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Immunotherapy utilizing chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy holds promise for hematologic malignancies, however, response rates and associated immune-related adverse effects widely vary among patients. Here we show, by comparing diversity and composition of the gut microbiome during different CAR-T therapeutic phases in the clinical trial ChiCTR1800017404, that the gut flora characteristically differs among patients and according to treatment stages, and might also reflect patient response to therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM; n = 43), acute lympholastic leukemia (ALL; n = 23) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; n = 12). We observe significant temporal differences in diversity and abundance of Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Sutterella, and Collinsella between MM patients in complete remission (n = 24) and those in partial remission (n = 11). Furthermore, we find that patients with severe cytokine release syndrome present with higher abundance of Bifidobacterium, Leuconostoc, Stenotrophomonas, and Staphylococcus, which is reproducible in an independent cohort of 38 MM patients. This study has important implications for understanding the biological role of the microbiome in CAR-T treatment responsiveness of hematologic malignancy patients, and may guide therapeutic intervention to increase efficacy. The success rate of CAR-T cell therapy is high in blood cancers, yet individual patient characteristics might reduce therapeutic benefit. Here we show that therapeutic response in MM, ALL and NHL, and occurrence of severe cytokine release syndrome in multiple myeloma are associated with specific gut microbiome alterations. The success rate of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is high in blood cancers, yet individual patient characteristics might reduce therapeutic benefit. Here authors show that therapeutic response in multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and occurrence of severe cytokine release syndrome in multiple myeloma are associated with specific gut microbiome alterations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "CAR-T cell therapy-related cytokine release syndrome and therapeutic response is modulated by the gut microbiome in hematologic malignancies" published in Nature Communications. The original version of the article contained numerical mistakes in the source data and missing or incorrect values in figure 1a. Additionally, column B of the source data corresponding to Supplementary Table 1 was deleted due to confidentiality concerns. The correction also includes revised information in the "Clinical trial outcomes" section of the Results. The corrected article provides updated and accurate data on the outcomes of the clinical trial. [Extracted from the article]

The Payangazu complex in the central Myanmar is composed mainly of quartz diorite, granodiorite, and some synplutonic mafic dikes. The quartz diorite and granodiorite have zircon U-Pb ages of 130.5±4.0 (MSWD=3.5) and 118.4±2.5 Ma (MSWD=2.4), respectively. Rock samples of the quartz diorite and granodiorite are metaluminous, enriched in large-ion lithophile elements like LREE, Rb, Th, and U, and depleted in high field-strength elements such as HREE, Nb, Ta, P, and Ti, indicative of arc-type magmatic affinities. Whole rock samples of the quartz diorite have εHf(t) value of +0.6, initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.708 6 to 0.710 0, and εNd(t) values of -4.8 to -4.9; whereas rocks of the granodiorite are relatively isotopically enriched, with εHf(t) values of -5.1 to -7.2, initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.711 7 to 0.711 8, and εNd(t) values of -8.7 to -8.8. The isotopic data together with the high Mg# (both the quartz diorite and granodiorite have Mg# values of >40) suggest a strong involvement of mantle materials in the genesis of the parent magmas. The possible petrogenetic process may be that the ascending of melts from partial melting of metasomatized mantle wedge triggered by dehydration of subducted slab resulted in partial melting of the lower crust and mixed with the latter. These Early Cretaceous intrusions from the complex are older than those found in the eastern Wuntho-Popa arc in western Myanmar, eastern Himalaya, and western Yunnan which are interpreted to be related to the Neo-Tethyan subduction, and have εNd(t), εHf(t) values lower than the latter. On the contrary, the ages and geochemical characteristics of the Payangazu complex are consistent with some of the intrusions in the northern magmatic belt in Tibet, eastern Himalaya, and western Yunnan which are believed to be associated with the subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean crust. Thus, we propose that the Early Cretaceous intrusions in the central Myanmar are most likely related to the southward subduction of an ocean slab that was possibly an extension of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Longwangzhuang granite pluton occurs on the southern margin of the North China Craton and consists mainly of biotite syenogranite with aegirine granite being locally distributed. The granites are characterized by high silicon and alkaline contents (SiO=72.17%-76.82%, KO+NaO=8.28%-10.22%, KO/NaO≫1), AI (agpaitic index) =0.84-0.95, DI=95-97, ASI (aluminum saturation index)=0.96-1.13, and very high Fe* number (FeO*/(FeO*+Mg)=0.90-0.99), thus the granites are assigned to the metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, alkalic to calc-alkalic ferroan A-type granites. The granites are rich in large ion lithophile elements (LILE), especially high in REE concentrations (REE+Y=854×10-1572×10); whereas the enrichment of high strength field elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf) is obviously less than that of LILEs, exhibiting mild depletions on trace element spider plots; and the rocks are significantly depleted in Ba, Sr, Ti, and Pb. The low ɛ( t) values (−4.5-−7.2) and high model ages (2.3-2.5 Ga) of the granites as well as the low ɛ( t) values (−1.11-−5.26) and high Hf model ages (T= 2.1-2.3 Ga, T=2.4-2.6 Ga) of zircons from the biotite syenogranite suggest that the granites were probably derived from an enriched mantle source. The zircons from the biotite syenogranite are mainly colorless transparent crystals exhibiting well-developed oscillatory zoning on the cathodoluminescence images with a LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb age of 1602.1±6.6 Ma (MSWD=0.48). Petrochemical, trace elements, as well as Nd and Hf isotopic compositions of the rocks demonstrate that the granites were formed in a within-plate extensional tectonic regime possibly related to the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. The granites were most likely formed through extreme fractional crystallization of alkali basaltic magma resulted from partial melting of the mantle, which was fertilized by recycling crustal rocks triggered by the delamination of lithospheric mantle and lower crust following the ∼1.8 Ga collision and amalgamation of the North China Craton which is part of the Columbia supercontinent. However, contamination of neo-Archean to Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks during the ascent and emplacement of the magma could not be excluded. Being the youngest known anorogenic magmatism on the southern margin of the North China Craton related to Columbia breakup, it might represent the break off of the North China Craton from Columbia supercontinent at the end of Paleoproterozoic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new type of REE tetrad effect, a composite M- and W-type, was recognized in the K-feldsparthized and silicificated Shuiquangou alkaline syenites, Dongping, Hebei Province. Different analytical methods such as ICP-MS and isotopic dilution thermal ion mass spectrometer were exploited to verify the REE concentrations of the samples in three laboratories in China, France and Korea. The results are reliable and consistent within errors. In situ quantitative analysis of REE concentrations of individual zircons and apatites extracted from the very same sample has shown that fractional crystallization of magma and the superimposed hydrothermal alteration might have taken place in at least two-stage hydrothermal activities to generate the composite M- and W-type REE tetrad effect. The coexisting melt and aqueous phases, the superimposed alteration by volatile (Cl, CO2)- and Si, K, Al-enriched high temperature hydrothermal fluids might be the important facts for this new MW-type of REE tetrad effect. In addition, the peculiar MW-type tetrad effect might be an indicator for Au mineralization of reworked plutons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disturbance of the zircon U-Pb isotopic system has been investigated extensively, but mostly in lab, in the last decades. Here, we reported a field-based study on intensive sericitization, K-feldsparthization and the impacts of mylonitization on zircons from the Fangcheng syenites. The Fangcheng syenites occur in the eastern part of the Qinling orogen and consist mainly of aegirine-augite syenite, aegirine nepheline syenite, biotite syenite and hornblende nepheline syenite. Zircons from the slightly sericitized aegirine augite syenite are colorless, transparent crystals and exhibit well-developed oscillatory and sector zoning on the cathodoluminescence (CL) images which are typical of magmatic zircons from alkaline rocks. Zircon U-Pb determinations by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) showed that the syenite was formed in Neoproterozoic time, the weighted average of 206Pb/238U ages is 844.3±1.6 Ma (MSWD=0.86). In contrast, the hydrothermally altered zircons (hydrothermal zircon) from the intensively sericitized, K-feldsparthized, and weakly mylonitized aegirine augite syenite are conglomerates, yellowish to brown in color, generally translucent and internally textureless. The CL and backscatter electron (BSE) images of hydrothermal zircons exhibit fractured, textureless or mosaic textures, and occasionally show “sponge texture” with the veinlets and inclusions of K-feldspar; however, relicts of magmatic oscillatory zoning can still be discerned locally in individual grains. LA-ICPMS analyses of the hydrothermal zircons demonstrated that the zircons are chemically inhomogeneous, with enhanced and widely varied Pb, U, and Th contents. The U and Th contents of the hydrothermal zircons are estimated to be 32×10−6−1550×10−6 and 188×10−6−4059×10−6, respectively, with Th/U ratios within the range of 0.7–44.9. 206Pb/238U apparent ages of the hydrothermal zircons are negatively correlated with the contents of U, and radiogenic and common Pb. As the U and Th concentrations of the magmatic zircons are rather low, the α-decay doses (3.65×1014−2.04×1015 α-decay events/mg) are much lower than those at the first percolation point (3.5× 1015 a-decay events/mg), thus, Pb mobility resultant from diffusion could be safely neglected. Disturbance of the U-Pb isotopic system of zircons is most likely to be attributed to the intensive sericitization and K-feldsparthization coupled with mylonitization, the hydrothermal fluids reacted with zircons along the rims and fractures of the distorted zircon crystals, giving rise to the chemically inhomogeneous hydrothermal zircons through a series of complicated mechanisms such as dissolution-reprecipitation. The significance of the U-Pb age (the lower intercept age on the discordia U-Pb plot) of hydrothermal zircons is uncertain. We argued that interpretations of the hydrothermal zircon data as the age of hydrothermal events or hydrothermal ore-forming processes are questionable and hence cautions must be taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finding of Neoproterozoic syenites at Fangcheng in the northern Qinhing region of the East Qinhing orogen provides an important constraint on timing of tectonic transformation to extensional regime. The alkaline pluton consists mainly of nepheline syenite, aegirine syenite, and alkali-feldspar syenite. The syenites are of intermediate (SiO2=54%-62%), rich in alkali (K2O+Na2O=12%-15%), aluminum (Al2O3 = 16.81 % -23.26%) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE), without any obvious Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf anomalies. The Fangcheng syenites are geochemically characterized by relative enrichment of LREE, minor differentiation of HREE, significant negative Eu anomalies (Eu = 0.13-0.23), less negative ϵNd(t) values of -1.37 to -3.90, young Nd model ages of 1364 to 1569 Ma, and high zircon saturation temperatures of 915 to 1044°C. The syenitic magmas probably originated from small proportion melting of upper mantle in an extensional regime of intraplate-anorogenic tectonic setting, and have been slightly contaminated by crustal materials during ascending and/or emplacement. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yields ages of 844.3 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.86), suggesting that the Fangcheng alkaline syenites formed in the early Neo-proterozoic. They are the oldest Neoproterozoic alkaline rocks ever recognized in the Qinling orogen as well as in South China. This implies that the tectonic regime of the Qinling region would have transformed from post-collisional stretch to intraplate-anorogenic extension no later than 844 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a set of data on SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry of Yangfang aegiriteaugite syenite in Wuyi Mountains of South China. Crystallization time of the aegiriteaugite syenites; Tectonic implications; Importance of the findings for the understanding of Indosinian orogeny.

Studies the Carboniferous adakites and niobium (Nb)-enriched arc basaltic rocks association in the Alataw Mountains, north Xinjiang, China. Characteristics of adakites; Geochemical similarity of the Alataw adakites with those derived from partial melting of subducting oceanic crust; Indication that the adakite was contaminated by mantle peridotite.

Petrology, element and isotopic geochemistry of the Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the Tongling area were systematically investigated in this study. The intrusive rocks can be divided into two groups, one contains shoshonitic rocks with SiO2 ⩽ 55%, the other consists mainly of high-potassic calc-alkaline rocks with SiO2 > 55%. The shoshonitic rocks (SiO2 ⩽ 55%) were generated by the fractional crystallization of the primary basaltic magma sourced from an enriched mantle, then the evolved basaltic magma likely experienced low-degree contamination with the lower crust materials when they ascended. On the other hand, although the intrusive rocks with SiO2 > 55% show most elemental geochemical characteristics similar to an adakite, such as high Na2O, AI2O3, Sr contents, high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, they have isotopic compositions much different from an adakite, such as low σNd(t) (-9.16—16.55) and high (87Sr/86Sr), (0.7068—0.7105), and some of them show relatively high Y and Yb contents than those of an adakite. We propose that the intrusive rocks with SiO2 > 55% were most probably produced by mixing of the mantle-derived basaltic magma and adakite-like magma derived from the melting of basaltic lower crust that was heated by the underplating mantle-derived shoshonitic magmas. The delamination of lower crust likely took place after or during the formation of these adakite-like rocks in the Tongling area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

REE mobility during hydrothermal ore-forming process has been extensively investigated in recent years and the potential of REE to provide information about ore forming processes has commonly been recognized. The Dongping gold deposit, which is located in northwestern Hebei Prvovince, China, occurring in the inner contact zone of the Shuiquangou syenite complex, is spatially, and probably genetically, related to the syenite. The deposit was formed under the moderate to high temperature (220 Celsius to 320 Celsius), weakly acidic to weakly alkaline, rather high ƒ0[sub2](lgƒ0[sub2] = -30 ~ -34) environment. The REE study of the host rocks, altered wall rocks, ores and gangue minerals from the deposit suggests that the REEs have been mobilized and differentiated during K-feldspathization and silicification. The extremely altered syenite enveloping auriferous quartz vein shows positive Ce anomaly and larger LREE/HREE ration than that of the unaltered syenite. The REE concentrations and patterns of the ores are determined by the ore types and mineral assemblages. LREE/HREE ratios in the gangue quartz and hydrothermal K-feldspars are relatively low. The most significant observation is that the gangue quartz shows significant positive Eu anomaly, whereas the hydrothermal K-feldspars show less significant or no positive Eu anomaly at all relative to the primary feldspar in the unaltered syenite. It is evident that the REEs are mobile during K-feldspathization and silification in the ore forming process. Weak to moderate K-feldspathization caused REE mobility without apparent differentiation with the exception of extreme K-feldspathization and silification which resulted in significant depletion of HREE and Eu and relative enrichment of Ce. The REE, Y, U, Th and Au contents of the syenite decrease as the degrees of K-feldspathization and silification of the rocks increase towards the auriferous quartz veins. As the ores were deposited under a rather oxidized... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the Yanshannian intermediate-acid intrusive rocks related to Cu-Au mineralization in the Eastern Yangtze Block are characterized by high Al2O3, Sr contents, while low in Y, Yb contents, thus with high Sr/Y, and La/Yb ratios, and variational isotope signatures in particular, e.g. εNd( t) = −11.92–1.96, (143Nd/144Nd)i = 0.5120–0.5125, TDM = 0.70–1.71 Ga, (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7043 –0.7076. The geochemical characteristics of these rocks suggest that: (1) these rocks are geochemically similar to adakite, which might have been stemmed from the partial melting of thickened basaltic lower crust due to basalt underplating; and (2) the high pressure (1.2–4.0 GPa) and high temperature (850–1150°C) surroundings of the lower crust favor both the fluid and adakite-like magma to generation. Not only can the adakite-like magma carry abundant fluid and Cu-Au ore-froming materials, but also can it bring them to the shallow part with ease and contributes to the Cu-Au mineralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The alkali-rich igneous rocks in China occur as fifteen linear distributed belts of each extending several hundreds to several thousands kilometers in length. These include most types of alkali-rich igneous rock categories discovered worldwide. The related Au, Cu large and superlarge deposits or metallogenic focus-areas include Dongping, Guilaizhuang, Yulong, etc. Direct and indirect genetic links have been found between alkali-rich igneous rocks and Au, Cu mineralization. The petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the alkali-rich igneous rocks are mainly controlled by (1) mantle enrichment, (2) strong interaction between mantle and crust, (3) lower contens of sulfur, high f O2 and high contents of volatiles, (4) the significant turn of regional tectonic framework from compress to extension and (5) the strong change of regional lithosphere structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes the sodium-rich dacites and albite porphyries rock of Permian in the Awulale Mountain of west Tianshan. Details on adakites; Geology and petrography; Analytical data of major and trace elements of Awulale sodium-rich dacites and albite porphyries.

The Qianlishan granite, which is closely related to the Shizhuyuan tungsten polymetallic mineralization, is aluminous alkali-type granite. The intimate temporal and spatial association among the basaltic, syenite and granitic rocks in the mining area, and their major and trace elements, and Nd, Pb, Sr, O isotopic compositions indicate that the crustal-mantle interaction probably was an important constraint on, and participated in, the formation of the superlarge ore deposit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Southern Hunan Province is famous for its intensive rare, radioactive and other metal elements’ mineralizations. There is a relation between the basaltic rocks and mineralizations in space, time and ore-forming elements. The Jurassic-Cretaceous (204–81 Ma) basaltic rocks consists mainly of alkali-basalt and tholeiitic basalt formed in plate environment. Trace elements and Sr, Nd, Pb isotopic compositions show that the regional mantle source was metasomatized shortly before the partial melting. The alkali basalt and tholeiitic basalt might be 3%–5% and 10%–15% of the partial melting of the enriched mantle source respectively. Obviously the enrichment of the regional mantle played an important role in formation of the large and super-large deposits in southern Hunan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]