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The purpose of this paper is to analyze risk of accidental gasoline release in the storage tank of gasoline 59-TK-158 situated in complex GL1/K Skikda using quantitative risk assessment based on HAZOP and bow tie to identify and quantify the sources of the unwanted event. Afterward, we identified the areas that are exposed to different industrial accidental effects such as (thermal, flammable and overpressure), using the software Phast as a tool for simulation. The simulation results show the distances of the affected area, to understand the risk consequences related to the affected area of each scenario. Based on this simulation, using the societal risk curves FN to assess the accidental risk inevitably affects people in the surrounding area. This explicitly denotes the relation between the frequency of occurrence and the number of fatalities generated by this accident on a two-dimensional diagram. It aims to find which scenario that is acceptable and which needs more improvement to lower the consequences related to it in a matter of safety. This work was conducted for the first time in GNL Skikda, specifically in a storage tank using a combination between HAZID, bow tie and FN curve. The intention of this combination is to explain deferent industrial phenomenal specially to avoid disasters such as what happened in 2004 and 2005 in the industrial area of Skikda. That is what makes the approach practically more helpful in the use of safety barriers and industrial decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing the process layout in a chemical plant is a complex and multidisciplinary task requiring input from experts in fields such as chemical, civil, mechanical, and instrument engineering. Plant layout entails the allocation of a given number of facilities on a given piece of land. Determining the optimal distribution of facilities in a plant requires an optimization calculation, including a variety of distance constraints, one of which is related to process safety. A few approaches have been taken to transform consequence analysis, such as toxic gas dispersion and its mitigation as well as the risks of fire and explosions, into mathematical equations as constraints of an optimization problem. An optimization problem with constraints related to safety is not easy to solve given limitations such as nonlinearity, uncertainty, and ethical difficulties in converting human life to costs for calculation purposes. However, safety concerns have increased to the point that developing this type of approach is necessary. The objective of this study was to review the current methodologies for plant layout optimization and to resolve facility siting issues. Process safety concepts are considered with a view to identifying gaps and issues with current methods in order to develop better methodologies for designing safer layouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]