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Delay tolerant networks are among mobile ad hoc networks. There is not a complete and connected route between the source and destination in these networks due to the dispersion of the nodes and inconsistency of the links between the nodes every moment. Therefore, store-carry and forward patterns is used to send the data. If the source node encounters the destination node, it delivers the message to the destination or else it waits for an appropriate opportunity. The previous algorithms such as Fuzzy Spray, APRP, AFRON, AFSn, and Enhanced Fuzzy logic-based Spray and wait have used fuzzy logic to manage buffer. It seems that using fuzzy logic to determine the relay node can increase the efficacy of these networks. In this paper to determine the relay node we have used fuzzy logic. The fuzzy system inputs are buffer capacity parameters, remaining energy, and the number of node encountering. The output of fuzzy system can be one of the states of do nothing (don't send), spray relay, direct transmission and carrier node. The simulation results showed that the proposed method has had improved the similar methods regarding the hop count and the delivery ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiotoxicity is a life-threatening side effect of doxorubicin (DOX). Although the responsible mechanisms are largely unknown, it is demonstrated that DOX induces an elevation in the level of creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactic dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and troponin T in serum and reduces body/heart weight. In addition, cardiotoxicity is further confirmed by changes in ECG parameters and papillary muscle contractile force. Tropisetron is an effective antiemetic drug for chemotherapy-induced emesis. There is ample evidence that tropisetron exerts immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of tropisetron pretreatment against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. In this study, DOX toxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection (15 mg/kg), and in treated group, tropisetron (3 mg/kg; i.p) was administered 1 h prior to DOX injection. Our results indicated that tropisetron potently decreased body/heart weight loss and mortality rate and also improved ECG changes as well as heart contractility. In addition, tropisetron robustly counteracted the increase in the levels of serum biomarkers and alleviated the histopathological changes in rats' hearts as compared with the DOX group. Taken together, these results demonstrate that tropisetron has potent cardioprotective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Although obesity has been associated with improved survival on dialysis, its effects on renal transplantation outcomes remain unclear. Herein we aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on posttransplantation complications. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive renal transplant recpients from un related living donors was undertaken from 2006 to 2008. Results: We included 180 patients, 34 (18%) were obese (body mass index >30 kg/m) and 146 were lean. Obese patients were more likely to develope renal artery stenosis (17.6% vs 2.8%, p < 0.001), hematoma (47.9% vs 17.6, p = 0.009), wound complications (64.7% vs 9.6%, P < 0.001) and renal vein thrombosis(2% vs 0%, p < 0.001). Urologic complications consisting ureteral, ureteropelvic and ureterovesicular junction stenosis, wound bleeding, urinary leakage and renal artery thrombosis and also hospitalization time were found similar between the two groups. 2 year patiets and graft survival were not statististically different. Conclusions: Renal transplantation could be performed with reasonable urologic complications in obese patients [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]