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In the present work, analytical method for the determination of trace elements in adipose tissue by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed. Adipose tissue from two groups of the patients with obesity (with and without metabolic syndrome) was investigated. The main aim of this study was to reveal some differences and regularities in concentrations of trace elements in adipose tissue between these two groups of the individuals. Moreover, different types of adipose tissue (subcutaneous, preperitoneal, and visceral) were analyzed separately in order to investigate distribution of metals between these types in different groups of obese people. Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Sr, and Zn were selected for the quantitative determination. However, only 6 elements (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn) were determined in all analyzed samples independently of the type of adipose tissue and presence of metabolic disorder of the patient. Concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, and Na were found to be strongly dependent on the type of adipose tissue. Other elements in terms of detection frequency in adipose tissue samples can be arranged in the following sequence Sr (94.7%), Cr (86.2%), Cu (24.6%), Li (18%), Ba (1.8%), Co (0.05%). The concentrations of Al, Mn, and Ni were found to be lower than limit of detection (LOD) in all analyzed samples. Comparison of metal distribution depending on the type of adipose tissue of people with and without metabolic syndrome is discussed in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various types of adjustable gastric bands are used during LAGB, but there is insufficient data comparing different bands in the long term. We carried out a prospective randomized study to compare two different bands. Methods: Between January 1, 2009 and January 31, 2010, 103 morbidly obese patients were randomized between SAGB and MiniMizer Extra adjustable gastric bands. The SAGB was used in 49 and MiniMizer Extra in 54 patients. Weight loss, comorbidities, long-term complications, and quality of life were evaluated after 5 years. Results: Patient baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups. The mean patient age was 45.9 ± 11.7 years, and mean preoperative BMI was 47.5 ± 7.3 kg/m. A total of 90 of 103 patients (87.3 %) completed the 5-year follow-up. The mean excess weight loss was 44.1 and 50.3 % in SAGB and MiniMizer groups, respectively ( p = 0.14). A proportion of patients who reached a BMI < 35 kg/m was significantly larger in MiniMizer Extra group (52.9 vs 25.5 %; p = 0.01). Complications developed in 15 patients (14.5 %) and consisted of 5 band erosions, 4 port-related complications, 3 band slippages, and 3 band intolerances. All five band erosions developed in MiniMizer Extra group, but the difference was not significant ( p = 0.058). No difference was found regarding postoperative complications, resolution of comorbidities, and quality of life between compared groups. Conclusions: SAGB and MiniMizer Extra bands demonstrated similar long-term results regarding the weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, morbidity, and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article on de garengeot hernia.