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A meta-analysis including all relevant randomized controlled trials was conducted to compare soft bandage, splint and cast as the treatment of torus fracture. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched in January 2023. Two comparisons were made: (1) splint versus cast, and (2) bandage versus rigid immobilization (i.e. splint or cast). Main outcomes were pain, clinical healing of the fracture and return to activities. Secondary outcomes were adverse events (skin issues, problems with cast/splint/bandage) and patient/parental satisfaction. Seven studies with 1550 patients were included. Splint was associated with higher pain scores at 3 days compared to cast (Mean difference [MD] 1.00, CI 0.06–1.94) and at 1 week (MD 1.46, CI 0.84–2.08, moderate-certainty evidence), but faster return to activities (at 3 weeks RR 1.77, CI 1.09–2.88, at 4 weeks RR 1.44, CI 1.11–1.82, moderate-certainty evidence). All torus fractures heal clinically within 3–4 weeks (low-certainty evidence). Bandage may lead to slightly higher pain score (MD 0.35, CI 0.04–0.66, moderate-certainty evidence) at first day after treatment compared to rigid immobilization, but no evidence of a difference was found in later time points. In conclusion, soft bandage or removable wrist splint seem to be optimal first-line treatment of distal forearm torus fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, electrical fires, which constitute the majority of fire incidents, have become a significant concern. This paper presents a quantitative evaluation of the research on electrical fires from 1993 to 2022, using literature measurement and visual analysis techniques. A total of 2915 publications were collected from the Web of Science database to review and analyze the research progress on electrical fires. In this investigation, the quantitative distribution of literature by year as well as the distributions of main source journals, countries and regions, institutions, and discipline categories were analyzed. Additionally, research hotspots were identified and the knowledge field was mapped using VOSviewer. The results indicated an exponential growth in the number of publications on electrical fires, with Ceramics International emerging as the most prolific journal, having published 79 papers and accounting for 2.5% of the total research. The most active countries in electrical fire research were found to be China, the United States, South Korea, India, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom, with Chinese publications having the most significant impact. The University of Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Tsinghua University are the most productive institutions in the field of electrical fire research; their main research directions include electrical structure, electrical experiment simulation, insulating materials, battery fires, fire extinguishing technology, and detection methods. Further, we observed that the scope of research on electrical fires has expanded from the macro to micro level. Thematic analysis conducted in the last decade has revealed that battery fires and equipment materials have emerged as the primary focus of research in this field. These research findings offer a comprehensive overview of the evolution of research hotspots, which can assist researchers in quickly grasping the research frontiers as well as the overall situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most frequent hereditary tumor syndrome and is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). While gene-specific and age-specific differences are considered in patient surveillance, gender-specific risks in the development of CRC have been reported in many studies but are not consistently documented. Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate gender-specific differences in CRC development among LS patients. Material and methods: A systematic literature search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted in the PubMed, Ovid, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. A total of 688 studies were screened, and 41 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Men have a higher risk of CRC and develop CRC earlier compared to women. Conclusion: These findings indicate gender-specific differences in the risk of CRC among LS patients, although they do not currently justify separate surveillance strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review of qualitative studies synthesised evidence on the experience chronic pain from the perspective of romantic partners. Medline via Ovid, Embase via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO, APA PsycInfo via Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. Studies exploring the impact of chronic pain from partners' perspectives using qualitative data collection methods were eligible for inclusion. Thematic synthesis was conducted, and confidence in the review findings was assessed using GRADE CERQual criteria. A total of 198 participants were represented from 15 primary studies. Four interconnected analytical themes were developed: 'life is different', 'internal conflict between two worlds', 'togetherness vs separateness', and 'coping in the longer term'. Out of 27 review findings, 9 were assessed as high confidence, 12 as moderate confidence, 4 as low confidence, and 2 as very low confidence. Socially isolated partners, those in strained relationships, and partners who continually sacrificed their own needs were more likely to experience distressing emotions. Greater recognition of partners' needs is needed within pain management services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to assess the growth, most influential articles, countries, journals, authors, and papers published in the field of global oral cancer. Research articles on oral cancer, published between 1989 and 2022, were identified through the Web of Science database to achieve this. Methods: A comprehensive dataset comprising 7,178 documents was meticulously extracted from the Web of Science, forming the basis for scientometric analysis. A refined subset of 4,901 documents was judiciously selected following a rigorous screening process for meticulous, in-depth analysis. Results: The field has witnessed a remarkable publication surge, with the United States taking the lead in productivity. The journal Oral Oncology has become the foremost publication, renowned for its prolific output and widespread citation. This trend highlights the growing importance and interest in this domain, with researchers and experts worldwide contributing to the expanding body of knowledge. The United States' dominance in productivity suggests its strong commitment to advancing research in the field, while Oral Oncology's recognition underscores its influential role in disseminating cutting-edge findings and fostering scientific progress. Conclusion: This scientometric analysis is a valuable resource for researchers, funding agencies, industry, and institutions, offering guidance and insights. Clinical trial number: Not Applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesiodens, which emerge towards the nasal cavity, often require consultation in maxillofacial practice. Typically accessed through wide palatal flaps with ostectomy, this method involves limited visibility and poses the risk of damaging the roots and apex of adjacent dental structures. This study advocates a minimally invasive technique that involves vestibulotomy between the central incisors, facilitating direct and rapid access through nasal floor dissection, minimizing comorbidities. A systematic review was performed, following the PRISMA guidelines, apropos on ten clinical cases reported in this study. The MEDLINE/Pubmed and Web of Science databases were searched. Several variables were considered and are presented comprehensively in tables and figures. Additionally, 10 case reports with mesiodens in the maxilla were submitted to surgical treatment using a minimally invasive intraoral transnasal disinclusion. The initial literature search resulted in 37 articles, of which 9 met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. Regarding postoperative complications, no bone exposure, incisor root damage, extensive surgical approach, palatal or vestibular hematoma, or palatal necrosis was observed. However, 10% experienced superficial damage to the nasopalatine neurovascular, while 80% and 20% presented mild and moderate postoperative facial edema, respectively. Hypoesthesia in 20% of patients recovered in the first week, 40% in the first month and 40% at 3 months. The minimally invasive intraoral, transnasal, non-endoscopic approach emerges as a safe and predictable alternative to conventional surgical techniques. Presumes minimal postoperative complications, mitigating the risk of excessive bone removal and damage to adjacent structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Appendicitis is one of the most common acute surgical conditions globally. However, the association between nighttime appendectomy and patients' morbidity and mortality is unclear. This study aims to compare outcomes following nighttime versus daytime appendectomy. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to March 26, 2024 (updated on July 1, 2024) were searched. The primary outcomes were postoperative complications and mortality. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative complications, reoperation, readmission, conversion to laparotomy, hospital stay and operation time. Mean difference (MD) or odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Fifteen studies totaling 33,596 patients were included. There were no differences between nighttime and daytime appendectomy for rates of overall postoperative complications (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87, 1.00, 14 studies), mortality (OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.37, 7.88, 7 studies), intraoperative complications (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.08, 9.86; 2 studies), reoperation (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.06, 2.55; 3 studies) and readmission (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.65, 1.13; I2 = 0%, 5 studies). However, the conversion to laparotomy risks (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.12, 3.29; 6 studies) among patients who underwent appendectomy during nighttime was significantly elevated compared to daytime. Conclusions: There was no increased risk or difference in postoperative mortality and complication rates associated with nighttime compared with daytime appendectomy. However, future studies should assess the reasons for higher conversion rates during the night. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various factors have been found responsible for the increment in ecological footprint resulting difficulties in maintaining environmental sustainability. This has been noticed through a modeling perspective. Identifying the factors affecting Ecological Footprint helps policymakers to formulate policies regarding sustainability. However, studies conducted based upon systematic reviews on Ecological Footprint through modeling are still limited. Objective: This study intends to identify influential factors associated with ecological footprint through a systematic review. Methods: ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used to search literature systematically. Particular keywords and Boolean operators were applied to dig out relevant studies for the review. Peer-reviewed research articles published in the English language till September 13, 2023, were incorporated for the analysis. Following the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), 1011 articles were identified from four different databases and only 37 research papers were eligible for this study. These articles were assessed and relevant information was extracted and then amalgamated into the systematic review. Results: Gross domestic product, urbanization, energy consumption, renewable energy, non-renewable energy, natural resources, bio-capacity, human capital, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and financial development were observed as key factors of the ecological footprint. Conclusion: Factors known to influence ecological footprint need to be addressed properly for environmental sustainability including widespread use of renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientometric analysis significantly advances the understanding of landslide risk assessment and economic losses, focusing on scientometric insights. This study aims at analyzing the global trends and structures of landslide risk and economic loss research from 2002 to 2023 using scientometric techniques such as co-authorship, co-word, co-citation, cluster analysis, and trend topics, among others. Thus, analysis of 92 studies gathered from Scopus and Web of Science databases reveals a continuous growth in environmental, social, and quantitative research topics. Predominant contributions hail mainly from China and Italy. The research identifies critical themes, including risk analysis, vulnerability, fragility, and economic losses. The current identified research combines advanced statistical methods, including logistic regression, with climate change scenarios and susceptibility assessments to reveal intricate connections between climatic shifts, hydrogeological hazards, and their economic and environmental impacts. This study provides researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the status quo and research trends of ontology research landslide risk and its economic losses. It also promotes further studies in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to perform an integrative review of solitary angiokeratomas cases in the oral cavity and to report a new case in a 39-year-old man. A modified PECOS strategy was used using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and the reference lists of the selected articles. Case reports of oral solitary angiokeratoma published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages with histopathological diagnosis without the presence of systemic disorders were included. Of the 51 articles identified, 18 met the eligibility criteria. Solitary angiokeratomas have a slight male predilection, with a peak incidence in the fourth decade of life. The tongue was the most common localization (77.7%), followed by buccal mucosa (11.1%), labial mucosa (5.6%), and tonsillar pillar (5.6%). The granulomatous appearance was the most frequent clinical aspect. Surgical excision was implemented in 94.4% of the cases. The lesion presented a good prognosis, with no recurrence in 3 to 24 months. In summary, solitary angiokeratoma is a rare lesion in the oral cavity. The professional making the oral diagnosis should be familiar with the clinical manifestation of angiokeratoma and be prepared to consider it in the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions since these lesions may be part of systemic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Methods Results Conclusion Level of Evidence Some patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury initially treated with rehabilitation need ACL reconstruction (ACLR); yet, it is unclear what characterizes these patients. This review aimed to describe predictors for ACLR in patients initially treated with rehabilitation.A systematic literature search was performed in the Cochrane, Embase, Medline, SportsDiscus and Web of Science databases from inception to 21 February 2023. Articles describing characteristics in adult patients with ACL injury undergoing ACLR after a minimum of 5 weeks rehabilitation were included. It was a priori chosen that characteristics described in at least three articles were considered more certain and could be defined as a predictor for ACLR, and those described in less than three articles were considered less certain and therefore defined as possible predictors. Articles were screened by two independent reviewers. The study was originally intended as a systematic review with meta‐analysis, but in case of limited data, we would convert it to a scoping review, as was the case for this review.There were 22,836 studies identified, and 181 full texts were screened, of which 10 papers were finally included. Only lower age and higher preinjury activity level were identified as predictors for ACLR. Another 12 possible predictors were identified in single studies. Through an iterative process, potential predictors were categorized into four groups: patient demographics, knee function, patient‐reported outcome measures and anatomical structures.Lower age and higher preinjury activity level were the only predictors for ACLR after initial treatment with rehabilitation. While younger and highly active patients show a higher need for ACLR, more studies focussing on predictors and reasons for delayed ACLR are warranted.Level II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Scrupulosity" is a common but understudied subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by religious obsessions and compulsions. Although scrupulosity is a common manifestation of OCD, it has not been adequately addressed in treatment studies. The aim of this study was to understand the conceptual nuances of scrupulosity, its diagnosis, the unique differences in conceptualization and interventions during its treatment, the specific tools needed to monitor the prognosis of the pathology, and the limitations of existing studies through a systematic review. Following PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was conducted, and 13 relevant studies were found in Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, EbscoHost + Ulakbim, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online, and Web of Science databases. Two researchers independently rated the included articles using the MMAT and then met to compare the ratings. Disagreements were resolved through discussion and consensus was reached. There was a general lack of clarity in the conceptualization, diagnosis, and measurement of the severity of scrupulosity, and the content of religious or cultural interventions in the studies was not always clear. For future studies, further clarification, and systematization of the phenomenological features of scrupulosity and related epidemiological and empirical/experimental treatment research are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Therapeutic endoscopy and gastroenterology fellows often participate in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during their training period. However, it is generally feared that trainee involvement may increase ERCP-related complications, mainly because of the side-viewing nature of the endoscope and the higher risk of pancreatic duct cannulation. There is no concrete evidence to support this notion. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the resultsof trainee participation on adverse events related to ERCP. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 31 May 2023 for studies evaluating the ERCP outcomes defined as success rates, procedure time, failed attempts, and adverse events with and without trainee participation. A random effect model was used to perform the meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistics. Results: Seven studies were included in the final analysis, including 17,088 ERCPs. The pooled odds ratio (pOR) of success rate, incomplete/failed attempts in the trainee and no trainee groups were 0.466 (95% CI 0.13 to 1.66, I2 = 97.8%, p = 0.239) and 3.2 (95% CI 0.70 to 14.55), I2 = 98.5%, p = 0.134), respectively. The pOR of post-ERCP pancreatitis and bleeding in the trainee vs. no trainee groups was 0.97 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.23, I2 = 0%, p = 0.78) and 1.3 (95% CI 0.59 to 2.83, I2 = 49%, p = 0.54). The pOR of all adverse events in both groups was 1.028 (95% CI 0.917 to 1.152, I2 = 0%, p = 0.636). Surprisingly, the pooled std mean difference for the procedure time was 0.217 (95% − 0.093 to 0.05, I2 = 98.5%, p = 0.17). Conclusion: This meta-analysis comprising of 17,088 ERCPs in seven studies demonstrated comparable ERCP outcomes related to trainee participation regarding success rates, procedure time, and adverse events. Trainees' involvement in ERCP within a proper teaching setting appears safe and does not compromise the overall procedure's success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Genetic factors are important in terms of athletic performance. Recent studies to determine the relationship between the genes that lead to physiological responses have attracted attention. In this respect, this meta-analysis study was designed to examine the relationship between genetic polymorphism (BDKRB2 rs5810761, GNB3 rs5443, HIF1A rs11549565, MCT1 rs1049434, NOS3 rs2070744) and endurance athlete's status. Methods: The search included studies published from 2009 to 2022. To determine the relevant studies, Pubmed, Web of Science databases were systematically scanned. Only case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. To determine the relevant studies, Pubmed, Web of Science databases were systematically scanned, and a total of 31 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Relevant data from the included studies were collected and analyzed using a random effects or fixed effects model. The effect size was calculated as the odds ratio or a risk ratio the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: According to the results of the analysis, BDKRB2 rs5810761 + 9 allele, and NOS3 rs2070744 T allele were significantly more prevalent in endurance athletes (p < 0.05). Genotype distributions of BDKRB2 rs5810761, MCT1 rs1049434, and NOS3 rs2070744 showed significant differences in the dominant model (p < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between endurance athlete status and GNB3 rs5443 and HIF1A rs11549465 polymorphisms. Conclusion: These results show that some gene polymorphisms play an important role in endurance athlete status and suggest that having a specific genetic basis may also confer a physiological advantage for performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ketamine, as an anesthetic, has been considered for terminating status epilepticus (SE); however, due to the urgency and severity of the condition, there are currently no randomized controlled trials internationally assessing the efficacy of ketamine for treating super-refractory status epilepticus. Similarly, there appears to be a lack of systematic reviews addressing this topic in the literature. Therefore, this systematic review aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of ketamine for terminating super-refractory status epilepticus. Methods: We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Manuscripts unrelated to the research on super-refractory status epilepticus were excluded, as were manuscripts published in non-English languages. The quality assessment and risk of bias were evaluated using the MINORS criteria. Data extraction was limited to qualitative synthesis due to the unsuitability of the data for meta-analysis. Results: Out of 782 studies retrieved from electronic databases, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 10 studies were retrospective, and 1 study was prospective. Patient data for inclusion were sourced from the case registries of the researchers' respective hospitals. Across all included studies, the administration of ketamine significantly reduced the duration of status epilepticus and demonstrated higher safety compared to patients not receiving ketamine treatment for super-refractory status epilepticus. Additionally, early administration of ketamine correlated with improved treatment outcomes. The risk of bias across all studies was deemed low. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that ketamine may be a feasible treatment option for super-refractory status epilepticus. However, given the critical nature of super-refractory status epilepticus, clinicians should prioritize its termination over evaluating the efficacy of specific medications, ensuring patient safety remains paramount. If feasible in real-world medical settings, future research should focus on designing randomized controlled trials to observe the specific efficacy and mechanisms of ketamine. Careful validation is necessary before considering ketamine as a first-line treatment for super-refractory status epilepticus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the success of monolithic zirconia restorations (MZ), metal-ceramic restorations (MC) are still considered the gold standard for fixed prosthetics in the posterior region. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the fracture strengths of single-unit MC and MZ in the molar region. This review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA, 2020) statement. All articles were searched from the PubMed and Web of Science databases until November 18, 2022. All in vitro studies evaluating the fracture strengths of MC and MZ were also included. Statistical analysis was performed with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program, with a significance level of 0.05. Out of 753 studies, five were selected. The fracture strengths of MZ and MC did not show any statistically significant difference for both tooth (95% CI − 1.589: 2.118, p = 0.779, z = 0.280) and implant (95% CI − 2.215: 2.191, p = 0.992 z = − 0.010) supported restorations. However, different abutment materials (p < 0.001) and aging treatments (p < 0.001) in tooth-supported restorations displayed a significant statistical difference. Additionally, a significant difference was also observed in subgroup analysis considering different cements (p = 0.001) and load speeds (p = 0.001) in implant-supported restorations. Fracture strengths of MZ and MC did not show a significant statistical difference in implant or tooth-supported single-unit posterior restorations. MZ may be a suitable alternative to MC in single-unit posterior restorations. The results should be interpreted with caution, as the included studies were in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the status and trends of Two-Dimensional Nano Black Phosphorus (2D nano BP) in cancer research from 2015 to 2023, offering insights for future studies. To achieve this, articles from the Web of Science database published between 2015 and 2023 were analyzed using R and VOSviewer software. The analysis included 446 articles, revealing a consistent increase in publication rates, especially between 2017 and 2019. China emerged as a leader in both publication volume and international collaborations. Prominent journals in this field included ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces and Advanced Materials, while key researchers were identified as Zhang Han, Tao Wei, and Yu Xuefeng. The analysis highlighted common keywords such as drug delivery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy, indicating the major research focuses. The findings suggest that 2D nano BP holds significant promise in cancer treatment research, with a growing global interest. This study thus serves as a valuable reference for future investigations, providing a detailed analysis of the current state and emerging trends in this promising field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) typically involves neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery (total mesorectal excision, TME). While achieving a complete pathological response (pCR) is a strong indicator of a positive prognosis, the specific benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy after pCR remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential advantages of adjuvant therapy in patients who achieve pCR. Methods: In this study, we searched Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant research. We focused on binary outcomes, analyzing them using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). To account for potential variability between studies, all endpoints were analyzed with DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models. We assessed heterogeneity using the I2 statistic and employed the R statistical software (version 4.2.3) for all analyses. Results: Thirty-four studies, comprising 31,558 patients, were included. The outcomes demonstrated a significant difference favoring the AC group in terms of overall survival (OS) (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60–0.94; p = 0.015; I2 = 0%), and OS in 5 years (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.21–2.24; p = 0.001; I2 = 39%). There was no significant difference between the groups for disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.76–1.17; p = 0.61; I2 = 17%), DFS in 5 years (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.82–1.74; p = 0.36; I2 = 43%), recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 1.10; 95% CI 0.87–1.40; p = 0.39; I2 = 0%), and relapse-free survival (OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.78–1.51; p = 0.62; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant difference in favor of the ACT group in terms of survival after pCR. Therefore, the administration of this treatment as adjuvant therapy should be encouraged in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the diagnostic yield of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in suspect Primary Immunodeficiencies Diseases (PIDs). This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA criteria. Searching Pubmed and Web of Science databases, the following keywords were used in the search: ("Next-generation sequencing") OR "whole exome sequencing" OR "whole genome sequencing") AND ("primary immunodeficiency disease" OR "PIDs"). We used STARD items to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The meta-analysis included 29 studies with 5847 patients, revealing a pooled positive detection rate of 42% (95% CI 0.29–0.54, P < 0.001) for NGS in suspected PID cases. Subgroup analyses based on family history demonstrated a higher detection rate of 58% (95% CI 0.43–0.71) in patients with a family history compared to 33% (95% CI 0.21–0.46) in those without (P < 0.001). Stratification by disease types showed varied detection rates, with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency leading at 58% (P < 0.001). Among 253 PID-related genes, RAG1, ATM, BTK, and others constituted major contributors, with 34 genes not included in the 2022 IUIS gene list. The application of NGS in suspected PID patients can provide significant diagnostic results, especially in patients with a family history. Meanwhile, NGS performs excellently in accurately diagnosing disease types, and early identification of disease types can benefit patients in treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is often managed surgically. Enzymatic chemonucleolysis emerged as a non-surgical alternative. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of chemonucleolytic enzymes for LDH. The primary objective is to evaluate efficacy through "treatment success" (i.e., pain reduction) and severe adverse events (SAEs) rates. Additionally, differences in efficacy and safety trends among chemonucleolytic enzymes are explored. Following our PROSPERO registered protocol (CRD42023451546) and PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted up to July 18, 2023. Inclusion criteria involved human LDH treatment with enzymatic chemonucleolysis reagents, assessing pain alleviation, imaging changes, and reporting on SAEs, with focus on allergic reactions. Quality assessment employed the Cochrane Source of Bias and MINORS tools. Meta-analysis utilized odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 62 included studies (12,368 patients), chemonucleolysis demonstrated an 79% treatment success rate and significantly outperformed placebo controls (OR 3.35, 95% CI 2.41–4.65) and scored similar to surgical interventions (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.20–2.10). SAEs occurred in 1.4% of cases, with slightly higher rates in chymopapain cohorts. No significant differences in "proceeding to surgery" rates were observed between chemonucleolysis and control cohorts. Limitations include dated and heterogeneous studies, emphasizing the need for higher-quality trials. Further optimization through careful patient selection and advances in therapy implementation may further enhance outcomes. The observed benefits call for wider clinical exploration and adoption. No funding was received for this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Lateral interbody fusion (LIF) is an increasingly popular minimally-invasive spine procedure. This study identifies notable trends in LIF literature and provides a detailed review of the bibliometric aspects of the top 100 most-cited articles. Methods: Articles were queried from the Web of Science database. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed articles, full-text availability, and LIF focus. Network analysis including co-authorship mapping and bibliographic coupling were complemented by trend analysis to determine prominent contributors and themes. Analyses were conducted using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix (RStudio). Results: There has been a rapid increase in LIF publication and citation count since 1998. Leading journals were Spine (n = 24), Journal of Neurosurgery Spine (n = 22), and European Spine Journal (n = 12). NuVasive funded the most publications (n = 17), followed by DePuy Synthes Spine (n = 4). The United States was the most represented country (n = 81); however, trend analysis suggests a steadily growing international contribution. The most prolific author was J.S. Uribe (n = 16), followed by a tie in second place by E. Dakwar and L. Pimenta (n = 8). The most frequent keywords, "complication" (n = 34), "surgery" (n = 30), and "outcomes" (n = 24), demonstrated a patient-centric theme. Conclusions: This bibliometric analysis provides in-depth insights into the evolution and trends of LIF over the last two decades. The trends and themes identified demonstrate the innovative, collaborative, and patient-focused characteristics of this subfield. Future researchers can use this as a foundation for understanding the past and present state of LIF research while designing investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to fill an existing knowledge gap within the literature: the characteristics of networks of publication on innovation management research and its relationship with country's innovativeness. The study is grounded in the theory that the creation of knowledge and collaboration within networks play a pivotal role in improving a nation's innovation capacity. It presents and describes the characteristics of co-authorship networks of scientific publications among authors from different countries. The published articles were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, considering a period of 12 years. Following the identification of pivotal countries, the research proceeded to investigate whether their positioning within the network has an impact on their innovation capabilities. To underpin this analysis, data from the Global Innovation Index ranking were employed. Among the six countries demonstrating noteworthy centrality metrics throughout the entire period, Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom are also categorized as innovators according to the Global Innovation Index. The overlap observed suggests a relationship between countries maintaining consolidated and resilient innovation networks and positive performance in terms of innovation. However, it should be noted that innovation is influenced by a range of factors, including strategies and policies on international collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, agroecology has gained prominence as one of the innovative approaches to agriculture that could positively contribute to achieving sustainable food systems. As a transdisciplinary science, agroecology could benefit from the contribution of socio-economic sciences. This study aims to give an overview of how scholars have approached socio-economic issues in the field of agroecology. A scoping review was conducted by using the PRISMA-ScR method, searching both Scopus and Web of Sciences databases. The selected body of literature (183 articles) provides an overview of the key socio-economic dimensions analysed in the literature on agroecology and the results achieved by scholars. The findings allowed drawing the research gaps and the future research directions in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the standard of care for the management of choledocholithiasis but carries risk of complications which may result in significant morbidity and mortality. While currently available guidelines endorse the use of ERCP for the management of symptomatic common bile duct stones, the need for ERCP in incidentally found asymptomatic choledocholithiasis is more controversial, and practice varies on a geographic and institutional level. This systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to compare post-ERCP adverse events between asymptomatic and symptomatic choledocholithiasis patients. Methods: We searched PubMed/Embase/Web of Science databases to include all studies comparing post-ERCP outcomes between asymptomatic and symptomatic choledocholithiasis patients. The primary outcome was post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), while secondary outcomes included post-ERCP cholangitis, bleeding, and perforation. We calculated pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Mantel–Haenszel method within a random-effect model. Results: Our analysis included six observational studies, totaling 2,178 choledocholithiasis patients (392 asymptomatic and 1786 symptomatic); 53% were female. Asymptomatic patients exhibited a higher risk of PEP compared with symptomatic patients (11.7% versus 4.8%; RR 2.59, 95% CI 1.56–4.31, p ≤ 0.001). No significant difference was observed in post-ERCP cholangitis, bleeding, or perforation rates between the two groups. Conclusions: Asymptomatic patients with choledocholithiasis appear to have a higher risk of PEP than symptomatic patients, while the risk of other post-ERCP adverse events is similar between the two groups. Interventional endoscopists should thoroughly discuss potential adverse events (particularly PEP) with asymptomatic patients before performing ERCP and utilize PEP-prevention measures more liberally in this subgroup of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The approval of selumetinib in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PN) has reshaped the landscape of clinical management of the disease, and further comprehensive evaluation of the drug's efficacy and safety is needed. Methods: Original articles reporting on the efficacy and safety of elumetinib in patients with NF1 were comprehensively searched in the Pubmed database, Embase database, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database and screened for inclusion of studies that met the criteria. We pooled the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), disease progression rate (DPR), and the rate of improvement in PN-related complications using meta-analysis. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was also statistically analyzed. Results: This study included 10 clinical trials involving 268 patients. The pooled ORR was 68.0% (95% CI 58.0–77.3%), the DCR was 96.8% (95% CI 90.8–99.7%) and the DPR was only 1.4% (95% CI 0–4.3%). The pooled improvement rate was 75.3% (95% CI 56.2–90.9%) for pain and 77.8% (95% CI 63.1–92.5%) for motor disorders. Most adverse events were mild, with the most common being gastrointestinal reactions (diarrhea: 62.5%; vomiting: 54.5%). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that selumetinib is effective in patients with NF1 and PN, significantly improving the serious complications associated with PN as well as having tolerable toxicities. Our findings help to increase clinicians' confidence in applying selumetinib and promote the clinical adoption and benefit of the new drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-product biorefineries are up-and-coming industries to diversify the economy of countries since they have a productive matrix with a biological characteristic capable of processing various types of biomass with applications in pharmaceutical, renewable energy, and other industries. In this context, this research analyzes the literature on biorefineries and the methods of assessing social impacts that consider quality of life, employment, and stakeholders, among other metrics, as guided by the United Nations—UN. A systematic review combined with bibliometric, semantic, and content analysis was carried out by searching scientific documents in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. A total of 116 articles were located, of which three researchers selected twenty-three to compose the research. The Fleiss Kappa Index was applied to verify the agreement of the evaluators' decision regarding the inclusion and exclusion of articles, whose result was K = 0.43 above the tolerable limit defined for the inclusion of articles, which is K ≥ 0.21. Therefore, all twenty-three articles were included. The results indicate that authors showed greater interest in the topic of this research in the period from 2017 to 2019, representing 70% of the total scientific findings in the reviewed literature. It was observed that the types of research that predominate in the studies are empirical, with 52% of the articles. The qualitative approach, however, obtained a variation of 400% in the studied period. Another important fact is that 93% of all authors published only 1, and not 61% as expected by Lotka law. Social impact studies show greater adherence to second-generation lignocellulosic biorefineries, which use the fractionation of inedible materials and projects whose methods consider Social Life Cycle and Multicriteria are more consistent for assessing the social impacts of biorefineries, as they allow an analysis of qualitative and quantitative information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment for peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) is based on surgical excision and the primary goal is to improve symptoms whilst preserving neurological function. In order to improve this technique, surgeons may use sodium fluorescein (SF) to help visualize the neoplasm and, consequently, facilitate its removal. Aiming to assess the efficacy of this emerging surgical strategy, we conducted a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. We conducted a systematic search on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies without outcomes of interest, case series with less than four patients, letters, comments, technical notes, editorials, reviews, and basic research papers were excluded. The outcomes considered for this study were: the number of tumors that achieved total resection, subtotal resection, or near total resection, the approach/technique utilized by the surgeon, SF-related complications, and total complications. Five studies, with a total of 175 individuals, were included in our survey. Notably, 70% of the neoplasms presented by the patients were schwannomas. Considering extracranial lesions, we found a proportion of 96% (95% CI: 88 − 100%) in total resection, 0% (95% CI: 0–1%) in near total resection, and 4% (95% CI: 0–12%) in subtotal resection, all linked to an amount of 185 analyzed PNSTs. Furthermore, a proportion of 1% (95% CI: 0 − 2%) in SF-related complications was spotted among 183 patients. Finally, total complications analysis accounted for 11% (95% CI: 0 − 25%) among 183 individuals. We concluded that SF-assisted resection of PNSTs is a suitable and relatively safe technique, linked to minimum complications, of which the majority was not associated with the chemical compound itself. Future research is necessary to increase the number of patients available in the current literature and, therefore, enhance future analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore technological advances and prospects in phenol treatment by providing a detailed bibliometric survey of wastewater treatment applications, highlighting innovative advances in research. Using the Web of Science database, we identified 79,104 articles from 2003 to 2023, later refined to 1848. The keywords were used for the initial search: "phenol", "wastewater", "degradation", "treatment" and "removal". The bibliographic review details the occurrence of journals, authors, newspapers, countries, institutions, keywords, highly cited articles, and prominent predominant research fields. In particular, the field of "Engineering" was responsible for 32% of the published articles, followed by "Ecology of Environmental Sciences" (25%) and "Chemistry" (12%). In addition, a keyword analysis revealed five major groups of clusters that indicate where the research is progressing. This aspect is crucial for understanding the evolution and perspectives of research interests over time. Therefore, future research in the field should prioritize wastewater treatment and feedstock diversification. This focus is essential to address significant challenges, such as production costs, stability, and durability of treatment processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) equipment has advanced dramatically over the years thanks to considerable advancements in signal motors, coils, placement devices, and modeling, optimization, and treatment scheduling programs. In this review, a primary assessment of the impact of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on seizure course in people with and without epilepsy has been done through search in the Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Other proposed roles of TMS in various studies has been reported. The features of TMS protocols for several potential disorders was assessed and the key TMS findings has been documented starting from 1985 until 2023. Results: More than 500 papers were found that describe various research populations, TMS techniques, and TMS functions in 16 various medical conditions. Conclusion: After reviewing recent updates in TMS, further researches are needed to improve the technical part of the used TMS protocols and to have definitive results not experimental one with regard to TMS usage in various psychiatric and neurological disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A good nutritional status appears to slow down disease progression and ameliorate symptoms' intensity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Up to date, there are several interventional studies, which have explored the potential beneficial effects of specific dietary patterns as well as specific bioactive nutrients against disease progression and symptomatology of MS patients. This is a thorough, scoping review, which aims to critically summarize and scrutinize the currently available clinical evidence of the potential beneficial effects of nutritional interventional studies against MS progression and symptomatology. This review was conducted to systematically map the research done in this area, as well as to identify gaps in knowledge. For this purpose, we thoroughly explored the most accurate scientific web databases, e.g., PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to achieve the most relevant clinical human studies applying effective and characteristic keywords. There are currently several dietary patterns and specific bioactive nutrients that show promising results by slowing down disease progression and by improving MS symptoms. However, there are also certain conflicting results, while most of the existing studies enrolled a small number of MS patients. Nutritional interventions may exert substantial protective effects against MS progression and symptomatology. However, large, long-term, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials with a prospective design are strongly recommended to delineate whether such nutritional intervention may attenuate disease progression, and improve symptomatology in MS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vertebral augmentation, such as vertebroplasty (VP) or kyphoplasty (KP), has been utilized for decades to treat OVCFs; however, the precise impact of this procedure on reducing mortality risk remains a topic of controversy. This study aimed to explore the potential protective effects of vertebral augmentation on mortality in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) using a large-scale meta-analysis. Materials and methods: Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science databases were employed for literature exploration until May 2023. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized as a summary statistic via random-effect models. Statistical analysis was executed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results: After rigorous screening, a total of five studies with substantial sample sizes were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. The total number of participants included in the study was an 2,421,178, comprising of 42,934 cases of vertebral augmentation and 1,991,244 instances of non-operative management. The surgical intervention was found to be significantly associated with an 18% reduction in the risk of mortality (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.78, 0.85). Subgroup analysis revealed a remarkable 71% reduction in mortality risk following surgical intervention during short-term follow-up (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.26, 0.32). Furthermore, KP exhibited a superior and more credible decrease in the risk of mortality when compared to VP treatment. Conclusions: Based on a comprehensive analysis of large samples, vertebral augmentation has been shown to significantly reduce the mortality risk associated with OVCFs, particularly in the early stages following fractures. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that KP is more reliable and effective than VP in terms of mitigating mortality risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-profile stents may provide significant advantages in Y-stent-assisted coiling due to their miniaturized design and capability to be delivered through a 0.0165-inch microcatheter. We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of using these newer versions of stents in Y-stent-assisted coiling for the treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to September 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included ≥ 5 patients with intracranial wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms treated with Y-stent-assisted coiling using low-profile stents, providing angiographic and clinical outcomes. Two authors independently handled the search and selection. Primary outcomes were immediate and follow-up aneurysm occlusion, procedure-related complications, aneurysm recanalization, and retreatment. Secondary outcomes included technical success, procedure-related morbidity, procedure-related mortality, procedure-related stroke, and in-stent stenosis at follow-up. We analyzed the data using random-effects meta-analysis. In total, 19 studies including 507 patients with 509 aneurysms were included. 95% of the treated aneurysms were managed using the crossing Y-configuration. Technical success rate was 99%. Immediate adequate aneurysm occlusion was 90%. Follow-up angiographies were available for 443 aneurysms. The mean angiographic follow-up duration was 15.6 ± 1.9 months. The rates for follow-up adequate aneurysm occlusion and complete occlusion were 98% and 89%, respectively. After a mean clinical follow-up of 15 ± 2.4 months, a good clinical outcome was observed in 98% of patients. Overall, procedure-related morbidity and mortality rates were 1.3%, and 0.4%, respectively. Low-profile stents in Y-stent-assisted coiling outperform previous stent versions in terms of safety, efficacy, and technical success rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Melia is known for its secondary metabolites and recently, this genus is being explored for its timber. There are vast differences among its species. For instance, Melia azedarach is reported to be invasive and while another species, M. dubia, has diverse utility with complex germination and regeneration characteristics. Researchers globally have been working on various aspects of this genus; In this study, using topic modelling and science mapping approach, we attempted to understand research facets on this genus. The literature corpus of the Web of Science database was explored using a single keyword—"Melia" which yielded 1523 publications (1946–2022) and after scrutiny metadata of 1263 publications were used in the study. Although nine individual species were cited in the publications, only three species are accepted viz., M. dubia, M. azedarach, and M. volkensii. This implies taxonomic uncertainty, with potential confusion in assigning scientific findings to particular species. Thus, a taxonomic relook on this genus is warranted for a better assessment of the economic utility in many countries. More importantly, our results indicate that the research interests have recently shifted from the secondary metabolite constituents towards growth, biomass, wood properties, germination, plantation, and green synthesis. The shift in research focus toward wood properties of Melia sp. can impact the wood demand–supply at a global scale owing to its fast growth and the possibility of cultivation over a wider geographical range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world's largest carbon sink, the oceans are essential to achieving the 1.5 °C target. Marine ecosystems play a crucial role in the "sink enhancement" process. A deeper comprehension of research trends, hotspots, and the boundaries of ocean carbon sinks is necessary for a more effective response to climate change. To this end, academic literature in the field of ocean carbon sinks was investigated and analyzed using the core database of the Web of Science. The results show that (1) The ocean carbon sink is a global study. The number of literatures in the field of ocean carbon sinks is growing, and the USA and China are the main leaders, with the USA accounting for 31.19% of the global publications and China accounting for 26.57% of the global publications, and the environmental science discipline is the most popular in this field. (2) Keyword burst detection shows that the keywords "sink, sensitivity, land, dynamics, and seagrass" appear earliest and have high burst intensity, which are the hot spots of research in this field; the keyword clustering shows that the global ocean carbon sinks research mainly focuses on three themes: (i) carbon cycle and climate change; (ii) carbon sinks estimation models and techniques; and (iii) carbon sinks capacity and ocean biological carbon sequestration in different seas. Finally, targeted research recommendations are proposed to further match the ocean carbon sink research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This systematic review aims to provide a data synthesis about the risk of neovaginal cancer in women with Müllerian anomalies and to investigate the association between the adopted reconstructive technique and the cancer histotype. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to March 1st, 2023. Studies were included if: (1) only women affected by Müllerian malformations were included, (2) the congenital defect and the vaginoplasty technique were clearly reported, (3) the type of malignancy was specified. Results: Literature search yielded 18 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and two cases of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (VAIN 3). Of these, 3 had been operated on according to the Wharton technique, 8 according to the McIndoe technique, 3 with a split-skin graft vaginoplasty, 2 according to the Davydov technique, 2 with a simple cleavage technique, 1 according to the Vecchietti technique and 1 with a bladder flap vaginoplasty. A total of 17 cases of adenocarcinoma and 1 case of high-grade polypoid dysplasia were also described. Of these, 15 had undergone intestinal vaginoplasty, 1 had been operated on according to the McIndoe technique and 1 had undergone non-surgical vaginoplasty. Finally, 1 case of verrucous carcinoma in a woman who had undergone a split-skin graft vaginoplasty, was reported. Conclusion: Although rare, neovaginal carcinoma is a definite risk after vaginal reconstruction, regardless of the adopted technique. Gynaecologic visits including the speculum examination, the HPV DNA and/or the Pap smear tests should be scheduled on an annual basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to gather evidence to clarify if cheiloscopy can be used in sex estimation and identify the reasons behind the lack of consensus in the scientific community. The systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. A bibliographic survey was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, restricted to articles published between 2010 and 2020. Studies were selected according to eligibility criteria, and then the study data were collected. The risk of bias in each study was assessed and applied as additional inclusion or exclusion criteria. The results of the articles eligible for analysis were synthesized using a descriptive approach. In the 41 included studies, several methodological flaws and variations between studies that contribute to the discrepancy in results were identified. The data gathered allowed us to conclude that there is no strong scientific evidence to support the use of cheiloscopy in sex estimation, as there is no specific pattern for each sex, which reduces the criminalistic interest of cheiloscopy in estimating this parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production around the epistemic injustice construct in the period 1998–2023. The data to perform the analysis was retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, and its analysis tool was used to obtain the bibliometric indicators. As part of the analysis, the most relevant authors, the journals with the greatest impact, the countries with the greatest scientific production, and the areas where the subject has had a broader development are presented. In addition, a review of the articles with the greatest impact on scientific production under this theme is included. It is concluded that epistemic injustice is a concept that continues to develop and expand in the humanities and social sciences, health sciences, education and other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncertainty theory, founded in 2007, has become a branch of mathematics to model uncertainty rather than randomness. As an indispensable part of uncertainty theory, uncertain graph and uncertain network optimization has received the wide attention of many scholars. Naturally, a series of original research achievements have been obtained on uncertain graph and uncertain network optimization. This paper aims to present a state-of-the-art review on the recent advance in uncertain graph and uncertain network optimization. Furthermore, it hopes to predict the possible future research directions. Based on Web of Science database, this paper retrieves 144 related papers from 2011 to 2021 to analyze the features of published articles. More precisely, we analyze the annual number of publications, key topics and sub-fields, journals, and most-cited articles. In addition, the main results and models for uncertain graph and uncertain network optimization are summarized. Furthermore, the limitations of existing literature and the possible development trend are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a pivotal protein involved in the regulatory mechanism for global protein synthesis in both physiological and pathological conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in regulating gene expression by targeting mRNA. However, the ability of miRNAs to regulate eIF4E and its phosphorylation remains relatively unknown. In this study, we predicted and experimentally verified targets for miR-483-5p, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E and its binding proteins, 4E-BPs, that regulate protein synthesis. Using the Web of Science database, we identified 28 experimentally verified miR-483-5p targets, and by the TargetScan database, we found 1818 predicted mRNA targets, including EIF4E, EIF4EBP1, and EIF4EBP2. We verified that miR-483-5p significantly reduced ERK1 and MKNK1 mRNA levels in HEK293 cells. Furthermore, we discovered that miR-483-5p suppressed EIF4EBP1 and EIF4EBP2, but not EIF4E. Finally, we found that miR-483-5p reduced the level of phosphorylated eIF4E (pSer209eIF4E) but not total eIF4E. In conclusion, our study suggests that miR-483-5p's multi-targeting effect on the ERK1/ MKNK1 axis modulates the phosphorylation state of eIF4E. Unlike siRNA, miRNA can have multiple targets in the pathway, and thereby exploring the role of miR-483-5p in various cancer models may uncover therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freezing of gait (FoG) is one of the most distressing symptoms of Parkinson's Disease (PD), commonly occurring in patients at middle and late stages of the disease. Automatic and accurate FoG detection and prediction have emerged as a promising tool for long-term monitoring of PD and implementation of gait assistance systems. This paper reviews the recent development of FoG detection and prediction using wearable sensors, with attention on identifying knowledge gaps that need to be filled in future research. This review searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases to collect studies that detect or predict FoG with wearable sensors. After screening, 89 of 270 articles were included. The data description, extracted features, detection/prediction methods, and classification performance were extracted from the articles. As the number of papers of this area is increasing, the performance has been steadily improved. However, small datasets and inconsistent evaluation processes still hinder the application of FoG detection and prediction with wearable sensors in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The ideal contrast agent for imaging patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following locoregional therapies (LRT) remains uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging with extracellular contrast agent (ECA-MRI) and hepatobiliary agent (EOB-MRI) in detecting residual or recurrence HCC following LRT. Methods: Original studies comparing the diagnostic performance of ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI were systematically identified through comprehensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI were calculated using a bivariate-random-effects model. Subgroup-analyses were conducted to compare the diagnostic performance of ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI according to different variables. Meta-regression analysis was employed to explore potential sources of study heterogeneity. Results: A total of 15 eligible studies encompassing 803 patients and 1018 lesions were included. Comparative analysis revealed no significant difference between ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI in the overall pooled sensitivity (87% vs. 79%) and specificity (92% vs. 96%) for the detection of residual or recurrent HCC after LRT (P = 0.41), with comparable areas under the HSROC of 0.95 and 0.92. Subgroup analyses indicated no significant diagnostic performance differences between ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI according to study design, type of LRT, most common etiology of liver disease, baseline lesion size, time of post-treated examination and MRI field strength (All P > 0.05). Conclusion: ECA-MRI exhibited overall comparable diagnostic performance to EOB-MRI in assessing residual or recurrent HCC after LRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The association between the presence of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis and the onset of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is yet to be established. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a thorough summary of the available evidence on this association. Methods: A thorough search of the literature was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. The protocol was duly registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023398856). The hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the occurrence of HE after TIPS were extracted from studies comparing cirrhotic patients with and without sarcopenia. These data were then combined using a random-effect model. Results: A total of 1135 patients from seven cohort studies that met our eligibility criteria were included in the meta-analysis. Our findings indicate a significantly higher risk of post-TIPS HE among cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared to those without sarcopenia (HR, 2.35; 95% CIs 1.32–4.19; p = 0.004; I2 = 75%). The findings remained consistent across subgroups stratified by liver disease etiology, study location, and severity of hepatic dysfunction. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that sarcopenia was strongly linked to an increased likelihood post-TIPS HE among cirrhotic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flooding is a global threat, necessitating a comprehensive management approach. Due to the complexity of managing flood hazards and risks, researchers have advocated for holistic, comprehensive, and integrated approaches. This study, employing a systems thinking perspective, assessed global flood risk management research trends, gaps, and opportunities using 132 published documents in BibTeX format. A systematic review of downloaded documents from the Scopus and Web of Science databases revealed slow progress of approximately 11.61% annual growth in applying systems thinking and its concomitant approaches to understanding global flood risk management over the past two decades compared to other fields like water resource management and business management systems. A significant gap exists in the application of systems thinking methodologies to flood risk management research between developed and developing countries, particularly in Africa, highlighting the urgency of reoriented research and policy efforts. The application gaps of the study methodology are linked to challenges outlined in existing literature, such as issues related to technical expertise and resource constraints. This study advocates a shift from linear to holistic approaches in flood risk management, aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2023 and the Sustainable Development Goals. Collaboration among researchers, institutions, and countries is essential to address this global challenge effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the literature related to the underrepresentation of women academics in order to identify the factors that influence the underrepresentation of women in higher-education teaching, academic leadership and research. In order to accomplish this, we conducted a review of 83 research articles from 2005 to June 2023 available in the Web of Science database and their references. The results show that the factors that explain underrepresentation of women academics are diverse, complex and intertwined, and related to socio-cultural parameters. The literature review allowed us to create an integrated framework of factors that contribute to the underrepresentation of women academics, which includes six categories: personal, family, educational, social, organizational and labor-economic factors. This research is useful for researchers and policy makers because it introduces this phenomenon schematically and identifies the gaps in previous research studies. It also evidences the need to conduct further research on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand the current research scenario through published studies on corporate sustainability, emphasizing the environmental approach. Methodologically, this research develops a systematic literature review based on papers published in the Web of Science database in the last ten years. As a result, there was an upward evolution of research on the searched topic, with one hundred fifteen publications in the last three years compared to one hundred six documents published in the previous seven years. It is also observed that studies published at the beginning of the time frame between 2011 and 2020 were more concerned with the adoption of corporate sustainability, while the most recent research focuses on new approaches and methodologies for its implementation. And, with regard to its implementation, one of the main barriers is the incorrect perception of senior managers that the results from corporate sustainability must be more linked to the economic than to the environmental and social spheres. As relevant aspects, this study observed that new technologies, currently led by the 5th generation mobile network (5G) and Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), can contribute to the insertion of corporate sustainability in the industrial context. It also noted that, despite being recent, COVID-19 was considered by several researchers as an event to be considered in terms of corporate sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are widely used, which has caused huge pressure on the ecological environment, especially human health. It is necessary to have a detailed understanding and real-time tracking of the current research progress and hot spots on the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials, so as to provide guidance for researchers in this field to carry out new research. In this paper, CiteSpace software was used to perform bibliometric and visual analysis of all publications related to the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials in the Web of Science database. The results show that the number of annual articles has increased significantly since 2004, and 83.1% of the articles were published in the last decade (2013–2022). China has the largest number of publications, while the United States plays an authoritative role in this field. ACS Appl Material Inter is the most published journal, and ACS Nano is the most cited journal. The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Dayong Wang were the institutions and authors with the largest number of papers, respectively. The toxicity and mechanism of CNMs (such as oxidative stress, cell death, and cell membrane damage) and their applications in biomedicine, material synthesis, and sensors, etc., are the research hot topics in this field. The comprehensive risk assessment and safe utilization of CNMs may be an urgent problem to be solved currently. Our findings present the hot topics and development trends in the field of carbon nanomaterials toxicity, which would be helpful to provide a reference for future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Low-velocity gunshot fractures (LVGFs) are a common type of gunshot-induced trauma with the potential for complications such as infection and osteomyelitis. The effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in LVGFs remains uncertain, leading to ongoing debate about the appropriate treatment. In this review, we evaluate recent updates on the current understanding of antibiotic therapy in LVGFs, how previous studies have investigated the use of antibiotics in LVGFs, and the current state of institutional policies and protocols for treating LVGFs with antibiotics. Methods: We conducted a review of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify studies that investigated the use of antibiotics in LVGFs after the last review in 2013. Due to the lack of quantitative clinical trial studies, we employed a narrative synthesis approach to analyze and present the findings from the included primary studies. We categorized the outcomes based on the anatomical location of the LVGFs. Results: After evaluating 67 publications with the necessary qualifications out of 578 abstracts, 17 articles were included. The sample size of the studies ranged from 22 to 252 patients. The antibiotics used in the studies varied, and the follow-up period ranged from three months to ten years. The included studies investigated the use of antibiotics in treating LVGFs at various anatomic locations, including the humerus, forearm, hand and wrist, hip, femur, tibia, and foot and ankle. Conclusion: Our study provides updated evidence for the use of antibiotics in LVGFs and highlights the need for further research to establish evidence-based guidelines. We also highlight the lack of institutional policies for treating LVGFs and the heterogeneity in treatments among institutions with established protocols. A single-dose antibiotic approach could be cost-effective for patients with non-operatively treated LVGFs. We suggest that a national or international registry for gunshot injuries, antibiotics, and infections could serve as a valuable resource for collecting and analyzing data related to these important healthcare issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives : To determine the accuracy of the EOS imaging system compared to the gold standard computed tomography (CT) scan, for the measurement of native and postoperative/prosthetic hip parameters in adolescents and adults. Methods: Medline, Cochrane Systematic Review, and Web of Science databases were searched to obtain relevant articles published between January 1964 and February 2021. All articles published in English. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed according to the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome (PICO) framework. Three reviewers independently assessed the quality of included studies using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) checklist. A narrative synthesis of the articles and a meta-analysis were conducted. The heterogeneity exhibited by the effect sizes was obtained using a forest plot, the Q statistic and the I2 index. Reliability coefficients were transformed into Fisher's Z to normalise their distribution and stabilise the variances. For each meta-analysis, an effect size (average reliability coefficient) and a 95% confidence interval were calculated and presented in a forest plot. The amount of radiation dose between modalities was compared. Results: The search retrieved 75 articles, six of which met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis included five of these six studies (sample size from 20 to 90). Comparing EOS and CT, the estimated average correlation (effect size) for combined studies was significantly high (r = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.88, p-value < 0.001). With respect to Pearson's correlation between EOS and CT, the estimated average correlation for combined studies was significantly high (r = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.90, p-value < 0.001). Average radiation dose for EOS was 0.18 ± 0.05 mGy for the anteroposterior view (AP) and 0.45 ± 0.08 mGy for the lateral view; and for CT was 8.4 to 15.6 mGy. Conclusion: The EOS imaging system has a high correlation with CT for preoperative and postoperative/prosthetic hip measurements, with considerably lower irradiation of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study contributes to the unconsolidated cryptocurrency literature, with a systematic literature review focused on cryptocurrency market microstructure. We searched Web of Science database and focused only on journals listed on 2021 ABS list. Our final sample comprises 138 research papers. We employed a quantitative and an integrative analysis, and revealed complex network associations, and a detailed research trending analysis. Our study provides a robust and systematic contribution to cryptocurrency literature by making use of a powerful and accurate methodology—the bibliographic coupling, also by only considering ABS academic journals, using a wider keyword scope, and not enforcing any restrictions regarding areas of knowledge, thus enhancing the contribution of extant literature by allowing the insights of more high-quality peripheral studies on the subject. The conclusions of this study are of extreme importance for researchers, investors, regulators, and the academic community in general. Our study provides high structured networking and clear information for research outlets and literature strands, for future studies on cryptocurrency investment, it also presents valuable insights to better understand the cryptocurrency market microstructure and deliver helpful information for regulators to effectively regulate cryptocurrencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different disciplines continue to place more and more importance on design. This growth results in a variety of terminology relating to design being used in different studies. This study aims to reveal the current state of design education in two phases: (1) a bibliometric analysis to show the patterns in design education studies published in the Web of Science database, (2) a content analysis to examine how the design education studies use design related terminology. In the bibliometric analysis five themes emerged: science, engineering, technology, literacy and design-based research. The largest theme in our analysis is engineering. Science and technology also became prominent themes in addition to engineering's predominance. Technology and engineering journals served as the main publishing platform for design research, with the qualitative approach and theoretical studies in design education coming in second and third, respectively, in terms of frequency of use. 192 design-related keywords were found in the content analysis of 2062 abstracts, and they were divided into four groups in the design glossary: 8 keywords for design framework, 47 keywords for design types, 29 keywords for teaching design, and 108 keywords for design concepts. The variety of keywords connected to design illustrates the depth of the expanding interest in design education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]