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This study delineated the Fe–Ti oxide deposit concurrencies on the layered mafic intrusion in Gabal Akab El-Negum (GAN), South Eastern Desert, Egypt, using aeromagnetic mapping and chemical analysis of the hosted mafic rocks and mineralogical studies. Aeromagnetic data was improved using the enhanced horizontal gradient amplitudeto detect the primary structures (edges/contacts/faults) that control the distribution of Fe–Ti ore deposit. GAN layered gabbros are differentiated into troctolite, olivine–, pyroxene–, and hornblende–gabbros. These mafic rocks primarily comprise plagioclase, olivine, pyroxene, and hornblende with Fe–Ti ores (magnetite and ilmenite). The significant variation in Mg# of clinopyroxene between 0.70 and 0.82 indicates the importance of fractional crystallization in developing layered mafic intrusion. Clinopyroxene and plagioclase thermometry yielded low temperatures similar to the fractionated primary basaltic magma. The pairs of magnetite–ilmenite minerals in gabbros provide equilibrium temperatures of 539.44–815.56, and high fO2, reflecting various cooling and subsolidus reequilibration phases of minerals. The enrichment of GAN gabbros in light rare–earth elements relative to heavy rare–earth elements indicates the interaction between the Fe–Ti rich mantle and the fractionated tholeiitic magmas in the back-arc setting, generating Fe–Ti oxide ores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic diarrhea is considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world, especially in developing nations. The current study explored the parasitological studies and hematologic alterations associated with gastroenteritis infection among patients with chronic diarrhea. A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients suffering from chronic diarrhea and matched the healthy control group. Complete blood count and serum iron profile (iron level, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation) assayed. About 125 infected patients were suffering from watery diarrhea and were investigated for various intestinal parasitic pathogens during the period of the study. The prevalence of the most common enteric pathogens isolated were hookworms (41.6%), Ascaris (21.6%), and whipworm (36.8%). Hematological examination showed remarkable alterations in CBC and iron profile compared with those of healthy control subjects. The study participants infected with hookworms, Ascaris, and whipworms demonstrated vital alterations in hematological parameters that could be helpful for the diagnosis of chronic diarrhea that has a deleterious effect on morbidity and mortality in participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The A-type younger granite pluton and associated fluorite of Gabal El-Erediya, Eastern Desert, Egypt, have been investigated geologically and geochemically. Granites are genetically high-K-calc-alkaline syenogranites that show a high LREE/HREE ratio with noticeable negative Eu anomaly. Additionally, the visible tetrad pattern and negative Eu anomaly of the investigated granites point to fractional crystallization and fluid-melt interactions during the last stage of magmatic differentiation. They were probably generated within an extensional environment and were crystallized at temperature ~ 740 °C and pressure ~ 1.9 kbars. Two types of U-rich fluorite mineralizations were recorded including colorless and violet types. The hydrothermal fluids forming fluorites were related to late-stage differentiation of the felsic magma with a crystallization temperature ranging from 118 to 336 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydatid disease is a foremost public health and economic problem causing morbidity and mortality. This study was done to investigate the parasitological studies and biochemical and histopathological changes of hydatid cyst infection in livers of sheep. Our study was carried out prospectively on sheep slaughtered in a southern slaughterhouse, Hail city, conducted from January 2015 to December 2015 to determine the prevalence, cyst viability, and biochemical analysis of fertile and infertile hydatid fluids. Out of 53,981 slaughtered sheep, 3811 were found infected with hydatid cyst; specifically, hydatid cyst was detected in the liver of sheep. The overall infection rate in slaughtered sheep in this period (from 1 January 2015 to 30 December 2015) was 7.06%. The fertility rate of 330 examined hydatid cysts selected from the overall slaughtered sheep was observed to be 18.18%. Hydatid cyst fluid collected from fertile cyst had high levels of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, chloride, iron, and alkaline phosphatase activity but a low level of sodium, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and total protein as compared to infertile hydatid fluid. Sections from infected liver showed distinct hydatid cyst structures and fibrous tissue; also, hepatic tissue showed necrosis of variable degrees. The prevalence of cystic Echinococcus in Hail area was at an overall rate of 7.06% and the majority of cysts in sheep were infertile. Additionally, biochemical analysis of HF could be helpful for the diagnosis of hepatic hydatid cysts which have a deleterious effect on morbidity and mortality in sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]