Search

The spectroscopic material obtained from 2015 to 2021 for the young Herbig Ae star HD 179218 is described and analyzed. The profiles of the H and He I lines and their variability on different time scales are studied. Analysis of the observation results showed that the profiles of the H line in the spectrum of HD 179218 have the shape of a single emission component with local absorption features superimposed on it, the radial velocities of which vary from the blue to the red edge of the emission. On certain dates, one can simultaneously observe several components persisting for at least three days. Over 17 observation dates, the H and He I line profiles looked like the inverse profile of P Cyg, the red boundary of which varied from date to date from to km s . Analysis of variations in the parameter for these lines by the Lafleur–Kinman method showed the presence of a regular component with the period days corresponding to the expected rotation period of the star. The detected variability of HD 179218 may be a sign of magnetospheric accretion. The object's rotation axis inclination is determined, . The pattern of the observed variability of HD 179218 can be explained by the peculiarities of its magnetism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problems of the paleogeographical evolution and changes in sedimentation environment within the Indigirka River paleovalley (the East Siberian Sea) are discussed. Based on the results of geophysical and geological research and a high-resolution study of sediment cores (grain size analysis, geochemistry, macro- and micropaleontology, pollen analysis, radiocarbon dating) the development of the Holocene marine transgression has been reconstructed, sedimentation rates have been calculated, and the basic principles of changes in sedimentation processes have been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problems of the paleogeographical evolution and changes in sedimentation environment within the Indigirka River paleovalley (the East Siberian Sea) are discussed. Based on the results of geophysical and geological research and a high-resolution study of sediment cores (grain size analysis, geochemistry, macro- and micropaleontology, pollen analysis, radiocarbon dating) the development of the Holocene marine transgression has been reconstructed, sedimentation rates have been calculated, and the basic principles of changes in sedimentation processes have been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with results of geological and geophysical study of the East Siberian Sea coastal areas are reported. Research activities started in 2018 in the frame of the State Geological Mapping Project (GK-1000/3) and continued in 2022 under support of the Russian Science Foundation. A seismo-stratigraphic scheme of the Quaternary sediment sequence has been compiled, and a conception of the paleogeographical evolution in the Late Pleistocene–Holocene has been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The near-shore zone of the East Siberian Sea is one of the least studied marine areas of the Russian Arctic. One of the important unsolved problems is the existence of a glacier sheet in the area of the New Siberian Islands, and the related debatable issue of the age and genesis of underwater ridges (bars) around the archipelago. Based on comprehensive analysis of the geological and geophysical data obtained by the Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia (VSEGEI) in 2018 and 2020 and subsequent laboratory studies, two types of submarine ridges, principally different in morphology, sediment composition, age, and genesis, were distinguished. The ridges of the first type located on the outer periphery of the underwater valley of the pra-Kolyma River and around New Siberia Island are asymmetric. They have a relative height of 1–2 m to 4–6 m, an average width of 2–4 km (up to a few tens of km), and an average length of 25–30 km (up to 100 km). According to the sampling data, the ridges of this type are composed of very dense clayey silts without an admixture of coarse clastic material. The age of the deposits forming the ridges is Late Pleistocene (18–13 ka BP). The Middle–Upper Pleistocene formations are exposed in the inter-ridge hollows. The composition, morphology, and age of the ridge deposits suggest that their genesis is associated with denudation processes, but the mechanism of their formation is not obvious. The ridges of the second type include a system of coastal bars located at a distance of up to 30 km from the coast of New Siberia Island and are composed of fine-grained, well-sorted sands. The width of the ridges varies from 1 to 2 km; the height, from 4 to 8 m; and the length is 10–15 km. They are slightly asymmetric in shape, with a gentler slope from the side of the island. This system of ridges was formed as a result of accumulative processes in the Holocene. The ridges of terminal moraines were not established within the seabed segments studied. The obtained data do not support the hypothesis of the extension of the Late Pleistocene ice sheet to the shelf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leukocyte immunoglobulin–like receptor (LILR)B3 and LILRA6 genes encode homologous myeloid inhibitory and activating orphan receptors, respectively. Both genes exhibit a strikingly high level of polymorphism at the amino acid level and LILRA6 (but not LILRB3) displays copy number variation (CNV). Although multiple alleles have been reported for both genes, limited data is available on frequencies of these alleles among humans. We have sequenced LILRB3/A6 exons encoding signal peptides and ectodomains in 91 healthy blood donors of European descent who carry one or two copies of LILRA6 per diploid genome. Analysis of haplotypes among individuals with two LILRA6 copies, representing the majority in this cohort (N = 86), shows that common LILRB3 and LILRA6 alleles encode some distinct amino acid sequences in homologous regions of the receptors, which could potentially impact their respective functions differentially. Comparison of sequences in individuals with one vs. two copies of LILRA6 supports non-allelic homologous recombination between LILRB3 and LILRA6 as a mechanism for generating LILRA6 CNV and LILRB3 diversity. These data characterize LILRB3/LILRA6 genetic variation in more detail than previously described and underscore the need to determine their ligands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II loci are essential elements of innate and acquired immunity. Their functions include antigen presentation to T cells leading to cellular and humoral immune responses, and modulation of NK cells. Their exceptional influence on disease outcome has now been made clear by genome-wide association studies. The exons encoding the peptide-binding groove have been the main focus for determining HLA effects on disease susceptibility/pathogenesis. However, HLA expression levels have also been implicated in disease outcome, adding another dimension to the extreme diversity of HLA that impacts variability in immune responses across individuals. To estimate HLA expression, immunogenetic studies traditionally rely on quantitative PCR (qPCR). Adoption of alternative high-throughput technologies such as RNA-seq has been hampered by technical issues due to the extreme polymorphism at HLA genes. Recently, however, multiple bioinformatic methods have been developed to accurately estimate HLA expression from RNA-seq data. This opens an exciting opportunity to quantify HLA expression in large datasets but also brings questions on whether RNA-seq results are comparable to those by qPCR. In this study, we analyze three classes of expression data for HLA class I genes for a matched set of individuals: (a) RNA-seq, (b) qPCR, and (c) cell surface HLA-C expression. We observed a moderate correlation between expression estimates from qPCR and RNA-seq for HLA-A, -B, and -C (0.2 ≤ rho ≤ 0.53). We discuss technical and biological factors which need to be accounted for when comparing quantifications for different molecular phenotypes or using different techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of paleogeographic studies on the Curonian Spit (geological section GS 024), a coastal section was studied from the sea in the area of the village of Lesnoy in the place where relict lagoon oozes come out. The granulometric, chemical, and mineral compositions of slope sands were studied for the first time. Heterogeneous conditions for the formation of sand strata were confirmed. A high probability of a secondary change in the composition of sediments as a result of weathering processes was revealed. The results of the study indicate a gradual advance of sand deposits on the coastal part of the lagoon, which began about 10 ka ago. Differentiation of the sand stratum into lower and upper parts with respect to an interlayer marker of coarse-grained sand identified in the section may reflect different stages of generation of the sand stratum: from an alleged shallow-water swell formed during sea level rise to beach and eolian sands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an -coloring problem on a path, vertices are colored with colors from an ordered set such that neighboring vertices get colors that have distance at least 2 and vertices at distance 2 in the graph get different colors. We consider the problem of finding an -coloring using a minimum range of colors and limited memory in an online setting. The vertices arrive in consecutive time steps together with information about their neighbors and vertices at distance 2 among the previously revealed vertices. It was proved before that the online algorithm we are using requires colors in a range to color the vertices of the path and remembering all of them in the memory [1]. We show that it is enough to add one new color in a range to use only of vertices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New data are presented on the geological sequence, composition, and genesis of Late Pleistocene–Holocene deposits in the southern part of the East Siberian Sea (Long Strait to Chaun Bay). Basic materials were collected during a marine geological expedition by the A.P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI) carried out in 2018 for geological mapping of sheets R-56–R-60. Research included sub-bottom profiling, side-scan sonar survey and multibeam echo sounder, sediment sampling (box corer and gravity corer). Processing and interpretation of geophysical data and study of sediment cores, including layer-by-layer grain-size, geochemical, diatom, and palynological analysis, as well as radiocarbon dating, were used to update the knowledge on reconstruction of the geological development of the region and refine the palaeoclimatic and palaeogeographic characteristics of the natural environment in the Late Pleistocene–Holocene. During the Sartan Cooling within the off-shore study area, continental conditions prevailed, but no seafloor landforms or any sediments formed by glacial activity were found, since erosional processes dominated at that time. Sediments accumulated within shallow freshwater lakes (possibly thermokarst in origin), river valleys, and semienclosed lagoons. Since the end of Pleistocene, the sea level rose irregularly, as evidenced by characteristic seafloor landforms (longshore bars, underwater terraces, foredeltas, etc.). Holocene sedimentation is characterized by high facial diversity, low sedimentation rates, and weak sorting of sedimentary material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paleoclimatic events of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene have been clarified based on the results of detailed lithological, geochemical, pollen, and paleomagnetic studies of sediment cores collected in the eastern Gulf of Finland. The time frame of the change from lacustrine to marine sedimentation conditions has been refined based on the radiocarbon dating. For deposits of the marine phase of the Baltic Sea in the eastern Gulf of Finland, hypoxia cycles associated with periods of warming during the Holocene have been revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most widespread mycotoxin contaminants of agricultural crops. Despite being associated with a range of adverse health effects, a comprehensive systems-level mechanistic understanding of the toxicity of OTA remains elusive. In the present study, metabolic profiling by high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR, coupled to intact zebrafish embryos, was employed to identify metabolic pathways in relation to a systems-level model of OTA toxicity. Embryotoxicity was observed at sub-micromolar exposure concentrations of OTA. Localization of OTA, based on intrinsic fluorescence, as well as a co-localization of increased reactive oxygen species production, was observed in the liver kidney, brain and intestine of embryos. Moreover, HRMAS NMR showed significant alteration of metabolites related to targeting of the liver (i.e., hepatotoxicity), and pathways associated with detoxification and oxidative stress, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Based on metabolic profiles, and complementary assays, an integrated model of OTA toxicity is, thus, proposed. Our model suggests that OTA hepatotoxicity compromises detoxification and antioxidant pathways, leading to mitochondrial membrane dysfunction manifested by crosstalk between pathways of energy metabolism. Interestingly, our data additionally aligns with a possible role of mitochondrial fusion as a "passive mechanism" to rescue mitochondrial integrity during OTA toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We obtain a criterion given in terms of the Fourier-Haar co-efficients for the function f(x1, x2) to belong to the net space Np̄, q̄(M) and to the Lebesgue space Lp̄[0, 1]2 with mixed metric, where 1 < p̄ < ∞,0 < q̄ ≤ ∞, p̄ =(p1, p2), q̄=(q1, q2) and M is the set of all rectangles in ℝ2. We prove the Hardy-Littlewood theorem for multiple Fourier-Haar series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High manganese steels with different contents of carbon and additionally alloyed with silicon are investigated. Mechanical properties of the steels under tensile deformation are determined, and the changes in their phase compositions are studied. The phase compositions of steels after quenching and after quenching with subsequent deformation are investigated by the X-ray diffraction method. Magnetometric measurements are performed directly during tensile deformation. It is shown that deformation has a different effect on the phase composition of steels, namely: in steel 40G20, a small amount of strain martensite is formed as a result of deformation; in steel 25G20S3, a substantial part of austenite undergoes a martensitic transformation (γ → ε). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the interpolation properties of anisotropic net spaces , where , . It is shown that the scale of spaces is closed with respect to the Fernandez multidimensional interpolation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current state of guaranteeing operational safety of process pipelines of hydrocarbon materials processing plants and the causes of their failures, which may be attended by explosions and fires and formation of mixtures that produce toxic effect on people and environment, are investigated. It is shown that the methods used for expert assessment of the safety of these objects and the devices for evaluation of their technical state, which are oriented to detection of various existing defects, are not adequately efficient and that it is essential to detect the incipient defects in the metal structure against the background of its stressed-strained state. It is proposed to use, for assessing the technical state and the service life of the process pipelines, a transfer function, i.e., a dynamic mathematical model of the monitored object, which represents its performance properties. The performance properties of a pipeline are expressed through the mechanical, acoustic, magnetic, and electrical properties of the material, which change with change in the stressed-strained state of the pipeline and with initiation and development of defects. Thus, transfer function enables assessment of the current technical state of pipelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with the legal status of maritime cultural heritage (MCH) and maritime spatial planning (MSP) in Russia. One of the main problems is that, in Russia, the MCH, especially when non-archaeological objects of underwater cultural heritage (UCH), do not stand out at the legislative level. UCH is not mentioned in any legal act so far. Currently, several legislative initiatives proposed by the coastal constituent entities of the Baltic Sea are supported by the Marine Board and under consideration by the State Duma of the Russian Federation. It is expected that two proposed laws will be fully adopted by the end of 2020. MCH is not fully integrated into the pilot MSP in Russia. In the frame of the BalticRIM project, all existent MCH data in the Baltic Sea Region (Russian Sectors of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Finland) has been collected and compiled as a database. This database is the first step in integrating MCH into the MSP process; even the latter has no legal status. The Russian case could be an example of including the MCH into the MSP process from the very beginning to have the opportunity to provide key priority areas for MCH, as has been advised by MSP planners. The next step for the Russian case is to develop the new pilot MSP for the Russian Sectors of the Baltic Sea, considering the priority areas for MCH. The analysis of the MSP and MCH legislation in Russia allowed for the development of the proposals and further steps to develop mechanisms for the UCH management of both that which remains on the seabed and items subject to transfer/remove for subsequent storage onshore. These steps should be taken at the regional and national levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 51st cruise of the PV Akademik Sergey Vavilov (June 30–July 14, 2021) included the study of redox conditions in the Baltic Sea deeps. Water temperature in the upper quasi-uniform layer significantly exceeded average climatic values for July, especially in the Gulf of Finland (by 7–7.5°С) due to abnormally hot weather. A setup of cyanobacterial aggregates from the subsurface layer to the surface was observed, it occurred earlier than normal. In cooperation with the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University an integrated survey was carried out at the Kaliningrad carbon polygon and the IV International Summer School "Coastal Sea Zone: Research, Management and Perspectives" was held. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A complete description of multipliers of Fourier–Haar series in Lorentz spaces is given. Necessary and sufficient conditions for sequences of complex numbers to belong to the class of multipliers of Fourier–Haar series are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently there are several effective synthetic methods for preparing various N-mono- and N,N-dialkylated imidazole derivatives with a very wide variety of biological activities including antiplatelet and anticoagulation effects. The present work reports N-mono- and N,N-dialkylation of 2-methyl-, 2-ethyl-, and 4-nitroimidazoles using (adamantyl-1)bromomethylketone. The synthesized compounds were identified by elemental analyses and PMR and IR spectroscopy. Five compounds having antiplatelet properties were found in in vitro investigations of the antiplatelet and anticoagulation activity in blood of healthy volunteers. The anticoagulation effects of these compounds on the maximum aggregation amplitude were comparable with that of acetylsalicylic acid and even exceeded it with respect to the duration of inhibition of the platelet release reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 59th cruise of the P/V Akademik Ioffe (September–October 2021), geophysical, sedimentological, hydrological, hydrochemical, and biological studies were carried out in the eastern North Atlantic. Here we present preliminary results of the complex oceanological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

8-Bromo-1-iso-butyl-3-methyl-7-(thietanyl-3)xanthine (II) was synthesized by alkylation of 8-bromo-3-methyl-7-(thietanyl-3)xanthine (I) with isobutyl bromide. Nucleophilic substitution of II with thioglycolic acid gave 2{[1-iso-butyl-3-methyl-7-(thietanyl-3)xanthin-8-yl]thio}acetic acid (III). A series of water-soluble salts of 2{[1-iso-butyl-3-methyl-7-(thietanyl-3)xanthin-8-yl]thio}acetic acid (IVa-h) were synthesized by reaction of III with organic and inorganic bases. Compounds possessing antiaggregant activity on the level of acetylsalicylic acid were found among salts IV. All obtained compounds except for IVa and IVc suppressed lipid peroxidation less than ascorbic acid. However, all synthesized compounds suppressed generation of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes, in contrast to ascorbic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reactions of 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-7-(thietan-3-yl)- and 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-7-(1,1-dioxothietan-3-yl)xanth- 8-ylthio]acetic acids with amines (diethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, piperidine, cyclohexylamine, and benzylamine) gave 42 – 89% yields of 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-xanth-8-ylthio]- acetate salts containing thietanyl and dioxothietanyl rings. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using IR and PMR spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds exhibited anti-aggregation activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sparingly alloyed high-manganese austenitic steels 40G20 and 25G20S3 are studied. The phase composition, the structure and the mechanical properties of the steels are determined after quenching from the austenitic range, and their variation during tension of standard specimens is studied by the methods of transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. The characteristics of strain hardening of the steels are determined from the results of the mechanical tests. It is shown that the strain develops either by twinning (TWIP effect, steel 40G20) or due to formation of strain martensite (TRIP effect, steel 25G20S3) depending on the stacking fault energy. The change in the strain mechanism changes the strain hardening and the strength and ductility properties of the steels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethyl 2-[8-Arylmethylidenehydrazino-3-methyl-7-(1-oxothietan-3-yl)xanth-1-yl]acetates (IV) were synthesized via reactions of ethyl 2-[8-hydrazino-3-methyl-7-(1-oxothietan-3-yl)xanth-1-yl]acetic acid (III) with various benzaldehydes and acetophenones. The structures of the compounds were elucidated using IR and NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The antiplatelet, anticoagulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities were assessed in vitro and in laboratory animals to identify promising compounds exhibiting antiplatelet (hydrazone IVd) and antioxidant properties (hydrazone IVb). Both IVb and IVd according to in silico calculations were characterized by the absence of toxic risks (mutagenicity, oncogenicity, reproductive toxicity, local irritation) and had acceptable topological polar surface area so that they were promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of long-term spectral monitoring of the Herbig Be star IL Cep A are presented. A smooth variation in the parameters of the Нα and Нβ line emission component has been discovered. The helium absorption lines He I λ4922 and 5876 Å show seasonal changes, however, these changes do not correlate with changes in hydrogen emission. The radial velocities of the narrow lines D Na I and DIB λ5780, 5796 Å correspond to that of the interstellar medium. The hydrogen emission lines are apparently formed in a triple system, including a close pair of B stars and a remote low-mass K–A component. The orbital elements of this system were calculated using an approximate spectral binary model, where a close pair of massive B stars was considered as one massive component. The rationale for this approach for determining the elements of the orbit is given. The orbital period P = 3550 ± 28 days is determined and some other parameters of the orbit are estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In AMK-4474 marine sediment core, retrieved from the northern part of the eastern (left) levee of the Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel, two stratigraphic units were identified. The lower unit is represented by the Late Quaternary fine-grained sediments of the upper turbidite sequences. The presence of a 17–24 µm mode in grain-size distributions within the thin interlayers of silt in the lower unit may reflect a sorting of sedimentary material by the spillover of turbidity currents. The process is similar to the contour currents activity. This allows applying an indicator of the contour current speed–sortable silt (SS) content–to estimate the intensity of the spill-over current. The upper unit, formed during the last 26 ka, is represented by pelagic sediments. The presence of the fine-grained interlayer in the upper unit of AMK-4474 core is apparently due to a decrease in IRD supply to the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the results of spectral observations of the Herbig Ae/Be star HD179218. We discovered a wave-like variation in the parameters of the Hα line emission component with a typical time scale of about 40 days. The observed wave is characterized by a significant decrease in the measured line parameters, with conspicuous branches of increasing and decreasing parameters. Simultaneously, additional blue and red emission and absorption components appear and disappear in the Hα line profile during the moment of minimum. The observed variations in the spectrum of the star may be explained by the existence of polar winds and accretion, or by assuming that the star is a binary system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine sediments and samples of suspended particulate matter from the North Atlantic were studied. It is shown that modern sedimentation in this area is controlled mainly by the efficiency of autochthonous marine phytoplankton and sediment supply by the system of near-bottom currents, as well as by means of the ice-rafting. The studied sediment sections were formed in the North Atlantic during the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene. The highest sedimentation rate, up to 58.3 cm/kyr, is established for AI-3359 core, collected in the area of the Gardar and Björn Drifts. This makes the core very interesting for detailed paleoreconstructions. AI-3378 and AI-3415 cores are characterized by low sedimentation rates. Nevertheless, they are of interest for spatial paleoreconstructions on a continuous timeline. The general pattern is established for the first time for the sediments from the central North Atlantic: biogeochemically significant processes are detected only in the thin surface layer (0–2 cm) and almost completely cease at depths of 90–180 cm. The processes are probably controlled by the position of the sampling stations and the composition of organic matter (OM) but not related to the age of the sedimentary layer. The low microbial activity in the sediments is most likely the result of a lack of OM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23060168 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geological, hydrological, hydrochemical, and biological research has been carried out in the eastern tropical Atlantic. Based on the multibeam echo-sounding and seismic profiling north of the Kane Gap (Sierra Leone Rise), an extensive sedimentary body (contourite fan) has been identified. Data of hydrophysical sounding allows assuming the existence of an overflow of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) through the Kane Gap and its northward penetration. In the sediment cores (Middle Pleistocene to Holocene age), an influence of the AABW is reflected in the alternation of the high and medium carbonate dissolution rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies by many researchers show that hypodynamia, insufficient nutrition, stress, and other malicious habits create serious problems for the health of children and adolescents. Physical and mental health promotion among children in schools and thereby improvement of their learning achievements is a novel idea which is a focus of doctors, psychologists, and teachers as educators. Experts point out that most of the primary school children spend 25% of their awake time, daily on average, sitting down in class and after school. Inadequate environment and climate in schools lead to limited mobility, physical disability, visual disturbances and other health problems among children. Some studies reveal that only 2-15% of graduates of general schools are fully healthy. Over the past decade, some state programs have been adopted in different countries to address these problems. This paper reports on a 4-year follow-up data—from 2013 to 2017 inclusively—collected from the healthy life style education adopted in primary schools of Azerbaijan Republic; and it analyses the outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New recombinant strains based on the lower fungus Penicillium canescens are engineered to produce an extracellular enzyme complex that contains a homologous endo-1,4-β-xylanase E (XylE, EC 3.2.1.8). Expression of the gene encoding XylE is controlled by the promoter of the xylA gene, which encodes endo- 1,4-β-xylanase A. Comparative analysis of enzyme preparations (EPs) isolated from the culture liquid of the host strain (Penicillium canescens RN3-11-7) and the new recombinant P. canescens strains of the XylE series is performed. The specific activity of the EPs against a specific substrate (birch glucuronoxylan) is studied, and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the new EPs XylE-B5 and XylE-C1, as well as the RN3 EP from the host strain, is determined. The decrease in the reduced viscosity of native (not subjected to thermal inactivation) aqueous extracts of rye treated with XylE-B5 EP was double that in the case of treatment with RN3 EP, due to high content of inhibition-resistant XylE in the new EPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reductase capable of reducing hemoglobin-like proteins was isolated from nodule bacteria Bradyrhizobium lupini and bacteroids of lupine root nodules. It is similar in some properties to many known methemoglobin reductases reducing animal and plant hemoglobins. It is a NADH-dependent FAD-containing flavoprotein with molecular weight of 87 kDa without metals. The presence of such enzymes in prokaryotes could be an explanation for the physiological activity of both bacterial and eukaryotic hemoglobins expressed in bacterial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welded joints of medium-alloy steels XJY750 and 40KhN2MA are studied in the initial condition and after different variants of annealing. Special features of the phase transformations occurring in the welded steels are determined. Optimum modes of annealing are recommended for the studied welded joints of drill pipes, which provide a high level of mechanical properties including the case of impact loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planktonic foraminiferal and ice-rafted debris count data, as well as the mean size of mineral particles of the 10-63 μm fraction (sortable silt, $$\overline {SS} $$ ) were used as a proxy for surface and near-bottom paleocurrent intensity variations. The data obtained support our hypothesis about turbiditic origin of the lower (80-370 cm) section of the studied AMK-4515 core. Stratigraphic subdivision of the upper section (0-80 cm) makes it possible to allocate two marine isotope stages (MIS) covering the last 27 ka. The main intervals of the North Atlantic Polar Front (PF) migrations were recorded: south of the modern PF position during early MIS 2 (24-27 ka) with PF presence in the study area during MIS 2 (20-24 ka); south of the study area during the last glacial maximum (18-20 ka). Influence of the near-bottom currents within the investigated interval led to beginning of the channel-related drift formation on the northern slope of the southern channel of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone. There is a weak relationship between intensity of near-bottom contour currents and long-term climatic cyclicity. However, intervals corresponding to Heinrich events coincide with decrease in bottom currents activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of the optical spectra of three Herbig Ae/Be stars is presented: MWC 361,MWC 614, AB Aur. Variations of the equivalent widths, radial velocities, and profiles of spectral lines formed in different regions of the circumstellar environments of these stars are analyzed. The most active spectral variations are observed in the Hα, Hβ, and He I 5876 lines. Other emission lines, such as Si II λλ6347, 6371 Åand [O I] λλ6300, 6363 Å, also display variations, but these are much smaller. Interstellar DIBs at λλ5780 and 5797 ˚A were detected for the stars MWC 361 and MWC 614 for the first time. The active processes that are underway in the circumstellar environments of these systems can also reach more distant, outer parts of their circumstellar disks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 44th cruise of R/V Akademik Boris Petrov was carried out from October 5 to 30, 2018 in the Baltic Sea and Skagerrak Strait. The studies included investigation of the water column structure, bottom currents, bottom sediments, and biological communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mean size of mineral particles of the 10-63 μm fraction (the so-called 'sortable silt' mean size ( $$\overline {SS} $$)) was used as proxy for the variations in paleocurrent intensity. The modes of grain-size distribution were also examined. Sediments with bimodal grain size distribution (the second mode varies from 10 to 28 μm) correlate with the increased mean size of sortable silt (up to 18-23 μm) at the Hatton and Snorry Drifts. These parameters indicate an increase in bottom-current intensity during MIS 1, 3, and 5e. There is no correlation between grain-size distribution and climatic cyclicity of variations in contour-current intensity at the Gloria Drift. The similarity between AMK-4493 sediments and IRD-containing hemiturbidites of the Labrador Sea render doubtful the contourite nature of the Gloria Drift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main migrations of the Polar front (PF) during the last 300 ka were identified using planktic foraminiferal census data and derived from them sea surface paleotemperature (SST) estimates in two synchronized AMK-4438 and M23414 cores recovered directly beneath the main stream of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) south of Iceland. During the summer seasons, the cold waters adjacent to the PF did not reach the studied sites. These waters occurred here only during the winter seasons of MIS 2, 6, and 8. The northern part of the study area was influenced by the arctic waters more often than its southern part. During MIS 8 and 6 isotherms in the North Atlantic had mainly the subzonal orientation, while during MIS 2-4 they had the submeridional orientation. During the interglacials, the PF was located northward and westward from the study area. During MIS 7, the front was presumably situated closer to the study area in comparison with its modern position, and the isotherms were oriented mainly subzonal. For the MIS 5e period, we observed the most distant retreat of PF from the investigated area in the western and northwestern direction in relation to the anomalous deflection of the NAC to the north-west (intensification of the Irminger current) and the predominance of the submeridional orientation of the isotherms in the study area. During MIS 1, as well as MIS 7, the isotherms in the study area had mainly the subzonal orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR)B3 and LILRA6 represent a pair of inhibitory/activating receptors with identical extracellular domains and unknown ligands. LILRB3 can mediate inhibitory signaling via immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs in its cytoplasmic tail whereas LILRA6 can signal through association with an activating adaptor molecule, FcRγ, which bears a cytoplasmic tail with an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif. The receptors are encoded by two highly polymorphic neighboring genes within the leukocyte receptor complex on human chromosome 19. Here, we report that the two genes display similar levels of single nucleotide polymorphisms with the majority of polymorphic sites being identical. In addition, the LILRA6 gene exhibits copy number variation (CNV) whereas LILRB3 does not. A screen of healthy Caucasians indicated that 32 % of the subjects possessed more than two copies of LILRA6, whereas 4 % have only one copy of the gene per diploid genome. Analysis of mRNA expression in the major fractions of PBMCs showed that LILRA6 is primarily expressed in monocytes, similarly to LILRB3, and its expression level correlates with copy number of the gene. We suggest that the LILRA6 CNV may influence the level of the activating receptor on the cell surface, potentially affecting signaling upon LILRB3/A6 ligation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleotemperature reconstructions based on foraminiferal analysis and estimates of the iceberg-rafted debris (IRD) obtained from sediment core AMK-4438 are provided. The sediments are dated 300 ka. It was shown that, during this period, sea surface conditions in the northeastern Iceland Basin varied considerably because of both glacial-interglacial alternation and short-term fluctuations of sea surface temperature due to ice melting during the Heinrich events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garden angelica ( Archangelica officinalis L.) tolerance to the action of Urals crude oil was studied. It was established that, at the oil dose up to 30 g/kg of soil, plant weight was increased and the photosynthetic apparatus was activated. Garden angelica manifested tolerance to oil dose up to 60 g/kg. It is proposed to use this plant for remediation of areas contaminated with oil products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the geological investigation studies of contourite systems in the South Atlantic ocean which were conducted from October 3, 2014 to November 7, 2014 by the institution Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences during the the R/V Akademik Ioffe ship's 46th cruise. Topics discussed include people involved in the expedition, the goals and geological works of the expedition. The results of the expedition are highlighted.

The article discusses "The World Ocean in the 21st Century: Climate, Ecosystems, Resources, and Catastrophes" geological survey study of the Northern Atlantic ocean conducted by the organization Russian Science Foundation from June 11, 2015 to July 4, 2015 during the 49th Cruise of the R/V Akademik Ioffe ship. Topics discussed include study of atmospheric aerosols, suspended sediment matter and bottom sediments. Topics including microbiological studies and vertical fluxes are discussed.

The CD209 gene family that encodes C-type lectins in primates includes CD209 (DC-SIGN), CD209L (L-SIGN) and CD209L2. Understanding the evolution of these genes can help understand the duplication events generating this family, the process leading to the repeated neck region and identify protein domains under selective pressure. We compiled sequences from 14 primates representing 40 million years of evolution and from three non-primate mammal species. Phylogenetic analyses used Bayesian inference, and nucleotide substitutional patterns were assessed by codon-based maximum likelihood. Analyses suggest that CD209 genes emerged from a first duplication event in the common ancestor of anthropoids, yielding CD209L2 and an ancestral CD209 gene, which, in turn, duplicated in the common Old World primate ancestor, giving rise to CD209L and CD209. KA/KS values averaged over the entire tree were 0.43 (CD209), 0.52 (CD209L) and 0.35 (CD209L2), consistent with overall signatures of purifying selection. We also assessed the Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene family, which shares with CD209 genes a common profile of evolutionary constraint. The general feature of purifying selection of CD209 genes, despite an apparent redundancy (gene absence and gene loss), may reflect the need to faithfully recognize a multiplicity of pathogen motifs, commensals and a number of self-antigens.Genes and Immunity (2008) 9, 483–492; doi:10.1038/gene.2008.40; published online 5 June 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes and examines methods and systems for analyzing a spectrum of mechanical vibrations similar to the spectrums encountered in vibration tests. A linear model of the vibration channel is used. Quantitative estimates of the quality of analysis of various systems are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines methods of evaluating the harmonic components of deterministic vibrations. The methods are based on different techniques for additional treatment of the results of spectral analysis. The added treatment makes it possible to more accurately determine the parameters of the harmonic components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective acquired immune response to infectious agents mediated by HLA-restricted T-cell recognition can target different stages of disease pathogenesis. We show here that three distinct HLA alleles known to alter the overall rate of AIDS progression act during distinct intervals after HIV-1 infection. The discrete timing of HLA allele influence suggests alternative functional mechanisms in immune defense against this dynamic and chronic immunosuppressive disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]