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Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a severe genetic neuromuscular disorder that occurs in childhood and is caused by misexpression of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. SMN reduction induces spinal cord motoneuron (MN) degeneration, which leads to progressive muscular atrophy and weakness. The link between SMN deficiency and the molecular mechanisms altered in SMA cells remains unclear. Autophagy, deregulation of intracellular survival pathways and ERK hyperphosphorylation may contribute to SMN-reduced MNs collapse, offering a useful strategy to develop new therapies to prevent neurodegeneration in SMA. Using SMA MN in vitro models, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/Akt and ERK MAPK pathways on SMN and autophagy markers modulation was studied by western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Experiments involved primary cultures of mouse SMA spinal cord MNs and differentiated SMA human MNs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and the ERK MAPK pathways reduced SMN protein and mRNA levels. Importantly, mTOR phosphorylation, p62, and LC3-II autophagy markers protein level were decreased after ERK MAPK pharmacological inhibition. Furthermore, the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA prevented ERK hyperphosphorylation in SMA cells. Our results propose a link between intracellular calcium, signaling pathways, and autophagy in SMA MNs, suggesting that ERK hyperphosphorylation may contribute to autophagy deregulation in SMN-reduced MNs. This work was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI20/00098 y cofinanciado por la Unión Europea; Fundació La Marató TV3 (202005-30); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación /FEDER (grant number: PID2021-122785OB-I00), and CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. AG is a Serra Hunter Fellow from Generalitat de Catalunya, AS and MB hold Biomedical Research Talent grant from Diputació de Lleida-IRBLleida, FCN and MPM hold a fellow from the Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR (Programa INVESTIGO 2022 finançat per la Unió Europea, Next Generation EU and Ajuts per a la contractació de personal investigador predoctoral en formació, finançat per Fons Social Europeu, FSE Inverteix en el teu futur).