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"Awake surgery" is considered as the gold standard for carotid endarterectomy. Hereby, we report the efficacy and the safety of "ultrasound-guided carotid sheath block combined with superficial cervical plexus block technique" for carotid endarterectomy. Even we successfully showed this technique in our study, further studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of carotid sheath block for carotid endarterectomy with or without combinations of cervical plexus block and to determine the optimum dose of local anesthetic for a successful carotid sheath block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastric cancer is a major global public health problem. It is the fourth most common cancer and the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in the field of medical and radiation oncology, surgical resection is a crucial intervention and remains the mainstay of gold standard treatment. Recently, the effects of anesthesia method(s) and/or anesthetic agent(s) on survival for different types of cancers gained attention. So, we want to summarize the evidences of anesthesia methods and/or anesthetic agents preferred for gastric cancer surgery on the survival. Main body: The Web of Science software was used for the search and the analysis. To analyze scientific productivity of all scientific papers published about survival of patients due to the anesthesia methods or anesthetic agents on gastric cancer in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) from 1980 to December 5, 2020, the date of the search was searched by using the terms of "gastric cancer," "survival," and "anesthesia" in the topic search section of the software. As a result, overall, fifteen papers were related to our topic. Four of these studies compared total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with general anesthesia, five of these compared general anesthesia with general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia/analgesia for gastric cancer, and three of these studies investigated effect of anesthetic agents for gastric cells in in vitro conditions. Other publications were review on this topic. Conclusions: The important role of anesthesia in treatment of gastric cancer patients is still controversial. Further prospective randomized studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In December of 2019, a new disease which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, as an epidemic disease out of Wuhan, China, began to circulate. On March 11, 2020, the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health had announced the first case from Turkey. The aim of this study is to analyze the scientific publications in the field of COVID-19 included in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) from Turkey and to establish a theoretical background for future studies in the health literature with obtained valuable information about the publications. We searched all papers published in the field of COVID-19 by using the terms of "COVID-19," "2019-n-CoV," "SARS-CoV-2," "Coronavirus disease 19," and "2019 novel coronavirus" as scientific nomenclatures of COVID-19 in the topic search section of the software. Results: Overall, 47,368 papers, indexed by SCI-E, were found related to COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and December 13, 2020. Of these, 931 were from Turkey. In terms of specialities, the most contribution was from the Medicine General Internal followed by Dermatology. Most of the publications were article. English was the most preferred language in papers. Dermatological Theraphy published the most paper. Conclusions: Applying this kind of analysis on an intermittent basis gives a general perspective for contribution of a countries to scientific publications and useful for the further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since COVID-19 global pandemic, "early awake proning in non-intubated patients with COVID-19" has been suggested as anecdotal evidence. Hereby, we report an awake and non-intubated patient with COVID-19 pneumonia who was successfully managed with early self-proning. Case presentation: A 68-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a respiratory distress. He was non-smoker and denied any significant past medical history. His chest computed tomography scan showed "ground glass opacities" and "consolidation areas" located especially in the peripheral sites of both lungs which were consistent with a coronavirus pneumonia and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification by a nasopharyngeal swab sample for SARS-Cov-2 was also positive. His initial therapy with hdroxychloroquine and favipiravir was started. Due to deterioration of the patient's oxygenation, he was transferred to the intensive care unit for further treatment with non-invasive mechanical ventilation on supine position and intermittent "awake early self-proning positioning" was applied. Additionally, antibiotherapy, anticoagulant therapy, and convalescent plasma therapy were also administered to the patient. On the 17th day of the ICU admission, he was transferred back to the ward. And the patient was discharged from the hospital on the 19th day of his initial admission. Conclusions: Although some case reports and small case series initially noted potential improvement in oxygenation by awake proning, further research is required to evaluate the exact benefits and proper applications of prone positioning in awake patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: After thyroid diseases, hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine surgical diseases. The increasing diagnosis of thyroid pathologies in early stages and a societal emphasis on physical appearances, especially in young women, have led to the development of new surgical techniques alternative to conventional transcervical incision consistently. Here, we describe our anesthesia experience for parathyroidectomy with Transoral Endoscopic Parathyroidectomy by Vestibular Approach (TOEPVA). Patients who undergo TOEPVA at our institution between November 2018 and April 2019 were reviewed. Demographic data and hemodynamic parameters were reported. Results: Seven patients were operated successfully by this technique, none of which required conversion to conventional open surgery. Two patients required atropine and one patient required ephedrine during insufflation. Conclusion: After induction of anesthesia with propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium and anesthesia managed by desflurane co-administered with continuous infusion of remifentanil provide feasible and safe anesthesia for TOEPVA. However, especially during hydrodissection and insufflation, a close cooperation between surgeon and anesthetist has a great value to improve patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women, results to moderate to severe acute postoperative pain. Pectoral nerve block I and II, relatively new regional techniques, were introduced for perioperative and postoperative postmastectomy pain by Blanco in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of combined pectoral nerve block I and pectoral nerve block II blocks for perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative analgesia and also contribute to new topic in anaesthesia: "Opioid-free anaesthesia is possible with combination of pectoral blocks in breast cancer surgery". Sixty women patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists status I–III, aged ≥ 18 years undergoing breast surgeries, were included to study. Cases were randomly allocated to two groups: Group I, opioid-based general anaesthesia, and Group II, non-opioid general anaesthesia except induction of anaesthesia with pectoral nerve block I and pectoral nerve block II blocks. Patients demographic characteristics, intraoperative total remifentanil consumption, duration of surgery, first analgesic demand after surgery, nausea and vomiting, surgeon and patient satisfaction were recorded. Two groups were similar in terms of demographic features, surgery time, surgery type and vomiting. The mean remifentanil consumption in Group I was 8.63 mL (SD = 3.18) compared to mean = 1.73 mL (SD = 1.04) in Group II. Statistically lower remifentanil consumption was recorded in Group II than Group I. No patient developed nausea after surgery in Group II. Time for first analgesic demand after surgery for Group I and II were 35.00 (SD = 19.60) and 124.5 (SD = 99.00) minutes respectively. Time for first analgesic demand after surgery was statistically significant between the groups. Satisfaction scores were higher in Group II for both surgeon and patient. General anaesthesia combined with pectoral nerve block I and pectoral nerve block II blocks which is gaining acceptance over the world is safe and effective for breast surgery. We thought that further studies are necessary to investigate timing of blocks and combinations of blocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometric analysis provides measures of the quality and quantity of researches undertaken by departments/individuals and indicates countries' contribution toward scientific development. The aim of this bibliometric study is to analyze scientific publications on cervical plexus blocks. Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)/Web of Knowledge Science was used for the analysis. A retrospective search was performed using the terms "cervical plexus block (CPB)," "superficial-CPB," "intermediate-CPB," "deep-CPB," "regional anesthesia in CPB," and "loco-regional anesthesia in CPB". We further analyzed these results by the "analyze" function of the software in terms of number of papers from each country, type of documentation, number of publications per year, name of journals, and authors. The number of citations to published works was also calculated by using the citation function of the same software. Two hundred sixty papers were found related to cervical plexus block. The biggest contribution was from the USA (14.61%). The acceleration of the publications began in 2004. But there were three sharp declines in 2007, 2014, and 2016, respectively, after the acceleration in publications. CPBs were most frequently employed for carotid endarterectomy. Other indications for CPB application were otoplasty, thyroid, and parathyroid surgery (for analgesia and/or anesthesia) and recently perioperative analgesia during cervical spine surgery; but the number of publications on these topics is very limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pectoral nerve blocks (Pecs I and Pecs II) are superficial thoracic wall blocks which block the pectoral and intercostal nerves. They can be used as analgesia/anesthesia for breast surgery and other procedures/surgeries involving the anterior chest wall (arteriovenous graft creation surgery, minimally invasive cardiac surgery and thoracotomy, etc.). The aim of this study is to evaluate publications in the scientific field of pectoral nerve blocks. ISI Web of Knowledge-Science was used for the analysis. All scientific works published included in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) from 1975 to January 27, 2019, were analyzed. A retrospective search was performed using key words "pectoral nerve block," "PECS I," "PECS II," "pecs block," "PECS block,""Pecs I," "Pecs II," "PECS 1," "PECS 2," and "modified pecs I block." We further analyzed these results by the "analyze" function of the software in terms of number of papers for each country, type of documentation, number of publications per year, and name of journals and authors. The number of citations to published works was also calculated by using the citation function of the same software. 72 papers were found related to pectoral nerve block. The biggest contribution was from India (24.28%), and followed by Japan (14.28%), USA (14.28%), Canada (7.14%), Egypt (7.14%), Italy (5.71%), and South Korea (5.71%). The total number of publications increased sharply in years from 2014 (n = 1) to 2018 (n = 28). We have detected that papers on the use of pecs block in breast cancer surgery, which is one of the most common surgical procedure in the world, are few in the literature. With this study, we hope to increase the awareness on this area. We believe that pecs block applications will become widespread with the increasing use of ultrasound in anesthesia and the increase in education in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an unusual case: a 37-year-old-female who was presented to the emergency department with acute generalized urticaria and underwent urgent laparotomy with provisional diagnosis of anaphylaxis secondary to hepatic hydatid cyst rupture due to abdominal trauma, which was diagnosed preoperatively on abdominal computed tomography scan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide is thyroidectomy. Although thyroid surgery is generally accepted as a safe surgery, its complications are still not uncommon. But a tracheal cuff rupture during conventional total thyroidectomy due to a surgical needle injury is a very unusual complication. In this report, we present uneventful anesthesia management of a case without re-intubation whose endotracheal tube cuff was ruptured during conventional total thyroidectomy due to surgical needle injury. Two hours and 15 min after commencing the operation, the tidal volume decreased abruptly and we detected that the pilot balloon of the endotracheal tube was collapsed. A surgical team was informed, and they stated that the endotracheal tube cuff may be damaged with a surgical needle injury during a particular step of the operation. Anesthesia was maintained with increased oxygen flow and increased fractional inspired oxygen without reintubation. After extubation, the rupture of the endotracheal tube cuff was confirmed by concomitant deflation of endotracheal tube cuff during the inflation of the pilot balloon and observing air bubbles from a laceration on the upper part of the balloon in water. An attentive communication between surgery and anesthesia team members is crucial for better outcomes, especially in case of unusual situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 45-year-old woman with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was treated by transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA). Two days after the surgery, she was diagnosed with buccal mucosal burn due to frequent use of chlorhexidine mouthwash than suggested. The buccal mucosal burn was healed by itself after discontinuing chlorhexidine mouthwash without any special treatment in 10 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of coexisting anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and concordance of HPV types in women with cervical HPV infection and to investigate the possible predictors for anal HPV infection. Methods: Study group was composed of women referred with documented cervical HPV infection. All patients had undergone anal HPV DNA testing. Results: One hundred and six patients presenting with cervical HPV infection were eligible for the study. Overall, 24 and 20 distinct HPV genotypes were detected from cervical and anal specimens, respectively. We observed a considerably high prevalence (51.9 %) of coexisting anal HPV infection in our study group. A majority of the women who were found to have anal HPV infection were infected with oncogenic or probable oncogenic types (64.6 %). There were 20.0 and 58.3 % rate of total and partial concordance between the two sites, respectively. We found that no demographic parameter but history of anal intercourse was related with the risk of anal HPV infection. Conclusion(s): Women with cervical HPV infection have a considerable risk for coexisting anal HPV infection. Concordance of HPV types infecting the cervix and anal canal is relatively high. There is no strong predictor for anal HPV infection in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sugammadex is a ɣ-cyclodextrin containing 8-thiopropionate side chains, which selectively binds to nondepolarizing aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking agents. Here, we report a case who developed deep bradycardia after administration of sugammadex. Case presentation: A 38-year-old-man was scheduled for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Besides history of light smoking, he had no other medical/surgical history that included any allergic reactions. At the end of the operation, 200 mg sugammadex was administered to antagonize residual neuromuscular blockade. One minute after the administration of sugammadex, the patient had deep bradycardia (25 beat min−1) and his systolic blood pressure fell below a measurable level. The patient's blood pressure was restored to 95/55 mmHg and heart rate 110 beats min−1 with the administration of a total dose of ephedrine 10 mg, atropine sulfate 0.5 mg, 0.9% saline 1 L, and 6% hydroxyethylated starch 500 mL over 15 min. Then, he was extubated uneventfully and transferred to the intensive care unit for closer monitoring. Conclusions: According to the current literature as well as the case we presented here, we suggest that physicians who use sugammadex especially in endoscopic/laparoscopic procedures using CO2 should be aware of the possibility of sudden bradycardia and/or cardiac arrest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. The aim of the current study is to analyze the scientific studies in the field of laparoscopic inguinal hernias by ISI Web of Knowledge-Web of Science (WoS) software by using keywords. Overall,2832 papers were found related to laparoscopic inguinal hernia. The first publication and the first citation were from Australia in 1991. The biggest scientific contribution was from the USA (n = 650), the types of publications dominantly were articles (76.80%), most of publications were in English (93.18%), and the most contributed author was Bittner R (n = 63) from Germany. Our study revealed that scientific studies on this field will probably continue to rise in parallel with this increasing interest.Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. The aim of the current study is to analyze the scientific studies in the field of laparoscopic inguinal hernias by ISI Web of Knowledge-Web of Science (WoS) software by using keywords. Overall,2832 papers were found related to laparoscopic inguinal hernia. The first publication and the first citation were from Australia in 1991. The biggest scientific contribution was from the USA (n = 650), the types of publications dominantly were articles (76.80%), most of publications were in English (93.18%), and the most contributed author was Bittner R (n = 63) from Germany. Our study revealed that scientific studies on this field will probably continue to rise in parallel with this increasing interest.Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. The aim of the current study is to analyze the scientific studies in the field of laparoscopic inguinal hernias by ISI Web of Knowledge-Web of Science (WoS) software by using keywords. Overall,2832 papers were found related to laparoscopic inguinal hernia. The first publication and the first citation were from Australia in 1991. The biggest scientific contribution was from the USA (n = 650), the types of publications dominantly were articles (76.80%), most of publications were in English (93.18%), and the most contributed author was Bittner R (n = 63) from Germany. Our study revealed that scientific studies on this field will probably continue to rise in parallel with this increasing interest.Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. The aim of the current study is to analyze the scientific studies in the field of laparoscopic inguinal hernias by ISI Web of Knowledge-Web of Science (WoS) software by using keywords. Overall,2832 papers were found related to laparoscopic inguinal hernia. The first publication and the first citation were from Australia in 1991. The biggest scientific contribution was from the USA (n = 650), the types of publications dominantly were articles (76.80%), most of publications were in English (93.18%), and the most contributed author was Bittner R (n = 63) from Germany. Our study revealed that scientific studies on this field will probably continue to rise in parallel with this increasing interest.Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. The aim of the current study is to analyze the scientific studies in the field of laparoscopic inguinal hernias by ISI Web of Knowledge-Web of Science (WoS) software by using keywords. Overall,2832 papers were found related to laparoscopic inguinal hernia. The first publication and the first citation were from Australia in 1991. The biggest scientific contribution was from the USA (n = 650), the types of publications dominantly were articles (76.80%), most of publications were in English (93.18%), and the most contributed author was Bittner R (n = 63) from Germany. Our study revealed that scientific studies on this field will probably continue to rise in parallel with this increasing interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]