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Addresses the finding in the literature on computerized psychological tests that suggests a link between computer aversion and the measurement of negative affect. Computerized psychological assessment as growing practice in mental health; Dearth of equivalence studies that consider computer aversion's potential impact on negative affect tests.

Are interpersonal comparisons of desire possible? Can we give an account of how facts about desires are grounded that underpins such comparisons? This paper supposes the answer to the first question is yes, and provides an account of the nature of desire that explains how this is so. The account is a modification of the interpretationist metaphysics of representation that the author has recently been developing. The modification is to allow phenomenological affective valence into the "base facts" on which correct interpretation is grounded. To use this extra resource within that theory to vindicate interpersonal comparisons, we will need to appeal rational connections between level of valence and level of desire, which this paper sets out and examines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the intersection between affect, emotion, social imaginaries, and institutions through the lens of epistemic power in the academy. It argues that attending to this intersection is critical for a fuller understanding of how affective and emotional dynamics can assist to entrench, but also disrupt, asymmetries of epistemic privilege that cut across lines of race, sex, and other markers of social difference. As part of this discussion the paper reflects on the possibility of intervening in dominant social imaginaries that become sedimented in the routine operations of the modern university, and which produce affective ecologies that sustain epistemic exclusions within academic institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of picturebooks on children's physical literacy (PL). Fostering PL in early childhood can promote a physically active lifestyle in children and later adults. Picturebook use is a great opportunity for movement exploration in physical education classes, and recent research findings suggest that the joint use of read-aloud picturebooks and movement activities can enhance children's motor, cognitive, and affective development. Thus, following the research evidence and the emerging importance of PL, in this paper we provide suggestions and support for the effective use of picturebooks as a tool to cultivate PL in early childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The capacity to aspire for young people is significant, as they cannot choose to be what they cannot experience or imagine becoming. Student exchange programmes that expand experiences of STEM may increase opportunities, interests, and participation for rural young people in the STEM subject field. This paper creates a cartography with data created from self-reported Year 10 students' affective responses to experiences undergone during a three-week rural exchange (RE) programme. Students reported increased feelings of belonging to both school and STEM subjects during and after participating in the RE programme. The data created with students during this study provided a deep insight into the positive affective impact of the experiences undergone. Students' increased aspirations and motivation to continue in STEM fields were reported as sustained on return to their home rural school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past years, a digital multimedia uprising has been experienced in every walk of life, due to which the un-annotated or unstructured multimedia content has always been a key issue for research. The multimedia content is usually created with some intended emotions, which the creator wants to induce in viewers. The affectiveness of the multimedia content can be measured by analyzing elicited emotions of its viewers. In this paper, we present a rigorous study of human cognition using EEG signals while watching a video, to analyze the affectiveness of video content. The analysis presented in this paper is done to establish an effective relationship between video content and the human emotional state. For this, the most effective scalp location and frequency ranges are identified for two categories of videos, i.e., excited and sad. Furthermore, a common affective response (CAR) is extracted for finding the distinguishable features for aforementioned categories of videos. The CAR is calculated and tested on the publicly available dataset "AMIGOS," and the results presented here show the utility of cognitive features on extracted scalp locations and frequency ranges for automatic tagging of video content. The current research explores the innovative applicability of neuro-signals for a mouse-free video tagging based on human excitement level to augment a range of brain–computer interface (BCI)-based devices. It can further aid to automatically retrieve the video content which is exciting and interesting to human viewers. With this analysis, we aimed to provide a thorough analysis which can be used to customize a low-cost and mobile EEG system for automatic analysis and retrieval of videos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) for musculoskeletal ailments is growing. WBC, involving brief exposure to extremely low temperatures, is increasingly used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The paper examines the physiological impacts of WBC on cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, hematologic, hormonal, and metabolic systems. Specific orthopaedic applications discussed include its role in the management of fractures, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, osteomyelitis, adhesive capsulitis, tendinopathies, rheumatic pathologies, chronic pain syndromes, and fibromyalgia. The study also highlights the benefits and drawbacks of WBC, including its potential to improve athletic performance, recovery, mood, and well-being, while noting risks like frostbite and impaired muscle strength. Clinical evidence from various studies is evaluated, revealing a spectrum of outcomes. For instance, WBC shows promise in enhancing bone health in athletes and providing relief in osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia patients. However, evidence for its efficacy in conditions like chronic pain syndromes and osteomyelitis is less robust. The paper underscores the need for further research to establish standardised protocols and understand long-term effects. While WBC offers significant benefits in orthopaedics, understanding its limitations and potential risks is crucial for its safe and effective clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizens' daily appeals are generally accompanied by negative sentiment, yet little is known about the impact of negative emotions on official response behaviors in a closed online environment. This study analyzed over 2.6 million environmental appeals and their handling records from China's closed complaint platform to explore how individual negative emotions affect department response behaviors. The results showed that negative emotions could cause departments to respond more rapidly and decrease the likelihood of the citizens receiving department assistance. Whether the appeal can be handled efficiently also depends on the oversight of the department and the respondent's implementation. Negative emotion towards the department is more likely to lead to a failed handling of the appeal. In addition, when citizens face serious hazards, such as health risks, negative emotions are understandable. Negative emotional appeals concerning health risks receive more time and effective intervention by departments. This paper sheds light on the role of negative emotions in shaping feedback and provides suggestions for improving individual appeal expression and departmental response behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the aim is to explore how there can be a role for expression of affect in illocution, drawing upon some ideas about expression put forward by Karl Bühler. In a first part of the paper, I map some active discussions and open questions surrounding phenomena that seem to involve "expression of affect". Second, I home in on a smaller piece of that larger puzzle; namely, a consideration of how there may be non-conventional expression of affect. I provide some examples of what I take that to involve and set out some premises for approaching it. In a third section, I motivate such an interest by pointing to a question in speech act theory concerning 'force conventionalism'. This is whether and how illocution can be performed non-conventionally—that is, whether (at least some) utterances can be communicated with illocutionary force without need of convention. I propose that where expression of affect may occur non-conventionally, it may in turn constitute one important route through which at least some kinds of illocution are achieved. In the fourth part of the paper, I sketch an account of such non-conventional expression of affect for the purposes of illocution, by exploring a broadly Bühlerian account of some affects; namely, that some affects are teleological in character, that coordinations may be involved in their satisfactional states, and that uptake of the expressed affect constitutes one subset of such satisfactional states. That exposition points to the contemporary relevance of the "action theory of expression" proposed by Bühler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After introducing some of the many issues raised by intergenerational justice, the paper will focus in particular on the motivational problem: Why should we be motivated to act in favor of others when sacrifices on our behalf are required? And more specifically, how can such sacrifices be justified when those we act for are neither born nor easily unidentifiable? While many accounts of moral motivation exist, most scholars will grant that emotional engagement is a strong motivational drive. Hence, the paper will focus on such a drive. I will, first, argue that immediate emotions and empathy – understood uniquely as a form of emotional attunement – are insufficient to grant that the acts they motivate are morally acceptable. The case of future generations is a perfect example of such insufficiency. Second, I will discuss the possibility of regulated emotions and sympathy playing such a role. In fact, by regulating and educating emotions, a conscious or "rational" component is added, which could help avoid the biases and limitations immediate affective phenomena show. Such a "rational" component would also enable us to provide a criterion to distinguish cases in which emotions drive us in morally acceptable or unacceptable directions. In the second part of the paper, the sentimentalist tradition will be reconsidered, with particular attention to Adam Smith's moral proposal – since the sympathetic engagement of an impartial spectator could be an excellent example of a regulated and educated emotional attunement of the kind required to deal with some of the many moral issues future generations raise and, in particular, with the motivational problem itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular Automata have successfully been successfully applied to the modeling and simulation of pedestrian and crowd dynamics. In particular, the investigated scenarios have often been focused on the evaluation of medium–high population density situations, in which the motivation of pedestrians to reach a certain location overcomes their tendency to naturally respect proxemic distances. The global COVID-19 outbreak, though, has shown that sometimes it is crucial to contemplate how proxemic tendencies are emphasized and amplified by the affective state of the individuals involved in the scenario, representing an important factor to take into consideration when investigating the behaviour of a crowd. In this paper we present a research effort aimed at integrating results of quantitative analyses regarding the effects of affective states on the perception of distances maintained by different types of pedestrians with the modeling of pedestrian movement choices in a cellular automata framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As social media has become a ubiquitous part of daily life, researchers made a great progress in identifying the emotion in user-generated texts. However, it is a challenging task as people express their emotion in explicit and implicit ways. This paper focuses on the problem of identifying sentiments from implicit sentences which contain no emotional word or phrase. Most of the existing sentiment classification models cannot identify the sentiments accurately since they usually focus on extracting features from grammatical information without taking contextual information into account. In this paper, we argue that the contextual information is the key to identify sentiments in implicit sentences. Moreover, multiple features extracting from different aspects should be taken into account to improve sentiment identification. This paper proposes a multi-feature neural network model considering three aspects: contextual information, syntactic information and semantic information. To better get the semantic information of the sentence, we propose an attention mechanism based on contextual affective space. The experimental results on the SMP2019-ECISA dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms the previous systems and strong neural baselines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the increasing use of robots in a variety of applications, little is known about the emotional responses humans experience when a robot or a human commits a trust violation. The current paper compares the affective responses of humans paired with either a human or a robot confederate who committed trust violations. Additionally, the current paper utilizes new manipulations in the literature to experimentally manipulate the type of trust violation, namely ability, benevolence, and integrity violations. As expected, when a robot committed an ability violation participants' positive affect decreased more than if the violation was performed by a human. When an integrity or benevolence violation occurred, participants had a greater decrease in positive affect when a human performed the violations than when a robot violated trust. Overall, participants experienced more negative affect with a human partner than a robot partner. Also, ability violations had stronger effects on negative affect than integrity violations. Results indicate humans do have different affective responses when trust is violated, depending on the type of violation as well as the partner performing the violation. Implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last seven years, philosophers have discussed the topic of transformative experiences. In this paper, we contribute to a crucial issue that is currently under-researched: transformative experiences' influence on cognitive modelling. We argue that cognitive modelling can be operationalized as affective forecasting, and we compare transformative and non-transformative experiences with respect to the ability of affective forecasting. Our finding is that decision-makers' performance in cognitively modelling transformative experiences does not systematically differ from decision-makers' performance in cognitively modelling non-transformative experiences. This claim stands in strict opposition to L.A. Paul's main argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts to spark the dialogue between affective neuroscience and psychotherapy are underway. A biopsychosocial and contextual approach may work as a framework to integrate environmental and genetic pressures regarding neurobiology, affective experiences, and interpersonal motivations. Contemporary conceptual and empirical findings suggest that underlying primary emotional brain processes may be several affective neurobiological systems (e.g., SEEKING/desire system or DISTRESS/separation system) associated with the human affective experience. Also, is suggested that it is through internal narrative processes that experience-based reflections lead to the higher-order symbolic meaning of specific life themes. Several theoretical models and psychotherapeutic approaches describe emotional needs and interpersonal motivational systems as essential to psychological well-being and mental health. Despite conceptual similarities between these constructs, theoretical approximations of emotional needs, interpersonal motivational systems and life themes are still lacking. Thus, a clear rationale for the underlying neural basis for emotional needs has not been made. In this sense, the present paper aims to make a brief theoretical approximation between neurobiology, needs, motivations and life themes. Several theoretical considerations are described along with empirical directions and future proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does negative affect help or hinder voice behavior? Research is increasingly highlighting the more complex effects of negative affect and we propose that its relationship with voice is similarly multifaceted. Drawing from activation theory, this paper argues that the relationship between negative affect and voice behavior is an inverted U-shape. Three studies are designed to test our hypotheses. At the between-person level, Studies 1 and 3 use employee-supervisor matched dyads (N = 209; N = 150; respectively) at two different time points. Study 2 collects 217 daily data points from 58 participants and tests the inverted U-shaped hypothesis at the within-person level. Findings from these studies provide support for our hypotheses that voice behavior is highest when employees experience moderate-level negative affect but that extremely high and low levels of negative affect hinder voice behavior. In study 3 we also found that the inverted U-shaped relationship between negative affect and voice behavior is only prominent when the need for change is higher. Our findings have implications in revealing the complex nature of negative affect in determining voice behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Current models of loneliness emphasise the role of maladaptive cognitions in causing and/or maintaining loneliness. However, standardised paradigms to experimentally examine the role of maladaptive cognition in loneliness are lacking, making it difficult to establish causality. This paper tested a mock online chat paradigm designed to induce changes in negative affect (loneliness, depression, and anxiety), and strength of belief in lonely thoughts, by manipulating comparative and normative fit. Methods: Participants (N = 59) were randomised into either the loneliness arm (i.e., loneliness induction chat followed by a social connectedness induction chat), or the social connectedness arm (i.e., two separate social connectedness induction chats), and subsequently completed outcome measures. Results: The experimental paradigm significantly and specifically increased lonely affect; however, this was associated with non-significant changes in strength of belief in lonely thoughts. The social connectedness induction chat led to significant reductions in broad negative affect for both groups, with these effects accruing across chats for participants in the social connectedness arm. Conclusion: Experimentally manipulating comparative and normative fit to either emphasise differences or similarities between an individual and group members is an effective paradigm for increasing lonely affect or decreasing general negative affect, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affects and all its variants (affection, allure, affective force, etc.) represent our via regia to be alive and connected with our life-world. It is not the ego that constitutes the world we live in but the affections that allow us to become respectively objects of our life and subjects of our own choices. Affects are in fact main triggers of lower and higher feelings through which we become subjects and experience empathy with other people, intersubjectively connecting with them and making ethical choices that are hopefully considerate of ourselves and our community. Yet it might happen that our feelings are not capable of truly feeling what we are affected by. When this happens, what affects us remains with us but cannot be felt and accordingly processed. In this paper, I will first work on the term affect and its variants. I will then describe how this connects with feelings. To finally analyze what happens when we are not capable of feeling our affects as in the case of alexithymia; or when we feel our affects too much as in the case of BPD; or when we do not want to feel certain affects as in the case of NPD. The main conceptual reference of this analysis will be Husserl and his static and genetic phenomenology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematics anxiety, an emotional state resulting in negative responses to math problems and numerical information, has been extensively studied in educational psychology. Research on the impact of math anxiety on consumer purchase decisions, however, is still in its nascent stages. This paper examines the interaction between math anxiety and different promotion framing formats on consumers' perceived savings, price acceptability, and purchase decisions. Across two studies, we demonstrate that consumers with varying levels of math anxiety respond differently to various promotion frames: a gain versus a reduced loss and a single discount versus multiple discounts. We further show that consumers with insufficient math ability may experience negative affect and heighten math anxiety, particularly when faced with numerical and arithmetic tasks commonly encountered while shopping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we look at installation art through the lens provided by the notion of "affective artifact" (Piredda 2019). We argue that affective character is central to some works of installation art and that some of those works can expand our knowledge of our affective lives, while others can contribute to the construction of our identities. Sections (2), (3), and (4) set the stage for our discussion of affective installation artworks by, respectively, situating it within the debate on affective artifacts, looking at some general issues concerning the affective character of artworks, and sketching out a view of the ontology of installation art. In section (5), we discuss the affective character of six works of installation art. In section (6), we show how those artworks can reveal aspects of who we are. Section (7) concludes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empathizing with others is thought to be a useful, if not necessary, skill for a wise person to possess. Beyond this general conceptual assonance, however, there have been few systematic attempts to conceptualize this relationship. This paper aims to address this issue by investigating what role empathy is said to play in phronesis and whether there is a legitimate place for it in Aristotelian (or neo-Aristotelian) accounts of practical wisdom. First, after a brief overview of Aristotle's account of phronesis, I will try to define three different ways in which empathy is thought to contribute to it according to the existing literature, based on a conceptual distinction between affective empathy, cognitive empathy, and sympathy. Second, I will ask whether empathy is the best conceptual candidate for Aristotle's account of phronesis and, more generally, whether the wise person should always rely on empathy in order to deliberate and act well. My tentative answer will be that empathy does not seem to be perfectly compatible with the concept of phronesis, nor is it its best ally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we argue that the affective experience that permeates the employment of Assistive Technology (AT) in special needs education is crucial for the integration of AT. "AT integration" generally means the fluid and automatic employment of AT for fulfilling certain tasks. Pritchard et al. (2021) have proposed a more specific conceptualisation of AT integration by saying that AT is integrated when it is part of the user's cognitive character. By discussing their proposal, we argue that the user's affective experience is crucial for AT integration. To better appreciate the relevance of the affective experience in AT integration, we suggest shifting the perspective from the functionalist extended cognition framework, as Pritchard et al. (2021) propose, to affective scaffoldings. In doing so we focus on the feeling of agency as the key experience to consider for understanding what AT does to the agent. We will put forth the hermeneutical tool of "phenomenal transformation" to explain how and why AT as an affective scaffolding can support the fundamental "I can" of the experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In what way might public statues wrong people? In recent years, philosophers have drawn on speech act theory to answer this question by arguing that statues constitute harmful or disrespectful forms of speech. My aim in this paper will be add a different theoretical perspective to this discussion. I will argue that while the speech act approach provides a useful starting point for thinking about what is wrong with public statues, we can get a fuller understanding of these wrongs by drawing on resources from recent work in situated affectivity. I will argue that public statues can be understood as affective artifacts and that this can both help us understand both the deep affective wrongs caused by public statues and offer a possible explanation as to why some people are so strongly opposed to their removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary and emerging chatbots can be fine-tuned to imitate the style, tenor, and knowledge of a corpus, including the corpus of a particular individual. This makes it possible to build chatbots that imitate people who are no longer alive — deathbots. Such deathbots can be used in many ways, but one prominent way is to facilitate the process of grieving. In this paper, we present a framework that helps make sense of this process. In particular, we argue that deathbots can serve as affective scaffolds, modulating and shaping the emotions of the bereaved. We contextualize this affective scaffolding by comparing it to earlier technologies that have also been used to scaffold the process of grieving, arguing that deathbots offer some interesting novelties that may transform the continuing bonds of intimacy that the bereaved can have with the dead. We conclude with some ethical reflections on the promises and perils of this new technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While much interdisciplinarity brings together proximate fields, broad interdisciplinarity sees integration between disciplines that are perceived to be non-neighboring. This paper argues that the heterogeneity among disciplines in broad interdisciplinarity calls for stricter epistemic norms of testimony for experts that act as translators between the disciplines than those suggested for intra-scientific testimony. The paper is structured around two case studies: the affective turn in social theorizing and the use of quantum mechanics in critical theory as exemplified by Vicky Kirby's use of work by Karen Barad. These are argued to be instances of broad interdisciplinary borrowing where few translators have joint expertise in both disciplines. For most, therefore, the engagement with for instance the integration between quantum mechanics and critical theory is possible only by the aid of translators. For those without sufficient interactional expertise, however, the epistemic credentials of the translations they inevitably rely upon are inscrutable. Furthermore, any comparison between translations is challenged since translations are argued to be few due to the cognitive divergence between disciplines in broad interdisciplinarity. Consequently, the epistemic integrity of broad interdisciplinarity can only be secured through additional norms of testimony for translators. The paper proposes that (a) all translator's testimony in broad interdisciplinarity must aim to be neutral with respect to disputed issues within the relevant disciplines and (b) any deviation from (a) must be clearly highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affect state of a person has an impact on the intellectual processes that control human behavior. Experiencing negative affect escalates mental problems, and experiencing positive affect states improve imaginative reasoning and thereby enhances one's behavior and discipline. Hence, this work centers around affect acknowledgment from typing-based context data during the pandemic. In this paper, we present a novel sensing scheme that perceives one's affect state from their unique contexts. We also aim to study how affect states vary in smartphone users during the pandemic. We collected data from 52 participants over 2 months with an Android application. We exploited the Circumplex Model of Affect (CMA) to infer 25 affect states, leveraging built-in motion and touch sensors on smartphones. We conducted comprehensive experiments by developing machine learning models to predict 25 states. Through our study, we observe that the states of users are heavily pertinent to one's typing and motion contexts. A thorough evaluation shows that affect prediction model yields an F1-score of 0.90 utilizing diverse contexts. To the best of our knowledge, our work predicts the highest number of affect states (25 states) with better performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tests whether changes in spiritual wellbeing were correlated with self-rated changes in mental and physical health after controlling for changes in psychological wellbeing in a sample from the Church of England taken during the third national COVID-19 lockdown in 2021. During the third lockdown in England an online survey, named Covid-19 and Church-21, was delivered through the Qualtrics XM platform from 22 January to 23 July 2021. The responses included 1878 Anglicans living in England. The change in spiritual wellbeing scale was produced using self-reported changes in the frequency of key spiritual practices (prayer and Bible reading), trust in God, the quality of spiritual life, and spiritual health. Changes in mental and physical health were assessed using single self-report items. Changes in psychological wellbeing were assessed using the Index of Balanced Affect Change (TIBACh). After controlling for changes in psychological wellbeing, better change in spiritual wellbeing was positively correlated with better change in both mental and physical health. Negative affect may have mediated the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and both mental and physical health, and positive affect may also have mediated the relationship with mental health. The results suggest changes in spiritual wellbeing, as defined within a Christian religious context, may have had positive effects in promoting better mental and physical health during a sudden crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study provides an affective norm collected from older adults for 1,050 Chinese words that are closely related to the typical life scenes commonly encountered by older adults. Data were collected for key affective dimensions of valence and arousal using the method of adapted Self-Assessment Manikin (Bradley & Lang, 1994) in a paper-and-pencil procedure. The results showed that the current database (ANCO) was of high reliability and validity. Valence and arousal were in an asymmetrically quadratic relationship in the valence-by-arousal space; i.e., older adults rated negative words as the highest arousing, followed by positive and neutral words. In addition, by comparing affective ratings of the shared words between the present norm collected from older Chinese adults and previous norms collected from young Chinese adults (Wang et al., 2008; Yao et al., 2017; Yu et al., 2016), we found that compared with young adults, older ones perceived negative words as more negative and more arousing, and perceived positive words as more positive and less arousing. ANCO can serve as a valuable source of information for age-related affective research and help explicate the effects of emotion on linguistic and cognitive processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Profit-oriented service sectors such as tourism, hospitality, and entertainment are increasingly looking at how professional service robots can be integrated into the workplace to perform socio-cognitive tasks that were previously reserved for humans. This is a work in which social and labor sciences recognize the principle role of emotions. However, the models and narratives of emotions that drive research, design, and deployment of service robots in human–robot interaction differ considerably from how emotions are framed in the sociology of labor and feminist studies of service work. In this paper, we explore these tensions through the concepts of affective and emotional labor, and outline key insights these concepts offer for the design and evaluation of professional service robots. Taken together, an emphasis on interactionist approaches to emotions and on the demands of affective labor, leads us to argue that service employees are under-represented in existing studies in human–robot interaction. To address this, we outline how participatory design and value-sensitive design approaches can be applied as complimentary methodological frameworks that include service employees as vital stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The concept of physical literacy has received increased research and international attention recently. Where intervention programs and empirical research are gaining momentum, their operationalizations differ significantly.Objective: The objective of this study was to inform practice in the measure/assessment of physical literacy via a systematic review of research that has assessed physical literacy (up to 14 June, 2017).Methods: Five databases were searched using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols guidelines, with 32 published articles meeting the inclusion criteria. English-language, peer-reviewed published papers containing empirical studies of physical literacy were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.Results: Qualitative methods included: (1) interviews; (2) open-ended questionnaires; (3) reflective diaries; (4) focus groups; (5) participant observations; and (6) visual methods. Quantitative methods included: (1) monitoring devices (e.g., accelerometers); (2) observations (e.g., of physical activity or motor proficiency); (3) psychometrics (e.g., enjoyment, self-perceptions); (4) performance measures (e.g., exergaming, objective times/distances); (5) anthropometric measurements; and (6) one compound measure. Of the measures that made an explicit distinction: 22 (61%) examined the physical domain, eight (22%) the affective domain; five (14%) the cognitive domain; and one (3%) combined three domains (physical, affective, and cognitive) of physical literacy. Researchers tended to declare their philosophical standpoint significantly more in qualitative research compared with quantitative research.Conclusions: Current research adopts diverse often incompatible methodologies in measuring/assessing physical literacy. Our analysis revealed that by adopting simplistic and linear methods, physical literacy cannot be measured/assessed in a traditional/conventional sense. Therefore, we recommend that researchers are more creative in developing integrated philosophically aligned approaches to measuring/assessing physical literacy. Future research should consider the most recent developments in the field of physical literacy for policy formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper outlines a model of the basic cognitive process of the constitution of experience - the Affective Pertinentization Model (APER). The constitution of experience is intended as the basic cognitive process underpinning the meaning-maker's experience of mental representations as self-contained, stable, substantive entities standing for something in the external reality. Framed within the general family of theories highlighting the embodiment of cognition, the APER model claims that affects are the basic mechanism at the basis of the constitution of human experience. The first part of the paper outlines the APER model; the second part reviews some preliminary evidence supporting it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most past research on positive affect and emotion has focused exclusively on high-arousal positive affect (HAPA: e.g., excited), however, low-arousal positive affect (LAPA: e.g., calm) increasingly is included in emotion research. As such, there is a need to synthesize knowledge about the similarities and differences between LAPA and HAPA, the operationalization of LAPA and HAPA, and the distinct characteristics and importance of LAPA within emotional life. A systematic search identified 226 research papers comparing LAPA with HAPA from a broad spectrum of research topics; this review provides a narrative summary of their findings. Indications of differences between LAPA and HAPA were found in 89% of comparisons, with LAPA having a consistently distinguishable relationship to variables such as brain activity, cardiovascular health, decision-making, memory, mindfulness, personality, and solitude, among others. Other notable aspects of LAPA were found, including its role in stress, work, positive sociality, and well-being, as well as its importance in older adults and women. An analysis of items used to measure LAPA and HAPA revealed nuanced differences in conceptualizations, as well as emerging consensus around specific item usage. While considering item use in light of approach-avoidance motivation, we identified three possible LAPA subtypes: calm (a steady state of neither approach nor avoidance), satisfaction (having successfully approached), and relief (having successfully avoided). This review clarifies LAPA's role in affective life, underscoring that LAPA's differences from HAPA should be considered in research involving positive affect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher education is facing increasing calls to engage in a process of intellectual decolonisation. This process necessitates that we take time to consider both the content of our curriculum and the pedagogic practices used to facilitate its understanding. Drawing on discussions of both intellectual decolonisation and its underpinning principles of epistemic justice, I consider the implications of these ideas for the threshold concept framework. These implications are likely to relate to both the identification of potential future threshold concepts and the experience of engaging with them. As threshold scholars, we may need to reconsider our ideas about who the experts are within a discipline or practice in our efforts to identify candidate threshold concepts and consider alternative sources of evidence in support of this. In addition, we need to reflect on how the learning experiences that arise as a result of encounters with thresholds that have emerged as a result of the privileging of knowledge and ways of knowing from the 'global north' might serve as a source of epistemic trouble to learners from the 'global south'. Such learning experiences are likely to be highly emotive and represent a significant source of troublesome learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most existing aspect sentiment triplet extraction models emphasize the adoption of novel tagging scheme to jointly extract three elements of sentiment triplets, but they overlook the intrinsic information of individual words, including the implicit relationships between words, which results in the inaccurate triplet extraction. In this paper, we propose a novel method named Affective Commonsense Knowledge Enhanced Dependency Graph, which considers the sentiment information contained in each word and the relative positional distance relationships between them. Specifically, a dependency graph is generated, incorporating the sentiment information obtained through an external knowledge base called SenticNet. This dependency graph is integrated into a multi-layer graph convolutional network to enhance the sentiment dependency relationships between words. Additionally, an attention mechanism with relative position embeddings is utilized to acquire word representations which incorporate contextual and syntactic information. Furthermore, an Expanded Grid Tagging Scheme is employed to provide more accurate description of the relationships between words. In terms of the F1 metric, on the four SemEval datasets, 14res, 14lap, 15res, and 16res, our model improvements were 1.64, 1.66, 2.01, and 2.56 when compared to the baselines, respectively. On the four datasets of ASTE-Data-V2, our model improvements were 0.41, 1.03, 1.12, and 0.34, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affective states are psycho-physiological constructs connecting mental and physiological processes. They can be represented in terms of arousal and valence according to the Russel's model and can be extracted from physiological changes in human body. However, a well-established optimal feature set and a classification method effective in terms of accuracy and estimation time are not present in the literature. This paper aims at defining a reliable and efficient approach for real-time affective state estimation. To obtain this, the optimal physiological feature set and the most effective machine learning algorithm, to cope with binary as well as multi-class classification problems, were identified. ReliefF feature selection algorithm was implemented to define a reduced optimal feature set. Supervised learning algorithms, such as K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), cubic and gaussian Support Vector Machine, and Linear Discriminant Analysis, were implemented to compare their effectiveness in affective state estimation. The developed approach was tested on physiological signals acquired on 20 healthy volunteers during the administration of images, belonging to the International Affective Picture System, conceived for inducing different affective states. ReliefF algorithm reduced the number of physiological features from 23 to 13. The performances of machine learning algorithms were compared and the experimental results showed that both accuracy and estimation time benefited from the optimal feature set use. Furthermore, the KNN algorithm resulted to be the most suitable for affective state estimation. The results of the assessment of arousal and valence states on 20 participants indicate that KNN classifier, adopted with the 13 identified optimal features, is the most effective approach for real-time affective state estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research has framed emotion regulation as resource-depleting and has primarily focused on strategies that avoid feelings. In this paper, we present an alternative view that emotion regulation can generate resources, and we investigate amplification of positive emotions, a potential resource-generating strategy. In study 1, using a field design, we demonstrate that amplification of positive emotion is positively related to employee psychological resources. Furthermore, we show that amplification of positive emotion may reduce absenteeism. In study 2, using a longitudinal lab design, we demonstrate that amplification of positive emotions predicts changes in employee psychological resources over time and does so above and beyond positive affect. We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings for emotion researchers, the practical applications of our findings for managers, and areas that require future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a familiar feature of our affective psychology that our moods 'crystalize' into emotions, and that our emotions 'diffuse' into moods. Providing a detailed philosophical account of these affective shifts, as I will call them, is the central aim of this paper. Drawing on contemporary philosophy of emotion and mood, alongside distinctive ideas from the phenomenologically-inspired writer Robert Musil, a broadly 'intentional' and 'evaluativist' account will be defended. I argue that we do best to understand important features of these affective shifts–which I document across this paper–in terms of intentional and evaluative aspects of the respective states of moods and emotion. At same the time, the account is pitched at the phenomenological level, as dealing with affective shifts primarily in terms of moods and emotions as experiential states, with respect to which it feels-like-something to be undergoing the relevant affective experience. The paper also applies the intentional-evaluative model of affective shifts to anxiety in more detail, developing the idea that certain patterns of affective shift, particularly those that allow for a kind of 'emotional release', can contribute to a subject's well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Personality is a critical predictor of the depression levels of adolescents, and neurotic individuals have more severe depressive symptoms than their counterparts. Thus, it is necessary to increase our knowledge about the influencing mechanism of neuroticism on depression. The mediating variables of negative cognitive bias and negative affect were examined in this paper; the examination revealed that neuroticism leads to depression by affecting the aspects of cognition and affect and providing a more comprehensive theoretical basis for depression research in adolescents. Method: In this study, the Beck Depression Invention, the Negative Cognitive Bias Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Neuroticism Questionnaire were used to evaluate the depression level, negative cognitive bias, negative affect and neuroticism of college students. The 1035 participants were undergraduate students from 3 universities across the Guangdong Province of China, specifically, 371 male students (35.8%) and 664 female students (64.2%). The students' ages ranged from 17 to 22 years old, with an average age of 19.54 ± 2.08. Result: (1) Neuroticism was positively correlated with the level of depression (γ =0.594, P < 0.05), which indicates that neuroticism has a positive predictive effect on the level of depression. (2) Neuroticism was positively correlated with negative cognitive bias (γ =0.715, P < 0.05), which indicates that neuroticism has a positive predictive effect on negative cognitive bias. Negative cognitive bias was positively correlated with the level of depression (γ =0.314, P < 0.05), which indicates that negative cognitive bias has a positive predictive effect on the level of depression. According to the mediating effect analysis, the mediating effect of negative cognitive bias between neuroticism and depression was statistically significant, and the mediating effect was 0.262. Negative cognitive bias played a mediating role between neuroticism and depression in college students. (3) Neuroticism was positively correlated with negative affect (γ =0.703, P < 0.05), which indicated that neuroticism has a positive predictive effect on negative affect. Negative affect was positively correlated with depression level (γ =0.307, P < 0.05), which indicated that negative affect has a positive predictive effect on depression level. According to the analysis of the mediating effect, the mediating effect of negative affect between neuroticism and depression level of college students was statistically significant, and the mediating effect was 0.307. Negative affect plays a mediating role between neuroticism and depression levels in college students. Conclusion: (1) Neuroticism has a direct positive predictive effect on college students' depression level, (2) negative cognitive bias plays a mediating role between neuroticism and depression level of college students, and (3) negative affect plays a mediating role between neuroticism and depression level of college students. Therefore, negative cognitive bias and negative affect play multiple mediating roles between neuroticism and depression levels in college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is one of the front-line research areas. For a machine, inferring SER is difficult because emotions are subjective and annotation is challenging. Nevertheless, researchers feel that SER is possible because speech is quasi-stationery and emotions are declarative finite states. This paper is about emotion classification by using Complex Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (c-MFCC) as the representative trait and a deep sequential model as a classifier. The experimental setup is speaker independent and accommodates marginal variations in the underlying phonemes. Testing for this work has been carried out on RAVDESS and TESS databases. Conceptually, the proposed model is erogenous towards prosody observance. The main contributions of this work are of two-folds. Firstly, introducing conception of c-MFCC and investigating it as a robust cue of emotion and there by leading to significant improvement in accuracy performance. Secondly, establishing correlation between MFCC based accuracy and Russell's emotional circumplex pattern. As per the Russell's 2D emotion circumplex model, emotional signals are combinations of several psychological dimensions though perceived as discrete categories. Results of this work are outcome from a deep sequential LSTM model. Proposed c-MFCC are found to be more robust to handle signal framing, informative in terms of spectral roll off, and therefore put forward as an input to the classifier. For RAVDESS database the best accuracy achieved is 78.8% for fourteen classes, which subsequently improved to 91.6% for gender integrated eight classes and 98.5% for affective separated six classes. Though, the RAVDESS dataset has two analogous sentences revealed results are for the complete dataset and without applying any phonetic separation of the samples. Thus, proposed method appears to be semi-commutative on phonemes. Results obtained from this study are presented and discussed in forms of confusion matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes an investigation of student perceptions of the cognitive and affective capabilities of four robots that have a decreasing degree of morphological human likeness. We showed and illustrated the robots (i.e., InMoov, Padbot, Joy Robot and Turtlebot) to 62 students. After showing the students each of these robots, and explaining their main features and capabilities, we administered a fill-in questionnaire to the students. Our main hypothesis was that the perception of a robot's cognitive and affective capabilities varied in correspondence with their appearance and in particular with their different degree of human likeness. The main results of this study indicate that the scores attributed to the cognitive and emotional capabilities of these robots are not modulated correspondingly to their different morphological similarity to humans. Furthermore, overall, the scores given to all of these robots regarding their ability to explicate mental functions are low, and even lower scores are given to their ability to feel emotions. There is a split between InMoov, the robot which has the highest degree of human likeness, and all of the others. Our results also indicate that: (1) morphological similarity of a robot to humans is not perceived automatically as such by observers, which is not considered a value in itself for the robot; and (2) even at lower levels of robot–human likeness, an uncanny valley effect arises but is quite mitigated by curiosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does doubt come about? What are the mechanisms responsible for our inclinations to reassess propositions and collect further evidence to support or reject them? In this paper, I approach this question by focusing on what might be considered a distorting mirror of unreasonable doubt, namely the pathological doubt of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Individuals with OCD exhibit a form of persistent doubting, indecisiveness, and over-cautiousness at pathological levels (Rasmussen and Eisen in Psychiatr Clin 15(4):743–758, 1992; Reed in Obsessional experience and compulsive behaviour: a cognitive-structural approach, Academic Press, Cambridge, 1985; Tolin et al. in Cogn Ther Res 27(6):657–669, 2003). I argue that the failure in OCD is of an affective nature, involving both excessive epistemic anxiety and hyperactive feelings of uncertainty. I further argue that our adaptive disposition to inquire about the right matters—that is, about propositions which are both epistemically risky and imply harmful possibilities—might depend on these affective mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reassessment of intentionality as "tendency" or "drive," already important when the intentionality at stake designates the directedness of lived experiences toward a particular object, might be even more crucial when the orientation toward others is concerned. How do drives and affects intermingle within our intersubjective life and fashion our relations to others? The present paper will address this question by focusing on a particular or even primary kind of intersubjectivity: the mother–child relationship, that received a particular, yet still insufficiently noticed attention in early phenomenology. Scheler and Husserl both analyse this relationship, indeed, in terms that imply drive intentionality as well as affective intentionality (that is, for what concerns the mother, maternal instinct and maternal love). In their view, this relation also has a crucial ethical significance, and may even be taken to be paradigmatic for ethical relationships as such. Accordingly, drive intentionality is understood as an instinctive orientation toward others, that love takes up and develops, thus providing an affective and even instinctive ground for ethical behaviour. All this imples the depart from an ethics grounded on the primacy and sufficiency of reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human vestibular processing involves distributed networks of cortical and subcortical regions which perform sensory and multimodal integrative functions. These functional hubs are also interconnected with areas subserving cognitive, affective, and body-representative domains. Analysis of these diverse components of the vestibular and vestibular-associated networks, and synthesis of their holistic functioning, is therefore vital to our understanding of the genesis of vestibular dysfunctions and aid treatment development. Novel neuroimaging methodologies, including functional and structural connectivity analyses, have provided important contributions in this area, but often require the use of atlases which are comprised of well-defined a priori regions of interest. Investigating vestibular dysfunction requires a more detailed atlas that encompasses cortical, subcortical, cerebellar, and brainstem regions. The present paper represents an effort to establish a compilation of existing, peer-reviewed brain atlases which collectively afford comprehensive coverage of these regions while explicitly focusing on vestibular substrates. It is expected that this compilation will be iteratively improved with additional contributions from researchers in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes how motherhood and labor market status interact in their relationship to women's affective well-being using Day Reconstruction Method data from the United Kingdom Time Use Survey 2014–2015. The dataset contains information on how much time respondents spent on their various daily activities as well as how much they enjoyed each episode. This information is aggregated into a measure of an individual's affective well-being on a given day by calculating the mean of the reported enjoyments weighted by the duration of the respective episode. Results indicate a positive and significant correlation between motherhood and affective well-being. However, this relationship decreases in magnitude and even becomes insignificant in some specifications when controlling for labor market status. This could indicate that an increase in the likelihood of being in a labor market status associated with higher affective well-being mediates the positive relationship between motherhood and affective well-being. Women working part-time, self-employed women, homemakers and women on maternity leave are shown to have higher affective well-being than full-time employees. Furthermore, the time spent on and enjoyment experienced in employment related activities appears to be a key driver of many results in this study. Contrasting results in specifications using a measure of life satisfaction highlight the importance of considering affective as well as cognitive well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mixed-effects location scale model allows researchers to study within- and between-person variation in repeated measures. Key components of the model include separate variance models to study predictors of the within-person variance, as well as predictors of the between-person variance of a random effect, such as a random intercept. In this paper, a latent variable mixed-effects location scale model is developed that combines a longitudinal common factor model and a mixed-effects location scale model to characterize within- and between-person variation in a common factor. The model is illustrated using daily reports of positive affect and daily stressors for a large sample of adult women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the problem of classifying 3553 English-language comments from the social network Reddit based on various approaches to the vectorization of comment texts, including bag of words, TF–IDF, bigrams analysis based on pointwise mutual information (PMI) and sentiments, and the deep model BERT of the language representation. The use of a hybrid approach based on text vectorization using BERT and bigrams analysis have made it possible to improve the quality of comments classification up to 91%. Based on a cluster analysis of 1857 English-language comments describing anxiety, clusters were identified using BERT+k-means. The study proposes a hybrid approach based on the use of the LDA topic modeling method, the VADER sentiments analysis method, pointwise mutual information, and parts of speech analysis and permitting one to select bigrams and trigrams to describe clusters of comments. To visualize the extracted patterns in the form of trigrams, a knowledge graph was constructed that describes the subject area, and a comparison of the words of the selected target trigrams with the words of a custom dictionary describing various affective disorders has made it possible to determine the types of psychosocial stressors associated with affective disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of Danish psychology students' Master's thesis projects, focusing on their methodological approaches showed a discrepancy of their interest and the predominance of mainstream quantitative approach published in psychology journals. The interest of Danish psychology students in qualitative methodologies indicate that there is a social normativity guiding the choice of research methods (Szulevicz et al., 2021) This paper focus on the academic rites and myths that usually homogenize the reflections and actions of the weird people who attends the university. It is argued that from the rites and myths that shapes the academic environment, the researcher develops an affective availability to select aspects of the experience to reflect on. The preparation of the project depends on the methodological choices and adjustments, making the reflected experience intelligible to the academic audience, invited to criticize the ongoing work and when it is finished. Categories addressing the qualities of psychological experience are proposed opening paths for possible future researches on the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research and policymaking on positive mental health and well-being have increased within the last decade, partly fueled by decreasing levels of well-being in the general population and among at-risk groups. However, measurement of well-being often takes place in the absence of reflection on the underlying theoretical conceptualization of well-being. This disguises the fact that different rating scales of well-being often measure very different phenomena because rating scales are based on different philosophical assumptions, which represent radically different foundational views about the nature of well-being. The aim of this paper is to examine the philosophical foundation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in order to clarify the underlying normative commitments and the psychometric compromises involved in the translation of theory into practice. SWLS is widely used by psychologists, public health professionals, economists, and is popular in national and international surveys of well-being. This paper introduces the philosophical theory of life satisfaction and explores how three central discussions within life satisfaction theory are reflected in the construction of the SWLS; (1) Whether we should be equally satisfied with our past, present and future, (2) Whether we should be satisfied with all the various domains of our lives, and (3) How to avoid the trap of "false consciousness", i.e. that people fail to recognize the injustice or misfortune of their lives. In the end, life satisfaction theory is contrasted with affective foundational theories of well-being, to explore the magnitude and limits of SWLS as a rating scale based on life satisfaction theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is easier than ever to provide video feedback. Research has shown that video feedback, among other things, can help increase conversational and affective communication. However, research also suggests that despite its benefits, instructors and students might prefer text-based feedback. The following paper responds to research by Borup, West, and Thomas (Educ Technol Res Dev 63(2): 161–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-015-9367-8, 2015), describes the value of their research, how it can be applied, some limitations, and future areas of research in a time where colleges are shifting to digital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The affective/emotional status of patients is strongly connected to the healing process and their health. Therefore, being aware of the psychological peaks and troughs of a patient provides the advantage of timely intervention by specialists or closely related kinsfolk. In this context, this paper presents the design and implementation of an emotion analysis module integrated in an existing telemedicine platform. Two different methodologies are utilized and discussed. The first scheme exploits the fast and consistent properties of the speeded-up robust features algorithm in order to identify the existence of seven different sentiments in human faces. The second is based on convolutional neural networks. The whole functionality is provided as a Web service for the healthcare platform during regular video teleconference sessions between authorized medical personnel and patients. The paper discusses the technical details of the implementation and the incorporation of the proposed scheme and provides the initial results of its accuracy and operation in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]