific and pathway-specific activators of 5'AMP-activated protein kinase should be considered in order to improve glucose homeostasis. [Diabetologia (2002) 45: 56–65] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim/hypothesis: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside increases 5'-AMP-activated kinase activity in insulin-sensitive tissues known to control glucose homeostasis. We hypothesised that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside treatment could have a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis in KKAy-CETP mice, a model of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Our aim was to examine potential effects of acute and chronic (7-day) 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside treatment on glucose homeostasis in KKAy-CETP diabetic mice. Methods: Female KKAy-CETP mice were treated with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside by a single daily injection for 7 days (100, 300, or 500 mg · kg–1· day–1). Results: After 7 days of treatment with 500 mg · kg–1· day–1 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were reduced (p < 0.01). Body weight and food intake were also reduced after treatment (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Glucose and insulin tolerance were improved (p < 0.05), whereas endogenous glucose production was suppressed (p < 0.05). The beneficial effect of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside on hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia was due to an inhibition of endogenous glucose production, since in vivo and in vitro basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle was not affected by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside. Other features of the treatment included increased plasma of free fatty acid concentration (1.9-fold, p < 0.01) and triglycerides (1.3-fold, p < 0.05). Conclusion/interpretation: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside treatment attenuated hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia but not dyslipidaemia in KKAy-CETP mice, a model of Type II diabetes. The blood glucose lowering effects of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside occurs mainly as a consequence of reduced endogenous glucose production because insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake has not been altered. [Diabetologia (2001) 44: 2180–2186] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Kinderheilkunde is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)