Search

Being driven by the goal of finding edge modes and of explaining the occurrence of edge modes in the case of time-modulated metamaterials in the high-contrast and subwavelength regime, we analyse the topological properties of Floquet normal forms of periodically parameterized time-periodic linear ordinary differential equations d dt X = A α (t) X α ∈ T d . In fact, our main goal being the question whether an analogous principle as the bulk-boundary correspondence of solid-state physics is possible in the case of Floquet metamaterials, i.e., subwavelength high-contrast time-modulated metamaterials. This paper is a first step in that direction. Since the bulk-boundary correspondence states that topological properties of the bulk materials characterize the occurrence of edge modes, we dedicate this paper to the topological analysis of subwavelength solutions in Floquet metamaterials. This work should thus be considered as a basis for further investigation on whether topological properties of the bulk materials are linked to the occurrence of edge modes. The subwavelength solutions being described by a periodically parameterized time-periodic linear ordinary differential equation d dt X = A α (t) X α ∈ T d , we put ourselves in the general setting of periodically parameterized time-periodic linear ordinary differential equations and introduce a way to (topologically) classify a Floquet normal form F, P of the associated fundamental solution X α (t) = P (α , t) exp (t F α) α ∈ T d . This is achieved by analysing the topological properties of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the monodromy matrix X α (T) and the Lyapunov transformation P (α , t) . The corresponding topological invariants can then be applied to the setting of Floquet metamaterials. In this paper these general results are considered in the case of a hexagonal structure. We provide two interesting examples of topologically non-trivial time-modulated hexagonal structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Reports of permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (PCIA) are increasing in the field of oncodermatology, but there is a dearth of information regarding how it is recognized and managed by health care providers (HCPs) across different medical specialties (dermatology, oncology, and internal medicine).Methods: A 25-question survey was designed to elicit general knowledge and awareness of PCIA, as well as attitudes about referral and treatment. Responses were collected via REDCap, a secure online application, and analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square, and ANOVA tests.Results: There was a significant difference in the number of subjects who had heard of PCIA prior to starting the survey (Derm 79%, Onc 30%, IM 22%, p < 0.05). A larger percentage of dermatology and oncology HCPs knew the correct definition of the condition (alopecia persisting > 6 months) than IM (42% and 45% vs. 17%) and significantly more had encountered patients with the condition (47% and 45% vs. 17%). More providers in dermatology and IM knew how to diagnose PCIA compared with oncology (84% and 83% vs. 70%). Dermatology HCPs were the only participants who had attempted to treat patients with PCIA, and most providers believed that patients would accept similar types of treatment for PCIA. Dermatology HCPs were more likely to report higher confidence in their abilities to diagnose and manage PCIA than other providers.Conclusion: The results of this survey identify knowledge gaps about PCIA among health care providers. Therefore, education and multidisciplinary engagement should be pursued in order to improve awareness, diagnosis, referral, and management of PCIA as part of survivorship care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic engineering by viral infection of single cells is useful to study complex systems such as the brain. However, available methods for infecting single cells have drawbacks that limit their applications. Here we describe 'virus stamping', in which viruses are reversibly bound to a delivery vehicle-a functionalized glass pipette tip or magnetic nanoparticles in a pipette-that is brought into physical contact with the target cell on a surface or in tissue, using mechanical or magnetic forces. Different single cells in the same tissue can be infected with different viruses and an individual cell can be simultaneously infected with different viruses. We use rabies, lenti, herpes simplex, and adeno-associated viruses to drive expression of fluorescent markers or a calcium indicator in target cells in cell culture, mouse retina, human brain organoid, and the brains of live mice. Virus stamping provides a versatile solution for targeted single-cell infection of diverse cell types, both in vitro and in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated phagocytes, particularly polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils), by means of oxidative photonic burst, i.e., the combined activation of NADPH-oxidase and myeloperoxidase, generate large amounts of oxidants of the hypochlorite/chloramine type that are an important physiologic source for the nonradical, photon-emitting oxidant singlet oxygen (1O2), which (in the dark blood stream) is both a signal and an agent of defense against bacteria or fibrin. 1O2-oxidized fibrinogen or oxidized fibrin monomer has previously been shown to be unpolymerizable, and methionine to methionine sulfoxide-oxidized fibrinogen occurs in circulating blood. The present study demonstrates that thrombin converts oxidized fibrinogen into a soluble stimulator of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). After addition of 0.1 IU thrombin to 25 microl oxidized normal human plasma and an incubation time of 10 min (room temperature), t-PA activity increases about 20-fold when compared with oxidized plasma without the addition of thrombin. Thus, since oxidized fibrin monomer is a t-PA cofactor, thrombin-degraded oxidized fibrinogen can be used as a stimulator in functional t-PA assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Urologe A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: It is widely believed that Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)-associated diarrhea is a more severe disease in the elderly than in the young, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. These beliefs are largely anecdotal, and there are few data supporting them. METHODS: We conducted an evaluation in an urban, tertiary care hospital of 89 inpatients in whom C. difficile-associated diarrhea was identified. These patients were evaluated prospectively, and the group was divided by age into those <60 yr of age (younger) and those ≥60 yr (elderly). RESULTS: There was no difference in mortality or morbidity in elderly individuals with C. difficile-associated diarrhea when compared with younger persons similarly infected. The response to standard treatment was similar in both groups. Older patients were more likely to have an elevated white blood cell count in association with C. difficile-associated diarrhea (60% vs 26%, p < 0.05), and were more likely to have acquired their infection in the hospital (89% vs 50%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In the elderly, C. difficile-associated diarrhea is almost always acquired in institutions, and may not be obvious among patients' other problems. The elderly do not seem to have an increase in C. difficile diarrhea-associated morbidity or mortality. There is no evidence that C. difficile-associated diarrhea is more severe in the elderly than it is in the young. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract We administered 14 mg nicotine patches to 16 patients, all non-smokers, who displayed akathisia from antipsychotic drugs. On single-blind ratings, akathisia appeared significantly reduced on days when patients were wearing the patches as compared to the baseline day. These findings, if confirmed, may help to explain the high rates of tobacco use among psychotic patients, and may suggest avenues for the treatment of akathisia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments on saponin-permeabilized bovine and porcine coronary arteries were performed to examine whether fluoride-induced contractile mechanisms are retained after permeabilization and whether they modulate muscle tension without a change in cytoplasmic Ca. Fluoride induced reversible contractions in skinned coronary smooth muscle and shifted the apparent Ca-sensitivity of the contractile system to lower Ca values. Force development to fluoride required exogenous ATP and a minimum Ca concentration (pCa < 8) of the bathing medium. Force development occurred when the concentration of free Ca available to the contractile apparatus seemed to be sufficiently controlled by a Ca-EGTA buffering system. The effects of fluoride were enhanced by Al and imitated by both guanylyl-imidodiphosphate and 4β-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate which suggests the involvement of both GTP-binding protein(s) and of the C-kinase pathway. Under conditions of sufficiently controlled Ca buffering, saponin-skinned arteries responded to histamine or carbachol with an increase in muscle tension which was inhibited by specific receptor blocking agents (diphenhydramine, atropine), and which required the presence of both exogenous ATP and a low concentration of Ca (pCa 7) which per se did not result in a contractile response. It is concluded that agents acting on different steps of membrane-associated signal transduction pathways are able to induce contractile responses of saponin-skinned vascular smooth muscle without a change in cytosolic Ca concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the ARGUS detector at the ee storage ring DORIS II at DESY we have measured the parameters of a charmed strange meson D*(2573) decaying into DK. The mass of this state was found to be (2574.5±3.3±1.6) MeV/ c . The measured value of its width is (10.4±8.3±3.0) MeV and the product of the production cross section and branching ratio for this channel was determined to be (10.6±4.2) pb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the ARGUS detector at the storage ring DORIS II we have measured τ decays into three charged mesons containing K mesons. Exploiting the good particle identification capabilities of the detector we have determined the following branching ratios: $$Br\left( {\tau ^ - \to \overline {K^{*0} } \pi ^ - v_\tau } \right) = \left( {0.25 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.05} \right)\% $$ , B(τ→ K K v)= (0.20±0.05±0.04)%, and B(τ→ K X v) =(1.15±0.15)%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lepton spectra in τ decays have been studied with the ARGUS detector at the e e storage ring DORIS II at DESY using the 'pseudo-rest-frame' technique. We have improved upper limits for two-body τ-decays into a lepton and an unobservable particle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the ARGUS detector at the DORIS II electron-positron storage ring at DESY, we have measured BR( D→ Dπ)=(68.8±2.4±1.3)%, BR( D→ Dπ)=(31.2±1.1±0.8)%, BR( D→ Dγ)<5.2% (90%CL), BR( D→ Dπ)=(59.6±3.5±2.8)%, and BR( D→ Dγ)=(40.4±3.5±2.8)%, and the mass difference Δ m= m( D)− m( D)=(142.2±0.3±0.2)MeV/ c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The partial decay width into electrons, Γ, of the ϒ(1 S) and ϒ(2 S) resonances have been measured with the detector ARGUS at the e e storage ring DORISII of DESY. Applying the formula of Kuraev and Fadin for the radiative corrections we find: Γ(ϒ(1 S))= (1.32±0.04±0.03) keV and Γ(ϒ(2 S))=(0.52±0.03±0.01) keV. The total decay width of the ϒ(4 S) resonance and its partial width into electrons have been determined as well. Fitting the data with a generalized Breit-Wigner function with an energy dependent decay width Γ( s) and a mass shift function m(s), we obtain the following resonance parameters: Γ( M)=(10.0±2.8±2.7) MeV, Γ=(0.28±0.05±0.01)keV and B=(2.77±0.50±0.49)·10. We argue that the disagrecment of this result with the world average originates from our more adequate parametrization of the observed ϒ(4 S) resonance cross section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the ARGUS detector at the e e storage ring DORIS II, we have studied Cabibbo-suppressed D decay modes resulting in the K K π π final state and two-body D decay modes with a ϕ meson in the final state. The BR( D→ K Kππ was measured for the first time. We also present a measurement of the D →K K K branching ratio. The values are compared with other experimental results and model predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the ARGUS detector at the e e storage ring DORIS II, flavour-dependent kaon production in B meson decays has been studied. Using the leptons as flavour tags, it has been possible to separately measure the multiplicities of K, K and K in inclusive B decays and in semileptonic B decays. The kaon production in semileptonic B decays was further used to estimate the ratio of charmed decays over all decays, and thus also the fraction of charmless B decays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of K(892), K(892), ρ(770) and ω(783) vector mesons in ρ(770) events as well as in the gluonic Υ(1 S) decays and ρ(770) decays has been studied using the ARGUS detector. Combining these results with data on pseudoscalar meson, ϕ meson and baryon production collected with the same detector allow comprehensive studies of quark and gluon fragmentation. Model independent information on s quark and vector meson suppression ( s/u=0.37±0.04, V/(V+P)=0.21±0.04 and V/(V+P)=0.34±0.03)) are derived. The data are compared with predictions from the models Jetset 7.3 and UCLA 7.31. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusive production cross sections of η′ (958) and f (975) mesons are measured in e e annihilation in the nonresonant continuum around $$\sqrt s = 10$$ GeV and in decays of the υ resonances using the ARGUS detector. For η′ (958) mesons, a production ratio of η′ (958)/η=0.35±0.24, with η=η−BR(η′→η X)·η′, is determined in direct υ(1 S) decays, which can be partially explained by the pseudoscalar singlet/octet mixing. For f(975) production, we obtain a production ratio of f(975)/ p(770)°=0.17±0.030 in direct υ(1 S) decays. In its production features, the f(975) behaves like an ordinary meson, though a K $$\bar K$$ molecule nature cannot be excluded. The substantial production yield of the f(975) meson demonstrates the important effect of feeddown from mesons beyond the basic multiples on pseudoscalar and vector meson production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pflüger's Archiv Für Die Gesamte Physiologie Des Menschen Und Der Tiere is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effects of coronary dilatators were studied in isolated, isovolumetrically beating guinea pig hearts at different Ca-concentrations of the perfusion fluid. In all experiments hypoxic dilatation of the vessels was absent because the coronary venous partial pressure of oxygen was higher than 50 mm Hg. The coronary dilatation caused by six of the investigated substances-Nifedipine, Prenylamin, Verapamil, Lidoflazin, Dipyridamol and Hexobendin-could be suppressed by increasing of the Ca-concentration of the perfusion fluid. Therefore the mechanism of action on the smooth muscles of the coronary vessels has to be explained by a calcium antagonistic effect of these substances. The contractility of the myocardium is influenced in different ways. Nifedipine, Verapamil and Prenylamin show negative inotropic effects, which are also compensated by increasing the Ca-concentration. In contrast Hexobendin, Lidoflazin and Dipyridamol show no negative or even a small positive inotropic effect. The effects of nitroglycerine and carbochromen are not affected by changes of the extracellular Ca-concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In experiments on anaesthetized dogs the arterial blood pressure and the left ventricular pressure were enhanced by intraarterial blood transfusion. The circumflex branch of the left coronary artery was perfused by constant blood pressure at 65, 100 or 200 mm Hg. After elimination of the sinus node the heart rate was kept constant at 150 beats per minute by electrical stimulation of the right auricle. The metabolically regulated component of coronary resistance of the circumflex branch was kept constant by a maximal pharmacological dilatation. On this condition the coronary blood flow decreases with increasing left intraventricular systolic pressure. The coronary resistance increases. The increasing coronary resistance with increasing intraventricular blood pressure is caused by an enhancement of the extravascular component because the perfusion pressure and hematocrit were constant, and the coronary vessel maximal dilated. The rise of coronary resistance with increasing intraventricular blood pressure depends on the height of perfusion pressure. Low perfusion pressure is combined with a marked increase, while the increase is small in the experiments with high perfusion pressure. The pathophysiological significance of the results has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 9 dogs the heart rate was kept constant by electrical stimulation of the right auricle after elimination of the sinus node. Hypercapnia was induced by increasing inspiratory carbonic acid concentration at constant oxygen concentration. The mean arterial carbonic acid partial pressure increased from 40.5 to 70.5 mm Hg. The mean pH decreased from 7.30-7.14. Under these conditions the coronary flow did not change. Systolic and diastolic aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure, and the maximal rate of pressure rise in the left ventricle remained unchanged. Alterations of coronary blood flow caused by increased carbonic acid concentrations as described by other authors can be explained by a change of hemodynamic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Studies the interaction of treatments by nicotinamide, diphosphopyridinenucleotide and traumatic shock on the rate of whole-body metabolism of ethyl alcohol. Three controlled experiments using 32 quartets of litter-mate male white mice; Pretreatment with nicotinamide; Absence of significant interaction between pretreatment with either nicotinamide or diphosphopyridinenucleotide and treatment by fracturing the femur on the rate of whole-body metabolism of alcohol.

Examines the effect of traumatic shock on the level of blood ethyl alcohol in mice. Close fracture of the femur of mice; Rates of whole body metabolism of ethyl alcohol; Sequestration of ethyl alcohol in the fracture site.

In a controlled experiment using 86 pairs of male white mice matched for weight, the blood alcohol level after intraperitoneal injection of ethyl alcohol was slightly but significantly elevated In animals in which a closed fracture of the femur was produced at the time of the alcohol injection. Significant elevation of blood alcohol was present at half an hour after alcohol injection and was still present three hours after injection. Blood alcohol levels In both Injured and control animals decreased linearly at the same rate with the logarithm of time, but the regression line of the blood alcohol levels of the injured animals was higher than that of the control animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]