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The study aims to find the quality of research papers published in the domain of entrepreneurship in India. This study covers 100 research papers. A standardized measurement tool developed by the earlier researchers was used to evaluate the research quality. The data compiled using the measurement tool were analyzed with the support of the SPSS. The statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, Friedman's test, factor analysis, two-sample 't' test, and ANOVA are applied to analyze the data. The study findings reported that the quality of research papers published in the field of entrepreneurship is not up to the quality standards. The quality of multiple-author papers is better than single-author papers. Similarly, the quality of papers published by foreign authors is comparatively better than Indian authors. Further, the quality of papers published with the combination of foreign and Indian authors is substantially good. The quality of papers published in foreign journals is higher as compared with Indian journals. Further, the standard of papers published under the qualitative approach was comparatively better than the quantitative approach. The authors developed a Conceptual Model of Process and Product of Research (YOVA model). This model clearly shows that the whole research process yields six levels of research products. The study recommended that the researchers need to go for international collaborations to improve the quality of the publication. The funding agencies, higher learning institutions and research institutions should focus on enhancing research infrastructure. The study examined the validity of research articles searched by novice researchers in India in Google by using keywords related to entrepreneurship and, as such this non-focused approach is a big impediment to quality research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the extant literature suggests that an individual's occupational choice depends on the level of economic development, little is known about how the dynamics of education and social identity impact self-employment choice over time in a developing country setting. The pseudo-panel regression results presented here suggest that higher education decreases the likelihood of individuals' choice of self-employment over time in India, but increases it in most developed cohorts. Such transitional dynamics are more prominent amongst individuals who belong to historically determined backward classes. Furthermore, the results suggest sectoral differences in self-employment choice—individuals with higher education and wealth have a greater likelihood of transiting into self-employment over time in agriculture while similar individuals in non-agriculture exit self-employment. In both sectors, however, education moderates the impact of social identity on self-employment choice. The paper underscores the need for policy shifts towards entrepreneurship along the path of economic development. Plain English Summary: University education helps overcome social barriers to self-employment in India. While it reduces the transition into self-employment over time, educated individuals are more likely to move back into self-employment in the most developed cohorts. We examine the occupational dynamics over ten years using large-scale databases by tracking self-employment in cohorts of individuals across India. The results suggest that university education enables individuals from socially backward classes to overcome barriers to self-employment in both non-agricultural and agricultural sectors. Although university education decreases the likelihood of self-employment over time, it increases self-employment in the most developed cohorts. The paper suggests that public policy should focus on facilitating industrial development in the initial stages of development as individuals are motivated to invest in professional human capital during these periods while encouraging entrepreneurial activities when a more developed economy can provide opportunities for greater returns in self-employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets out some findings of a research project carried out in private unaided schools in low-income areas of Hyderabad, India. The part of the research project documented here was designed to examine the question: ‘Is the regulatory regime conducive to entrepreneurial action and market discovery’ with particular reference to the low-income schools in Hyderabad. This paper is narrowly focused, setting out the results of pattern matching empirical data with the Austrian economic concepts of entrepreneurship, rivalry, and market discovery. The research discovered that two regulatory regimes exist, one that is set out ‘on paper’ in the Education Acts and associated rules, and another that operates ‘in practice’. That is, there is a combination of regulations ‘on paper’ and regulations existing in an ‘extra-legal’ sector. Generally it was found that the regulations ‘in practice’ are consistent with market principles. Conversely the regulations set out ‘on paper’ are not conducive to entrepreneurial innovation and market discovery. Recommendations for potential policy initiatives include the possibility of legitimising the ‘extra-legal’ sector by introducing self-regulation possibly via self-evaluation systems for the private unaided schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the light of Bandura's (Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive perspective, Princeton-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1986) social cognitive theory (SCT), we investigated the roles of four different entrepreneurial factors: entrepreneurial qualities (EQ), entrepreneurial knowledge (EK), perceived entrepreneurialism (PE) and entrepreneurial inspiration (EIN), in entrepreneurial intention (EI) formation. Alongside, this paper explored the unique role played by entrepreneurial self-efficacy as a mediator among the list of determinants and EI. The study approached with a sample of 1062 final year engineering student from 15 premier technical institutes in India. The findings show that the effects of EQ, PE, and EIN on EI are partially mediated by entrepreneurial self-efficacy whereas a full mediation between EK and EI, which is consistent with the SCT framework. The implications suggest for improving the EK delivery system, which in turn will make students feel self-efficacious toward being entrepreneurial. The article argued on various pedagogical as well as the policy-related context of business venturing at Indian technical institutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demonetization policy of 2016 in India anticipated that a large share of the old notes was held by tax evaders and criminals, who, in the interest of avoiding legal scrutiny, would not exchange their currency for the new notes in circulation. The Indian government expected a revenue windfall between 10 and 33% of the currency in circulation through unreturned notes. After the demonetization policy, entrepreneurs discovered ways to effectively and swiftly launder money and 99.3% of the revoked currency was returned within the sixty-day window. This paper discusses the kinds of entrepreneurship and superfluous discovery processes post-demonetization that helped circumvent the intended goals of demonetization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expansion of employment opportunities among management graduates is an important objective of the management schools across India. At the same time, however, the rate of employment growth in India slowed down from 2.7 percent to 1.07 percent in the last decade. Given this fact, it is increasingly realized that most of the management schools do not offer any assurance of employment to students in the formal job market The role of entrepreneurship education in management schools becomes extremely important as it will foster job creation, encourage risk taking and innovation, and improve the global competitiveness of Indian enterprises. This paper discusses the current need in management schools to integrate entrepreneurship education as an essential component in the curriculum. This will create a new breed of entrepreneurs, who will help India achieve a new form of economic development, which can encompass all spheres of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we use the term jugaad to describe the frugal, flexible, and inclusive approach to innovation and entrepreneurship emerging from India. We articulate why this method is appropriate within the Indian context and highlight similarities between jugaad and related types of innovation originating from other emerging (and developed) economies. Next, we identify different types of organizations that engage in jugaad and elucidate their abilities, or lack thereof, to undertake such innovation. Finally, we incorporate the notion of jugaad within current theorizing on innovation and entrepreneurship and outline an agenda for future research on this topic. Overall, we provide insights on a mode of innovating that is increasingly prevalent in India as well as certain economies around the world and take steps towards integrating this concept into the mainstream theory, practice, and policy discourses around innovation and entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents authors' comments on the increasing investments in the field of research in nanotechnology in India and offers suggestions for country's rapid economic growth. Topics include investments in sectors such as education, infrastructure and entrepreneurship, nanotechnology funding by several Indian government bodies such as the Department of Information Technology, and insufficient human resources in the field of nantechnology in India.

This paper examines the insights provided by investigations into the ground level realities of marketing rural products by women entrepreneurs in India. Production for local marketing through direct selling is a relatively easy and prevalent strategy but such a method is inconsistent in a modern economy in which the rural enterprises have to compete with more organised firms. The paper finds evidences of new models of organisation and marketing emerging in the rural scene but argues that entrepreneurial strategy must utilise both the lessons drawn from the modern marketing discipline and the strengths of the informal network-based traditional experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last two decades entrepreneurship education has grown rapidly in the West, and has acquired academic legitimization and respectability. Leading Indian management schools have, however, started offering entrepreneurship education only recently, motivated by the global success of Indian entrepreneurs. This article examines entrepreneurial intent and perceptions on entrepreneurship education of Indian management graduates through a field survey. The findings have been benchmarked with that of Sloan School graduates, an institution that is considered to be in the forefront of entrepreneurship education. Based on these observations, and through the lessons learnt from two decades of entrepreneurial education experience, the paper suggests key issues that must be considered for providing excellent entrepreneurship education in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable interest exists in understanding how people perceive and respond to entrepreneurs, more nominally referred to as implicit theories about entrepreneurship. A prominent aspect of people's implicit theories is gender, perhaps because it is based on readily visible and universal biological attributes. Building on social role theory, we examine gender stereotypes associated with entrepreneurs in two culturally different countries, namely USA and India. Our investigation focuses on perceptions about entrepreneurs in general as well as entrepreneurs in specific venture forms (high- and low-growth ventures, commercial and social ventures). Results offer two new insights regarding gender stereotypes about entrepreneurs. First, despite some similarities across the two countries, there are crucial cross-national differences in how entrepreneurs are perceived. Second, gender stereotypes about entrepreneurs are quite cohesive and coherent in the USA, but considerably more fragmented and disjointed in India. Overall, our research suggests that there is significant cross-national variation in gender-typing of entrepreneurship, which provides support for the position that implicit theories about entrepreneurs result from socio-economic circumstances and cultural conditions of the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empirical work on micro and small firms focuses on developed countries, while existing work on developing countries is all too often based on small samples taken from ad hoc questionnaires. The census data we analyze here are fairly representative of small business structure in India. Consistent with findings from prior research on developed countries, size and age have a negative impact on firm growth in the majority of specifications. Enterprises managed by women have lower expected growth rates. Proprietary firms face lower growth on the whole, especially if they are young firms. Exporting has a positive effect on firm growth, especially for young firms and for female-owned firms. Although some small firms are able to convert know-how into commercial success, we find that many others are unable to translate it into superior growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy changes owe its allegiance to both transactional and transformational styles of leadership of policy entrepreneurs; putting a question, which style brings better result. To do so, overall policy changes in India during NDA rule of 2014–2019 was taken into study scope, focusing only on political policy entrepreneurs. Multiple stream framework was used in this study. The qualitative data helped in designing the questionnaire, which consequently got filled by 158 respondents. The results established the positive and significant relationship of both the styles with policy changes. However, the transformational leadership behavior is more preferable to transactional in influencing policy changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encouraging women as entrepreneurs in the recent scenario are the government initiative over the globe. Some women started these small enterprises to support their living and their families, however, the commitments are minor and significant numbers of projects are probably not increasing in the long run. Thus, the current study aims to explore the factors contributing in motive behind female entrepreneurship to participate in the economic development as an effective entrepreneur by leading a successful business based on their specifics characteristics. Using factor analysis with the data of 80 female entrepreneurs, the study concluded that there are nine indicators that contribute significantly to become a successful entrepreneur. Therefore, the current study suggests that there must be a ceaseless effort to move, stimulate and coordinate with women entrepreneur while developing the policies to promote women in business meanwhile, women itself need to attempt and update themselves inside the changing over occasions by methods for adjusting the pristine time benefits. Women ought to be taught and talented persistently to assemble the capacities and information in the greater part of the viable districts of business administration. This will encourage women to exceed expectations in choice-making process and expand a decent business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an in-depth case study of GVK Emergency Management and Research Institute, an Indian public-private partnership (PPP), which successfully brought emergency medical response to remote and urban settings. Drawing insights from the case, we investigate how the organization established itself through institutional entrepreneurship using a process conceptualized as opportunity framing, entrenchment, and propagation. The case and context highlight the need for innovation in organizational design and governance modes to create a new opportunity that connects state actors, private healthcare providers, and the public at large. We consider the role of open innovation and novel business models in creating these service platforms. The implications of our findings for the literature on PPPs, institutional entrepreneurship, inclusive and open innovation, and organizational design in base of the pyramid contexts are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational transition from salaried to self-employment status is important in developed economies, but is even more critical in emerging economies, as individuals' occupational choices can drive economic development. Using data on 3,295 individuals from 23 administrative regions in India, we examine the effect of regional and geographic factors on actual and intended transition. We find that regional self-employment and unemployment rates are associated with a lower likelihood of past and future transitions, but that regional gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is only relevant for actual transitions. Further, urban/rural location moderates the effects of income ratios and regional GDP per capita. While we observe similarities between India and developed economies, there are intriguing differences, and new insights are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on the resource-based view of the firm, this study explores how firms entering into early internationalisation combine different resources to discover the international market opportunities. Based on an in-depth analysis of case studies of five knowledge-intensive firms from India, this study suggests that the differences in the extent of resources available and their combinations influence the early stage of the internationalisation process and pace of learning in the foreign markets. This study contributes to the existing research on international entrepreneurship by explaining how new international ventures overcome the challenges of internationalisation by wisely utilising a broad set of available and potential resources during their early internationalisation efforts and gradually shift the focus on the internalisation of resources. Moreover, this study suggests that the effects of the combination of resources vary across different ventures. A strong combination can increase internationalisation and minimise the risks of failure in new international ventures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China and India are touted as new entrepreneurship powerhouses. The two countries' different institutional history and characteristics have led to differences in environments related to entrepreneurship. There are some well-founded rationales as well as a number of misinformed and ill-guided viewpoints about the friendliness of the environment to support entrepreneurship in each country as well as the China-India differences concerning entrepreneurial environment. This article contributes to this debate by offering theoretical and empirical evidence regarding the differences in regulative institutions in the two economies. Specifically, we compare the state's regulative, participative, and supportive roles from the standpoint of entrepreneurship in the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between entrepreneurship and ethics has largely been characterized as antithetical. In this article we develop a conceptual model integrating pragmatism, a philosophical approach that emphasizes experimentation and action characteristic of entrepreneurial leadership, with ethics to suggest that the two are not incompatible and that sustaining entrepreneurial leadership for value creation necessitates ethical action to build legitimacy. Case studies from the United States and India highlight the necessity of infusing pragmatism with ethics for sustainable entrepreneurial leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]