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Autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) promises to increase healthcare productivity, but real-world evidence is lacking. We developed a clinic productivity model to generate testable hypotheses and study design for a preregistered cluster-randomized clinical trial, in which we tested the hypothesis that a previously validated US FDA-authorized AI for diabetic eye exams increases clinic productivity (number of completed care encounters per hour per specialist physician) among patients with diabetes. Here we report that 105 clinic days are cluster randomized to either intervention (using AI diagnosis; 51 days; 494 patients) or control (not using AI diagnosis; 54 days; 499 patients). The prespecified primary endpoint is met: AI leads to 40% higher productivity (1.59 encounters/hour, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–1.80) than control (1.14 encounters/hour, 95% CI: 1.02–1.25), p < 0.00; the secondary endpoint (productivity in all patients) is also met. Autonomous AI increases healthcare system productivity, which could potentially increase access and reduce health disparities. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05182580. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological and economics issues are caused to give careful consideration to electric vehicles (EV) and sustainable power source assets. One of the proposed answers for increment the impact of these assets, is to utilize the electric vehicles potential. The capability of electric vehicles require planning for Smart Distribution Systems (SDS). Request reaction programs, as a suitable device to utilize endorsers' potential in ideal administration of the system, gives dynamic nearness of supporters in control framework execution change and these projects, in basic conditions, can give the request prerequisites diminishment, in a brief timeframe. In this work, attempts to presents a multi-objective scheduling of EV based on the sustainable assets in smart grid, cover uncertainty caused by inexhaustible assets and EVs, by considering of the request reaction projects and EV battery stockpiling framework, limit the working expenses and the measure of intensity framework contamination, with enhancing procedures. Improved optimization algorithm is utilized for taking care of the advancing issue. Operating costs dropped much further utilizing monetary model of the demand response and vehicle charge/discharge and smart program in the hours when the load is lower. Effectiveness of proposed method is applied on 33 bus standard power system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses to propose a new hybrid approach which combined the recurrent fuzzy neural network (RFNN) with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to simulate the flyrock distance induced by mine blasting. Here, this combination is abbreviated using RFNN–PSO. To evaluate the acceptability of RFNN–PSO model, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and non-linear regression models were also used. To achieve the objective of this research, 72 sets of data were collected from Shur river dam region, in Iran. Maximum charge per delay, stemming, burden, and spacing were considered as input parameters in the models. Then, the performance of the RFNN–PSO model was evaluated against ANFIS and non-linear regression models. Correlation coefficient (R2), Nash and Sutcliffe (NS), mean absolute bias error (MABE), and root-mean-squared error (RMSE) were used as comparing statistical indicators for the assessment of the developed approach's performance. Results show a satisfactory achievement between the actual and predicted flyrcok values by RFNN–PSO with R2, NS, MABE, and RMSE being 0.933, 0.921, 13.86, and 15.79, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rock shear strength parameters (interlocking and internal friction angel) are considered as significant factors in the designing stage of various geotechnical structures such as tunnels and foundations. Direct determination of these parameters in laboratory is time-consuming and expensive. Additionally, preparation of good quality of core samples is sometimes difficult. The objective of this paper is introducing and evaluating two hybrid artificial neural network (ANN)-based models by considering genetic algorithm (GA) and fuzzy inference system for prediction of interlocking of shale rock samples. Therefore, hybrid GA-ANN and adoptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were developed and to show the capability of the hybrid models, the predicted results were compared to those of a pre-developed ANN model. In development of these models, the results of rock index tests, i.e., point load index, dry density, p-wave velocity, Brazilian tensile strength and Schmidt hammer were taken into account as the input parameters, whereas the interlocking of the shale samples was set as the output. The results obtained in this study confirmed the high reliability of the developed hybrid models, however, ANFIS predictive model receives slightly higher performance prediction compared to GA-ANN technique. The obtained results of the developed models were (0.865, 0.852), (0.933, 0.929) and (0.957, 0.965) for ANN, GA-ANN and ANFIS models, respectively, based on coefficient of determination (R2). ANFIS can be introduced as an innovative model to the field of rock mechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pile as a type of foundation is a structure which can transfer heavy structural loads into the ground. Determination and proper prediction of pile bearing capacity are considered as a very important issue in preliminary design of geotechnical structures. This study attempts to develop several intelligent techniques for prediction of pile bearing capacity in cohesionless soil. To show the effects of fuzzy inference system and imperialism competitive algorithm (ICA) on a pre-developed artificial neural network (ANN), two hybrid ANN models namely ICA-ANN and adoptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were considered and developed to estimate pile bearing capacity. Then, results of these techniques were compared with those of ANN model and the best one among them was chosen according to the results of performance indices. Several parameters (i.e., internal friction angle of soil located in shaft and tip, effective vertical stress at pile toe, pile area, and pile length) were set as model inputs, while the output is the total driven pile bearing capacity. As a result of the developed models, coefficient of determination (R2) values of (0.895, 0.905), (0.945, 0.958), and (0.967, 0.975) were obtained for training and testing data sets of ANN, ICA-ANN, and ANFIS models, respectively. The results showed that both hybrid models are able to predict bearing capacity with high degree of accuracy; however, ANFIS receives more applicable based on used performance indices and it can be utilized for further researchers and engineers in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disproportionate or progressive collapse is a phenomenon in which entire structure or large part of it collapses because of the local failure of a structure. Resistance to such progressive collapse depends on continuity between elements and ductility of the connections. The ductility of commonly used bolted end plate connections may depend on the T-stub component of the connection. The aim of this paper is to study the behaviour of T-stub components of beam to column end plate bolted connections under large deformation demands associated with column loss scenario. For this purpose, a parametric study is carried out to evaluate the ultimate strength and deformation capacity considering two parameters i.e. distance between the bolts and endplate thickness. Based on the experimental data, numerical model has been validated and employed in a parametric numerical study aimed at improving the response under large deformation demands. The study indicate significant role of bolts in development of catenary forces since the ultimate tensile capacity of T-stub after undergoing large deformation in a ductile failure mode was controlled by the failure of the bolts. Parametric study reveals much higher bolt force in comparison with displacement controlled induced axial force in the T-stub indicating failure of the bolts at much lower applied axial force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shrimp ( Penaeus monodon) farming is a traditional aquaculture in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Changes in both the farming practice and yield of shrimp since the advent of commercial production in this area are evident in scientific studies. We assessed the historical perspective of shrimp farming indicating the major phase changes and present situation of the shrimp farming practice including recent changes in yield and cost-benefit. A systematic random sampling method was employed to conduct a total of 240 questionnaire surveys, 24 focused group discussions, and 60 key informant interviews in six sub-districts (upazila) from southwest coastal Bangladesh. We identified four major phase changes in the history of shrimp farming in southwest coastal Bangladesh and found that shrimp mixed culture is the most preferable form of extensive cultivation at present. Shrimp farmers' perceptions about changes in shrimp yield and changes in availability of ecosystem services represent declining trends over the last two decades. For 2015, shrimp yield was not significantly different with respect to salinity levels. The net benefit from shrimp mixed culture in 2015 was 121,000 taka/ha, which is 2.35 times higher compared to the net benefit from only shrimp (51,500 taka/ha). In this context, promoting shrimp mixed cultivation could be a management solution for sustainable development of shrimp farming in southwest coastal Bangladesh. The National Shrimp Policy of the government also emphasized on promoting environment-friendly shrimp mixed cultivation for sustainable development of shrimp farming. However, more institutional support such as training, extension support, technical assistance, and credit facility is required to implement the policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to use Clifford monoids to define weak Hopf quivers and to construct the corresponding class of weak Hopf algebras, i.e., the semilattice of graded weak Hopf algebras which were found to be useful in obtaining a regular R-matrix of a quantum double without a quasi-triangular structure. We define weak Hopf quivers and classify the semilattice of graded weak Hopf algebra structures over path coalgebras using weak Hopf quivers. This gives, precisely, a generalization of the classification of the graded weak Hopf algebra structures over path coalgebras using such quivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reports the operation of a laboratory-scale anoxic sulfide oxidizing (ASO) reactor to investigate the effects of influent nitrite to bisulfide molar ratios of 0.58, 1.45, and 1.75 upon the simultaneous bisulfide and nitrite removal rates from the synthetic wastewater. For all tested ratios, very high bisulfide removal percentages (above 99 %) were observed. The mass balance analysis suggested that the bisulfide oxidation was incomplete. The sulfate formation decreased with the increasing influent sulfide concentrations. An influent bisulfide concentration above 1400 mg S / 1 accompanied by high effluent nitrite might have some inhibitory effect on the complete sulfide oxidation to sulfate. Nitrite removal percentage for the 0.58 ratio was in the range of 71.89-86.86 %, showing some fluctuations in the working performance of the ASO reactor. Nitrite removal at the 1.45 ratio ranged from 72.70-87.30 %. Comparatively higher nitrogen removal (78-94 %) was observed for the 1.75 ratio. The application of an influent nitrite to sulfide molar ratio of 1.75 would be a better choice for higher nitrite and bisulfide removal efficiencies in an ASO reactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precision in measurement of trace level uranium isotopic ratio, i.e., 236U/238U or 234U/238U, on single Faraday detector with narrow dynamic range is very hard to achieve. this is mainly due to the narrow dynamic range of a single detector systems. A significant improvement in mass spectrometric determination of 236U/238U ratio has been achieved by employing an alternate method using a single Faraday detector of narrow dynamic range. The method makes use of the precise measurements of the 236U/234U ratio, 234U/235U ratio and 235U/238U ratio, which are used to calculate the 236U/238U ratio using the equation 236U/238U=236U/234U×234U/235U×235U/238U. Despite the fact that correlation of the data tends to increase the uncertainty in the result, our results show a significant improvement, i.e., more than 8 times better precision in measuring the 236U/238U ratio with this method ( σ=3.98×10−08) as compared to direct measurement of 236U/238U ( σ=3.104×10−07). The method widens the applicability of the single collector system with narrow dynamic range and it will potentially be helpful to improve the precision in the case of the static multi-collector system also. The objective of the present study was to compare the results of the same sample analyzed with the present alternate method and the direct method for precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Picrolonic acid (HPA) in methylisobutylketone (MIBK) (0.01 mol. dm-3) has been used for the extraction of lanthanide(III) ions such as Sm(III), Gd(III) and Ho(III) (Me) (~3. 10-6mol. dm-3) from pH 1-2 buffer solutions of 0.1 mol. dm-3(H+, Cl-) ionic strength and quantitative extraction (>95%) was found at pH 2. Through slope analysis the composition of the organometallic adduct responsible for the extraction came out to be M(PA)3. The conditional equilibrium constant values, log K ex, were deduced to be 2.60±0.01, 2.09±0.01 and 1.44±0.03 for these lanthanide(III) ions, respectively. The metals in concentration up to ~2.5. 10-4mol. dm-3can be quantitatively extracted by the proposed system. Among the various anions, fluoride, oxalate and cyanide ions (~3.0. 10-4mol. dm-3) and, among the cations, Zn(II) Cu(II), Co(II) and Fe(III) reduced the lanthanide extraction. The extraction of various other metal ions at the optimized conditions of Me extraction for this series of lanthanide ions was also studied and high separation factors (102-103) were obtained showing the good selectivity of this extraction system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulsed corona discharges have been utilized for plasma polymerization in aqueous solution for the first time. Superabsorbent copolymers, i.e., poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels, were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization using free radicals produced by pulsed corona discharges as initiator and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide as cross-linking agent. Acrylic acid contents in the monomers varied from 0% to 50%. The copolymers thus formed adsorbed 30–1100 g H2O/g of copolymer. The FTIR spectra of the copolymers are comparable with the published FTIR spectra of the corresponding copolymers synthesized by a conventional chemical method and by γ-ray technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of Sm(III), Dy(III) and Tm(III) with N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxalamine (BPHA) in benzene at pH range (1–10) has been studied. Quantitative separation was found in borate media at pH 8. The slope analysis showed that the extracted complex was M(BPHA)3, where M=Sm(III), Dy(III) and Tm(III). The effect of various masking agents indicated that EDTA, oxalate, fluoride, phosphate and citrate, interfered in this study. Decontamination study showed that Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Sc(III) and Fe(III) had very poor separation factors, whereas Sn(II), Cd(II), In(III), Ru(II), Hg(II), Ag(I), Ta(V) and Hf(IV) had very large separation factor. The effect of different diluents showed that carbontetrachloride, chloroform, benzene, toluene, nitrobenzene dichloromethane, MIBK and cyclohexanone were equally good for extraction except TBP due to ion association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the original publication, first author WanJun Yin's affiliation was incorrectly added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]