Search

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is related to aberrant aggregation of immune cells in the plaques. This study focused on identification of abnormal T cell subtypes and inflammatory factors in CHD patients. To this end, the subtypes of T cells in peripheral blood of CHD patients (n=141) and healthy controls (n=46) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of cytokines were analyzed by multiplex assay. It was shown that the number of T helper cells producing granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) was higher in CHD patients in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, the fractions of Th1 and Th17 cells as well as the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 in CHD patients also surpassed the control values (p<0.05). However, the level of GM-CSF was insignificantly lower in CHD patients. Thus, we revealed a relationship between the number of T cells producing GM-CSF and the severity of CHD. Our results can be used to develop new potential biomarkers for CHD detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing data from the Solar Magnetism andActivity Telescope (SMAT), analytical solutions of polarized radiative transfer equations, and in-orbit test data for the Full-disk Magnetograph (FMG) onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), this study reveals the magnetic-sensitivity spectral positions for the Fe i λ 5234.19 Å working line used by FMG. From the experimental data of SMAT, it is found that the most sensitive position is located at the line center for linear polarization (Stokes Q/U), while it is about −0.07 Å away from the line center for circular polarization (Stokes V). Moreover, both the theoretical analysis and the in-orbit test data analysis of FMG confirm the above results. Additionally, the theoretical analysis suggests the presence of distinct spectral pockets (centered at 0.08 – 0.15 Å) from the line, harboring intense magnetic sensitivity across all three Stokes parameters. Striking a balance between high sensitivity for both linear and circular polarization, while capturing additional valuable information, a spectral position of −0.08 Å emerges as the champion for routine FMG magnetic field observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The super τ-charm facility (STCF) is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5 × 1035 cm−2·s−1 or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the present τ-charm factory — the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for food is rising since the world's population is expanding quickly. As a result, conventional agriculture will be unable to meet the needs of the crops. With the rapid advancement of agricultural technology, the Internet of Things has emerged as one of the most vital components of modern information technology that makes farming systems possible. This paper aims to review the contributions of the Internet of Things to agricultural systems that are key to the current and future growth of agriculture. The contribution of the Internet of Things to agricultural systems has been examined from various sources of data. Today, farm households use the Internet of Things for a variety of farming operations. Results from earlier studies demonstrate that Internet of Things-based agricultural systems can offer greater precision for choosing the right course of action for a farm's environment. In general, the goal of this review paper is to introduce readers to new research prospects, specifically possible contributions, and difficulties related to the application of Internet of Things technology in agricultural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-intensity compact D–D/D–T neutron generator with a thick adsorption target is designed with an intensity of 1012 n/s. In this work, a radio-frequency (RF) ion source ignited by an internal antenna is designed with magnetic mirror fields in both axial and radial directions, which can facilitate the confinement of high-density plasma and prolong the service life of the ion source. According to the finite element method software COMSOL Multiphysics, a high-current low-energy D+ beam transport line is simulated and designed with the deuterium beam of 200 keV/6 mA. In particular, the adsorption target is fixed at an angle of 45° with respect to the beam direction, which is beneficial to reduce the beam power density of the target. The simulation results show that the maximum temperature of the target surface is 171.0 °C, which would reduce deuterium or tritium release from the adsorption target. According to the Multi-layer computing model, neutron energy spectra, angular distributions and integrated yields of the compact D–D/D–T neutron generator are calculated and evaluated, corresponding to a thick adsorption target at the deuterium beam of 200 keV/6 mA. The compact D–D/D–T neutron generator can produce quasi-mono-energetic neutrons with energy of 2.45 or 14.1 MeV, respectively, corresponding to the neutron yields up to 6.06 × 109 and 1.18 × 1012 n/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The full-disk magnetograph is a main scientific payload onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S/FMG) that through Stokes-parameters observation measures the vector magnetic field. The accuracy of magnetic-field values is an important aspect of checking the quality of the FMG magnetic-field measurement. According to the design of the FMG, the linear calibration method under the weak-field approximation is the preferred scheme for magnetic-field calibration. However, the spacecraft orbital velocity can affect the position of observed spectral lines, which then results in a change of the polarization-signal strength. Thus, the magnetic field is modulated by the orbit velocity of the spacecraft. In this article, through cross-calibration between FMG and HMI (Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamic Observatory), the effects of spacecraft orbital velocity on the coefficient of magnetic-field calibration are investigated. By comparing the magnetic field of FMG and HMI with spacecraft orbital velocity as an auxiliary reference, revised linear-calibration coefficients that depend on spacecraft orbital velocity are obtained. The magnetic field of FMG corrected by the revised calibration coefficients removing the effect of spacecraft orbital velocity will be more accurate and suitable for scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was designed to research the effect of molybdenum (Mo) content on the microstructure and properties of novel ferritic stainless steel (FSS) fabricated by laser melting deposition (LMD). In this study, the stainless steel specimens with different Mo content were manufactured using LMD and the microstructures, the microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the as-deposited specimens were evaluated. Experimental results demonstrated that the phase composition of the specimens had no change and consisted of α-Fe and carbide M7C3 phase. The typical dendrite and interdendrite structures were observed, and the grains are obviously refined with the increase of Mo element. The microhardness value of as-deposited specimens increased from 643 to 803 HV, and the specific wear rate was reduced from 1.14 × 10−5 to 5.90 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, correspondingly one order of magnitude reduction, which verified that the wear resistance was obviously improved. The corrosion current density of FSS-Mo is two orders of magnitude lower than that of FSS, and it shows better impedance parameters, indicating that the addition of Mo can effectively improve the electrochemical corrosion performance of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atmospheric muon neutrinos are produced by meson decays in cosmic-ray-induced air showers. The flux depends on meteorological quantities such as the air temperature, which affects the density of air. Competition between decay and re-interaction of those mesons in the first particle production generations gives rise to a higher neutrino flux when the air density in the stratosphere is lower, corresponding to a higher temperature. A measurement of a temperature dependence of the atmospheric ν μ flux provides a novel method for constraining hadronic interaction models of air showers. It is particularly sensitive to the production of kaons. Studying this temperature dependence for the first time requires a large sample of high-energy neutrinos as well as a detailed understanding of atmospheric properties. We report the significant ( > 10 σ ) observation of a correlation between the rate of more than 260,000 neutrinos, detected by IceCube between 2012 and 2018, and atmospheric temperatures of the stratosphere, measured by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument aboard NASA's AQUA satellite. For the observed 10 % seasonal change of effective atmospheric temperature we measure a 3.5(3) % change in the muon neutrino flux. This observed correlation deviates by about 2-3 standard deviations from the expected correlation of 4.3 % as obtained from theoretical predictions under the assumption of various hadronic interaction models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Gravel algorithm and the MLEM algorithm, the neutron energy spectrum unfolding algorithms has been developed by using the SY2001 plastic scintillator detector in its entirety to experimentally measure neutron source characterization of the compact D–D neutron generator. In particular, the degree of optimization of the Mean Relative Error (MRE) is proposed as a determinant of the appropriate termination point for iterations to improve the adaptive nature of the algorithm. The developed neutron energy spectrum unfolding algorithms measure the neutron energy spectra and the neutron angular yields of the compact D–D neutron generator, which are compared with Monte Carlo calculated results. Given the good agreement with the existing results, the developed unfolding algorithms can be used to accurately unfolding neutron energy spectrum, especially, for non-pulsed neutron sources. The measured neutron source characterization results show that the compact D–D neutron generator can produce high yields and quasi-mono-energetic neutrons in the range from 2.2 to 2.8 MeV. The D–D neutron angular yields are anisotropic distributions, particularly, which are relatively higher with neutron emission angles ranging from 40 ∘ to 120 ∘ . This work measure the neutron energy spectra and the neutron angular yields of the compact D–D neutron generator in Lanzhou University, which provide detailed neutron source characterization for using it in neutron physics and neutron application technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using (447.9 ± 2.3) million ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the decays of χcJ→ ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) have been studied via the decay ψ(3686) → γχcJ. The branching fractions of the decays χcJ→ ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) are determined to be (8.59 ± 0.27 ± 0.20) × 10−4, (4.26 ± 0.13 ± 0.15) × 10−4, and (12.67 ± 0.28 ± 0.33) × 10−4, respectively, which are the most precise measurements to date. From a helicity amplitude analysis of the process ψ(3686) → γχcJ, χcJ→ ϕϕ, ϕ → K+K−, the polarization parameters of the χcJ→ ϕϕ decays are determined for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a sample of (10.09 ± 0.04) × 109J/ψ decays collected with the BESIII detector, partial wave analyses of the decay J / ψ → γ K S 0 K S 0 π 0 are performed within the K S 0 K S 0 π 0 invariant mass region below 1.6 GeV/c2. The covariant tensor amplitude method is used in both mass independent and mass dependent approaches. Both analysis approaches exhibit dominant pseudoscalar and axial vector components, and show good consistency for the other individual components. Furthermore, the mass dependent analysis reveals that the K S 0 K S 0 π 0 invariant mass spectrum for the pseudoscalar component can be well described with two isoscalar resonant states using relativistic Breit-Wigner model, i.e., the η(1405) with a mass of 1391.7 ± 0.7 − 0.3 + 11.3 MeV/c2 and a width of 60.8 ± 1.2 − 12.0 + 5.5 MeV, and the η(1475) with a mass of 1507.6 ± 1.6 − 32.2 + 15.5 MeV/c2 and a width of 115.8 ± 2.4 − 10.9 + 14.8 MeV. The first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Alternate models for the pseudoscalar component are also tested, but the description of the K S 0 K S 0 π 0 invariant mass spectrum deteriorates significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.3 fb−1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.23 to 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector, we observe the process e+e−→ π0π0ψ2(3823) for the first time with a statistical significance of 6.0 standard deviations. The ratio of average cross sections for e+e−→ π0π0ψ2(3823) and π+π−ψ2(3823) is determined to be R = σ e + e − → π 0 π 0 ψ 2 3823 σ e + e − → π + π − ψ 2 3823 = 0.57 ± 0.14 ± 0.05 , which is consistent with expectations from isospin symmetry. Here and below, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The mass of the ψ2(3823) is measured to be M[ψ2(3823)] = 3824.5 ± 2.4 ± 1.0 MeV/c2. Due to the limited data sample, an upper limit of 18.8 MeV at 90% confidence level is set on the intrinsic width of ψ2(3823). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decay J/ψ → e±μ∓ using 8.998 × 109J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e+e− storage ring. No excess of signal above background is observed; we therefore set an upper limit on the branching fraction of ℬ (J / ψ → e ± μ ∓) < 4.5 × 10 − 9 at the 90% confidence level. Improving the previous best result by a factor of more than 30, this measurement places the most stringent limit to date on lepton flavor violation in the heavy quarkonium sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on e+e− collision samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.6 GeV and 4.7 GeV, a partial wave analysis of the charmed baryon hadronic decay Λ c + → Λπ+π0 is performed, and the decays Λ c + → Λρ(770)+ and Λ c + → Σ(1385)π are studied for the first time. Making use of the world-average branching fraction B Λ c + → Λ π + π 0 , their branching fractions are determined to be B Λ c + → Λ ρ 770 + = 4.06 ± 0.30 ± 0.35 ± 0.23 × 10 − 2 , B Λ c + → Σ 1385 + π 0 = 5.86 ± 0.49 ± 0.52 ± 0.35 × 10 − 3 , B Λ c + → Σ 1385 0 π + = 6.47 ± 0.59 ± 0.66 ± 0.38 × 10 − 3 , where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, and the third are from the uncertainties of the branching fractions B Λ c + → Λ π + π 0 and B Σ 1385 → Λ π . In addition, the decay asymmetry parameters are measured to be αΛρ(770)+ = − 0.763 ± 0.053 ± 0.045, α Σ 1385 + π 0 = − 0.917 ± 0.069 ± 0.056 , and α Σ 1385 0 π + = − 0.789 ± 0.098 ± 0.056 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using (448.1 ± 2.9) × 106ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the decay ψ(3686) → Σ − Σ ¯ + is observed for the first time with a branching fraction of (2.82 ± 0.04stat.± 0.08syst.) × 10−4, and the angular parameter αΣ− is measured to be 0.96 ± 0.09stat.± 0.03syst.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 19 fb−1 at twenty-eight center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron-positron collider, the process e+e− → ηπ+π− and the intermediate process e+e− → ηρ0 are studied for the first time. The Born cross sections are measured. No significant resonance structure is observed in the cross section lineshape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fatigue properties of materials are dispersive and vary with service loads. Few methods can be used to guide the selection of materials in anti-fatigue design. In this study, for the first time, a new dominance distribution method to select the materials with higher fatigue resistance is proposed by the quantification of the scatter of fatigue lives and strengths and the simulation of possible load histories; accordingly, two kinds of diagrams are developed to display the dominance distributions of longer fatigue lives for the materials bearing cyclic constant and variable amplitude loads. After the fatigue tests of two Al-Si casting alloys, the dominance distribution method was used for their comparisons. The results indicate that the dominance distributions can clearly display the longer fatigue lives of the materials under different possible loading distributions and different reliability design index, and the dominance distribution diagrams can facilitate engineers to quickly select the materials with higher fatigue resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J. C (2022) 82:1150 b https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11003-7 In the original version of this article, the following authors were missing: X. Bai HT ht University of Science and Technology of China, https://en.ustc.edu.cn/ Y. Cheng and X. Wu HT ht University of California, https://www.pa.ucla.edu/And Also, the wrong institute is used for author Y. H. Leung. It should be: Y. H. Leung HT ht University of Heidelberg, https://www.uni-heidelberg.de/en The original article has been corrected. [Extracted from the article]

The decay D → K - π + is studied in a sample of quantum-correlated D D ¯ pairs, based on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb - 1 collected at the ψ (3770) resonance by the BESIII experiment. The asymmetry between C P -odd and C P -even eigenstate decays into K - π + is determined to be A K π = 0.132 ± 0.011 ± 0.007 , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This measurement is an update of an earlier study exploiting additional tagging modes, including several decay modes involving a K L 0 meson. The branching fractions of the K L 0 modes are determined as input to the analysis in a manner that is independent of any strong phase uncertainty. Using the predominantly C P -even tag D → π + π - π 0 and the ensemble of C P -odd eigenstate tags, the observable A K π π π π 0 is measured to be 0.130 ± 0.012 ± 0.008 . The two asymmetries are sensitive to r D K π cos δ D K π , where r D K π and δ D K π are the ratio of amplitudes and phase difference, respectively, between the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed and Cabibbo-favoured decays. In addition, events containing D → K - π + tagged by D → K S , L 0 π + π - are studied in bins of phase space of the three-body decays. This analysis has sensitivity to both r D K π cos δ D K π and r D K π sin δ D K π . A fit to A K π , A K π π π π 0 and the phase-space distribution of the D → K S , L 0 π + π - tags yields δ D K π = 187.6 - 9.7 + 8.9 - 6.4 + 5.4 ∘ , where external constraints are applied for r D K π and other relevant parameters. This is the most precise measurement of δ D K π in quantum-correlated D D ¯ decays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-energy tau neutrinos are rarely produced in atmospheric cosmic-ray showers or at cosmic particle accelerators, but are expected to emerge during neutrino propagation over cosmic distances due to flavor mixing. When high energy tau neutrinos interact inside the IceCube detector, two spatially separated energy depositions may be resolved, the first from the charged current interaction and the second from the tau lepton decay. We report a novel analysis of 7.5 years of IceCube data that identifies two candidate tau neutrinos among the 60 "High-Energy Starting Events" (HESE) collected during that period. The HESE sample offers high purity, all-sky sensitivity, and distinct observational signatures for each neutrino flavor, enabling a new measurement of the flavor composition. The measured astrophysical neutrino flavor composition is consistent with expectations, and an astrophysical tau neutrino flux is indicated at 2.8 σ significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D s + → K+π+π−π0 is observed by using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 recorded by the BESIII detector at the centre-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV. The first amplitude analysis of D s + → K+π+π−π0 reveals the sub-structures in this decay and determines the fractions and relative phases of different intermediate processes. The dominant intermediate process is D s + → K*0ρ+, with a fit fraction of (40.5 ± 2.8stat. ± 1.5syst.)%. With the detection efficiency based on our amplitude analysis, the absolute branching fraction for D s + → K+π+π−π0 is measured to be (9.75 ± 0.54stat.± 0.17syst.) × 10−3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analyzing e+e− annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we report the first observations of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays D+→ K+π0π0 and D+→ K+π0η. The branching fractions of D+→ K+π0π0 and D+→ K+π0η are measured to be (2.1 ± 0.4stat ± 0.1syst) × 10−4 and (2.1 ± 0.5stat ± 0.1syst) × 10−4 with statistical significances of 8.8σ and 5.5σ, respectively. In addition, we search for the subprocesses D+→ K*(892)+π0 and D+→ K*(892)+η with K*(892)+→ K+π0. The branching fraction of D+→ K*(892)+η is determined to be ( 4.4 − 1.5 stat + 1.8 ± 0.2syst) × 10−4, with a statistical significance of 3.2σ. No significant signal for D+→ K*(892)+π0 is found and we set an upper limit on the branching fraction of this decay at the 90% confidence level to be 5.4 × 10−4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reconstruction of event-level information, such as the direction or energy of a neutrino interacting in IceCube DeepCore, is a crucial ingredient to many physics analyses. Algorithms to extract this high level information from the detector's raw data have been successfully developed and used for high energy events. In this work, we address unique challenges associated with the reconstruction of lower energy events in the range of a few to hundreds of GeV and present two separate, state-of-the-art algorithms. One algorithm focuses on the fast directional reconstruction of events based on unscattered light. The second algorithm is a likelihood-based multipurpose reconstruction offering superior resolutions, at the expense of larger computational cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Born cross sections of the processes e+e− → ωπ0 and e+e− → ωη are measured at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.701 GeV using a total integrated luminosity of 22.7 fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. A simple s−n dependence for the continuum process can describe the measured Born cross sections. No significant contributions from the ψ(4160), Y(4230), Y(4360), ψ(4415), Y(4660) resonances are found, which indicates relative small branching fractions for these resonances into the ωπ0 and ωη final states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using e+e− annihilation data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we perform an amplitude analysis of the decay D s + → K−K+π+π+π− and determine the relative fractions and phases of different intermediate processes. Absolute branching fraction of D s + → K−K+π+π+π− decay is measured to be (6.60 ± 0.47stat.± 0.38syst.) × 10−3. The dominant intermediate process is D s + → a1(1260)+ϕ, ϕ → K−K+, a1(1260)+→ ρπ+, ρ → π+π−, with a branching fraction of (5.15 ± 0.41stat.± 0.32syst.) × 10−3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on e+e− collision data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center-of-mass energies from 2.000 to 3.080 GeV, a partial-wave analysis is performed for the process e+e−→ K+K−π0. The Born cross section of the process e+e−→ K+K−π0 and its subprocesses e+e−→ ϕπ0, K*+(892)K− and K 2 ∗ + (1430)K− are measured. The results for e+e−→ K+K−π0 and ϕπ0 are consistent with the BaBar measurements and with improved precision. By analyzing the cross sections of the subprocesses e+e−→ K*+(892)K− and K 2 ∗ + (1430)K−, a structure with mass MR = (2190 ± 19 ± 37) MeV/c2 and width ΓR = (191 ± 28 ± 60) MeV is observed with a combined statistical significance of 7.1σ. The measured resonance parameters suggest it can be identified as the ϕ(2170), thus the results provide valuable input to understand the internal nature of this state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though immensely successful, the standard model of particle physics does not offer any explanation as to why our Universe contains so much more matter than antimatter. A key to a dynamically generated matter–antimatter asymmetry is the existence of processes that violate the combined charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry1. As such, precision tests of CP symmetry may be used to search for physics beyond the standard model. However, hadrons decay through an interplay of strong and weak processes, quantified in terms of relative phases between the amplitudes. Although previous experiments constructed CP observables that depend on both strong and weak phases, we present an approach where sequential two-body decays of entangled multi-strange baryon–antibaryon pairs provide a separation between these phases. Our method, exploiting spin entanglement between the double-strange Ξ− baryon and its antiparticle2 Ξ ¯ + , has enabled a direct determination of the weak-phase difference, (ξP − ξS) = (1.2 ± 3.4 ± 0.8) × 10−2 rad. Furthermore, three independent CP observables can be constructed from our measured parameters. The precision in the estimated parameters for a given data sample size is several orders of magnitude greater than achieved with previous methods3. Finally, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated Λ decay parameter αΛ (refs. 4,5). The Λ Λ ¯ asymmetry is in agreement with and compatible in precision to the most precise previous measurement4.Using spin-entangled baryon–antibaryon pairs, the BESIII Collaboration reports on high-precision measurements of potential charge conjugation and parity (CP)-symmetry-violating effects in hadrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Born cross sections of the e+e−→ D*+D*− and e+e−→ D*+D− processes are measured using e+e− collision data collected with the BESIII experiment at center-of-mass energies from 4.085 to 4.600 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15.7 fb−1. The results are consistent with and more precise than the previous measurements by the Belle, Babar and CLEO collaborations. The measurements are essential for understanding the nature of vector charmonium and charmonium-like states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A search for the hadronic decays of the hc meson to the final states p p ¯ π+π−π0, p p ¯ η , and p p ¯ π0 via the process ψ(3686) → π0hc is performed using (4.48 ± 0.03) × 108ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector. The decay channel hc → p p ¯ η is observed for the first time with a significance greater than 5σ and a branching fraction of (6.41 ± 1.74 ± 0.53 ± 1.00) × 10−4, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and that from the branching fraction of ψ(3686) → π0hc. Strong evidence for the decay hc → p p ¯ π+π−π0 is found with a significance of 4.9σ and a branching fraction of (3.84 ± 0.83 ± 0.69 ± 0.58) × 10−3. The significances include systematic uncertainties. No clear signal of the decay hc → p p ¯ π0 is found, and an upper limit of 6.59 × 10−4 on its branching fraction is set at the 90% confidence level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A search for the decay hc→ π0J/ψ is performed using a sample of hc produced in the reaction e+e−→ π+π−hc. The data samples were collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.189 and 4.437 GeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 11 fb−1. No significant signal is observed. Upper limits on the branching ratio B (hc→ π0J/ψ)/ B (hc→ γηc→ γK+K−π0) and on the branching fraction B (hc→ π0J/ψ) are determined to be 7.5 × 10−2 and 4.7 × 10−4 at 90% confidence level, respectively. The latter is derived from the former using the measured branching fraction of the normalization channel. This is the first determination of the upper limit of the decay hc→ π0J/ψ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8420-x. The reference to the article as published, is: Akerib, D.S., Akerlof, C.W., Akimov, D.Y. et al. [Extracted from the article]

Using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 recorded by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, an amplitude analysis of the decay D s + → π+π0π0 is performed, and the relative fractions and phases of different intermediate processes are determined. The absolute branching fraction of the decay D s + → π+π0π0 is measured to be (0.50 ± 0.04stat ± 0.02syst)%. The absolute branching fraction of the intermediate process D s + → f0(980)π+, f0(980) → π0π0 is determined to be (0.28 ± 0.04stat ± 0.04syst)%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetography using magnetic sensitive lines is regarded traditionally as the main instrument for measuring the magnetic field of the whole Sun. Full polarized Stokes parameters (I , Q , U , V ) can be used to deduce the magnetic field under specific theoretical models or inversion algorithms. Due to various reasons, there are often cross-talk effects among Stokes signals observed directly by magnetographs. Especially, the circularly polarized signal V usually seriously affects the linearly polarized Q and U signals, which is one of the main errors in the value of the transverse magnetic field (parallel to the solar surface) that is related to Q and U . The full-disk magnetograph onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S/FMG) is designed to observe Stokes parameters and deduce the magnetic-field vector. In this article, the methods for correcting the effects of cross-talk V on Q and U based on the assumption of perfectly symmetric Q and U and anti-symmetric Stokes V profiles and a new method for reducing the crosstalk effect under observation mode of the FMG are developed. Through the test, it is found that the two methods are effective in cross-talk removal in the sunspot region and have better consistency. Additionally, the developed method can be applied to remove the cross-talk effect by using only one group of Q , U and V images observed at one wavelength position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using 1310.6 × 106J/ψ and 448.1 × 106ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the branching fractions of J/ψ decays to Σ+ Σ ¯ − is measured to be (10.61 ± 0.04 ± 0.36) × 10−4, which is significantly more precise than the current world average. The branching fractions of ψ(3686) decays to Σ+ Σ ¯ − is measured to be (2.52 ± 0.04 ± 0.09) × 10−4, which is consistent with the previous measurements. In addition, the ratio of B (ψ(3686) → Σ+ Σ ¯ −)/ B (J/ψ → Σ+ Σ ¯ −) is determined to be (23.8 ± 1.1)% which violates the “12% rule”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analyzing 4.48 × 108ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we observe the decays χcJ → nK S 0 Λ ¯ + c.c. (J = 0, 1, 2) for the first time, via the radiative transition ψ(3686) → γχcJ. The branching fractions are determined to be (6.65 ± 0.26stat ± 0.41syst) × 10−4, (1.66 ± 0.12stat ± 0.12syst) × 10−4, and (3.58 ± 0.16stat ± 0.23syst) × 10−4 for J = 0, 1, and 2, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a total of 5.25 fb−1 of e+e− collision data with center-of-mass energies from 4.236 to 4.600 GeV, we report the first observation of the process e+e−→ ηψ(2S) with a statistical significance of 4.9 standard deviations. The data sets were collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. We measure the yield of events integrated over center-of-mass energies and also present the energy dependence of the measured cross section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positron beams, both polarized and unpolarized, are identified as important ingredients for the experimental programs at the next generation of lepton accelerators. In the context of the hadronic physics program at Jefferson Lab (JLab), positron beams are complementary, even essential, tools for a precise understanding of the electromagnetic structure of nucleons and nuclei, in both the elastic and deep-inelastic regimes. For instance, elastic scattering of polarized and unpolarized electrons and positrons from the nucleon enables a model independent determination of its electromagnetic form factors. Also, the deeply-virtual scattering of polarized and unpolarized electrons and positrons allows unambiguous separation of the different contributions to the cross section of the lepto-production of photons and of lepton-pairs, enabling an accurate determination of the nucleons and nuclei generalized parton distributions, and providing an access to the gravitational form factors of the energy-momentum tensor. Furthermore, positron beams offer the possibility of alternative tests of the Standard Model of particle physics through the search of a dark photon, the precise measurement of electroweak couplings, and the investigation of charged lepton flavor violation. This document discusses the perspectives of an experimental program with high duty-cycle positron beams at JLab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using 6.32 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, we perform an amplitude analysis of the decay D s + → K S 0 π + π 0 and determine the relative fractions and phase differences of different intermediate processes, which include K S 0 ρ (770)+, K S 0 ρ (1450)+, K*(892)0π+, K*(892)+π0, and K*(1410)0π+. With the detection efficiency based on the amplitude analysis results, the absolute branching fraction is measured to be ℬ D s + → K S 0 π + π 0 = 5.43 ± 0.30 stat ± 0.15 syst × 10 − 3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using 10.1 × 109J/ψ events produced by the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCII) at a center-of-mass energy s = 3.097 GeV and collected with the BESIII detector, we present a search for the rare semi-leptonic decay J/ψ → D−e+νe + c.c. No excess of signal above background is observed, and an upper limit on the branching fraction ℬ(J/ψ → D−e+νe + c. c.) < 7.1 × 10−8 is obtained at 90% confidence level. This is an improvement of more than two orders of magnitude over the previous best limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decays D → K−π+π+π− and D → K−π+π0 are studied in a sample of quantum-correlated D D ¯ pairs produced through the process e+e− → ψ(3770) → D D ¯ , exploiting a data set collected by the BESIII experiment that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1. Here D indicates a quantum superposition of a D0 and a D ¯ 0 meson. By reconstructing one neutral charm meson in a signal decay, and the other in the same or a different final state, observables are measured that contain information on the coherence factors and average strong-phase differences of each of the signal modes. These parameters are critical inputs in the measurement of the angle γ of the Unitarity Triangle in B− → DK− decays at the LHCb and Belle II experiments. The coherence factors are determined to be RK3π = 0.52 − 0.10 + 0.12 and R K ππ 0 = 0.78 ± 0.04, with values for the average strong-phase differences that are δ D K 3 π = 167 − 19 + 31 ° and δ D K ππ 0 = 196 − 15 + 14 ° , where the uncertainties include both statistical and systematic contributions. The analysis is re-performed in four bins of the phase-space of the D → K−π+π+π− to yield results that will allow for a more sensitive measurement of γ with this mode, to which the BESIII inputs will contribute an uncertainty of around 6°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate short -term (3 months) and medium-term (12 months) postoperative effects on health related quality of life (HRQoL), bowel and sexual function after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) in comparison with conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME). Methods: A prospective study was conducted on consecutive patients who had conventional laparoscopic TME and TaTME at our institution from November 2014 to December 2018.We evaluated HRQoL and bowel function using validated scales including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of colorectal cancer specific module (EORTC-QLQ-CR29), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score and Wexner score. Patients were matched one-to-one through propensity score matching. Outcomes of the questionnaires at 3 and 12 months were compared. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled in the study. There were 30 in the conventional laparoscopic group (13 males; median age 69.3 years [range 35–80 years]) and 30 in the TaTME group (14 males; median age 75.6 years [range 42–83 years]). Three months after ileostmy closure, patients in the TaTME group had significantly more buttock pain (p = 0.030), bloating (p = 0.023), stool frequency (p = 0.013), flatulence (p < 0.001) and fecal incontinence (p = 0.044), although none of these differences persisted at 12 months. Patients in the TaTME group had a higher median overall LARS score at 3 months (p = 0.032) but there was no difference at 12 months. At 12 months after TaTME female patients had better women's sexual interest (p = 0.039) and dyspareunia scores (p < 0.001), while male patients had better erectile function (p = 0.038). Other scales did not reveal a significant difference at either 3 of 12 months between groups. Conclusions: Compared with patients with mid and low rectal cancer treated with conventional laparoscopic TME, those treated with TaTME have worse HRQoL and bowel function for a short period after primary resection, but seem to have better sexual function in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Glashow resonance describes the resonant formation of a W− boson during the interaction of a high-energy electron antineutrino with an electron1, peaking at an antineutrino energy of 6.3 petaelectronvolts (PeV) in the rest frame of the electron. Whereas this energy scale is out of reach for currently operating and future planned particle accelerators, natural astrophysical phenomena are expected to produce antineutrinos with energies beyond the PeV scale. Here we report the detection by the IceCube neutrino observatory of a cascade of high-energy particles (a particle shower) consistent with being created at the Glashow resonance. A shower with an energy of 6.05 ± 0.72 PeV (determined from Cherenkov radiation in the Antarctic Ice Sheet) was measured. Features consistent with the production of secondary muons in the particle shower indicate the hadronic decay of a resonant W− boson, confirm that the source is astrophysical and provide improved directional localization. The evidence of the Glashow resonance suggests the presence of electron antineutrinos in the astrophysical flux, while also providing further validation of the standard model of particle physics. Its unique signature indicates a method of distinguishing neutrinos from antineutrinos, thus providing a way to identify astronomical accelerators that produce neutrinos via hadronuclear or photohadronic interactions, with or without strong magnetic fields. As such, knowledge of both the flavour (that is, electron, muon or tau neutrinos) and charge (neutrino or antineutrino) will facilitate the advancement of neutrino astronomy.A particle shower detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the very high energy of the Glashow resonance demonstrates its potential for the study of high-energy particle physics and astrophysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last several years, the HL-2A experiment has made significant progress in the following areas: (1) lower-hybrid wave (LHW) heating and current drive, (2) plasma confinement and turbulent transport, (3) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities and energetic particle physics and (4) H-mode and edge localized mode (ELM) control. The results show that the LHW system working in the co-current mode can reach higher driving efficiency and full non-inductive lower-hybrid current drive (LHCD) has been achieved. The intrinsic poloidal torque characterized by the divergence of the residual stress is deduced from synthesis for the first time. The dynamics of spectral symmetry breaking in drift wave turbulence is in good agreement with the development of the poloidal torque to drive the edge poloidal flow. The influence of the cross-phase dynamics on turbulent stress was also investigated. The ion internal transport barrier has been observed in the NBI-heated plasma, and inside the barrier the ion thermal transport is reduced to the neoclassical level. Besides, micro-turbulence is modulated by the rotation frequency of the magnetic island, and this modulation effect is related to a critical island width. Strong E × B shear is found at the island boundary. Three kinds of axisymmetric modes, beta-induced Alfven eigenmode (BAE), toroidal Alfven eigenmode (TAE) and the ellipticity-induced Alfven eigenmode (EAE), are found to be driven unstable by nonlinear mode coupling between Alfven eigenmodes and tearing mode which is well explained by the nonlinear gyrokinetic theory. The fishbone and tearing modes were actively controlled by the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH). The dynamics of the edge plasma flows and turbulence during the L–I–H transition have been dedicatedly investigated. The geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) and limit cycle oscillation (LCO) coexist for a short time and disappear in the H-mode plasma with the increasing of E × B shear flow before the I–H transition, which plays an important role in the turbulence suppression. Different techniques, such as LHW, ECRH, resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP), and impurity seeding by the laser blow-off (LBO) and supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI), have been successfully applied to control the large ELMs. It has been found that pedestal turbulence enhancement might be responsible for the observed mitigation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]