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A new European On Board Diagnostic system (EOBD) for real time monitoring of emissions from gasoline engines has been developed, set up and applied in order to satisfy the Euro 3 and Euro 4 regulations. The new system has been required in order to control the performances of fuel injection, closed-loop control and three-way catalyst [1]. The EOBD system has been legislated by the Directives 98/69, 2002/80 and 2003/76 which are mandatory for Euro 3 and Euro 4 configurations. Therefore, the EOBD diagnosis has been developed to check the following systems/components: Catalyst efficincy.Oxygen sensor.Misfiring rate.Fuel system components. This article reports preliminary indications to perform a catalyst efficiency monitoring. A computational procedure is applied for evaluating the oxygen amount delivered by the catalyst in order to indirectly estimate the catalyst oxygen storage capacity. The EOBD has been applied with the new catalyst layout (pre and main, close coupled, etc.) in order to meet Euro 3 and Euro 4 Standards (2000/2005). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]