1. Evaluation of therapeutic PD-1 antibodies by an advanced single-molecule imaging system detecting human PD-1 microclusters.
- Author
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Nishi, Wataru, Wakamatsu, Ei, Machiyama, Hiroaki, Matsushima, Ryohei, Saito, Kensho, Yoshida, Yosuke, Nishikawa, Tetsushi, Takehara, Tomohiro, Toyota, Hiroko, Furuhata, Masae, Nishijima, Hitoshi, Takeuchi, Arata, Azuma, Miyuki, Suzuki, Makoto, and Yokosuka, Tadashi
- Subjects
IMAGING systems ,T cell receptors ,PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors ,MICROCLUSTERS ,IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,T cells ,PEMETREXED - Abstract
With recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), immunotherapy has become the standard treatment for various malignant tumors. Their indications and dosages have been determined empirically, taking individually conducted clinical trials into consideration, but without a standard method to evaluate them. Here we establish an advanced imaging system to visualize human PD-1 microclusters, in which a minimal T cell receptor (TCR) signaling unit co-localizes with the inhibitory co-receptor PD-1 in vitro. In these microclusters PD-1 dephosphorylates both the TCR/CD3 complex and its downstream signaling molecules via the recruitment of a phosphatase, SHP2, upon stimulation with the ligand hPD-L1. In this system, blocking antibodies for hPD-1-hPD-L1 binding inhibits hPD-1 microcluster formation, and each therapeutic antibody (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, durvalumab and atezolizumab) is characterized by a proprietary optimal concentration and combinatorial efficiency enhancement. We propose that our imaging system could digitally evaluate PD-1-mediated T cell suppression to evaluate their clinical usefulness and to develop the most suitable combinations among ICIs or between ICIs and conventional cancer treatments. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are now routinely used in cancer therapy, however, the dosage and integration into conventional cancer therapy is determined via empirical experience rather than mechanistic rationale. Here authors establish an advanced single-molecule imaging method, by with which they are directly monitoring and evaluating the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors on T cell signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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