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Short-term load forecasting (STLF) of heterogeneous multi-agents plays a significant role in smart grid. Faced with special difficulties of multi-agent STLF due to the high heterogeneity, uncertainty and volatility, traditional local methods usually make predictions based on load aggregation or clustering, the complexity of which will rise greatly with the increase of agent types. It has become more and more difficult for traditional methods to meet the STLF demand of smart grid. Meanwhile, global time series forecasting method emerges gradually in many fields, which can make predictions for many agents only by one model with much lower complexity. However, there is few researches on the multi-agent global STLF. This study proposes a global deep-Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) STLF model based on a pretraining method. The model fully applies the information such as electricity consumption pattern, weather and calendar in a structural and orderly way. The empirical results show that our model can effectively predict the daily load of heterogeneous households, with prediction accuracies of 87.9–90.2% on the test set across various tasks. Compared with the base model, our model achieves an 8.7% higher accuracy with a much faster convergence speed. Furthermore, the fluctuations of accuracy on different tasks are within 2.3%, showing that our model is robust. The superiority of the global method is proved through the comparison with local method in the empirical results. This study is expected to make contribution to global STLF of heterogeneous households and providing experience for the global prediction of heterogeneous time series based on deep-LSTM and pretraining method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmentally friendly lead-free dielectric ceramics have attracted much attention due to their high power density, rapid discharge rate and excellent dielectric stability. In this study, the joint strategy of composition design and morphology design is proposed to improve the energy storage performance of Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3@Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 (SBT@BCT) composite ceramics. The SBT@BCT composite ceramics were prepared by coating BCT on the surface of SBT powders in sol–gel process. The results show that an appropriate BCT content can result in the coexistence of the tetragonal and orthogonal nanodomains, reduce the sintering temperature, and reasonably control the grain scale, thus improving the effective polarization, breakdown strength and temperature stability. When BCT coating is 15 mol%, the polarization maximum of SBT@BCT ceramics is 23.9 μC/cm2 under an applied electric field of 238 kV/cm, the discharged energy density Wrec is 2.31 J/cm3, and the energy storage efficiency is 82%, with a relatively high dielectric constant of 2735 and low dielectric loss of 0.019. The stability deviation of Wrec is within 15% in the range of 20 to 150 °C, and superior dielectric temperature stability (|Δε/ε20 °C|≤ 15%) is measured from − 60 to 120 °C. The results demonstrate that SBT@BCT lead-free ceramics have potential applications for high temperature energy storage capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional antifouling agents usually have a certain toxic effect on marine environments and non-target organisms. In this study, Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide (DIP) was applied as a natural antifouling surface modifier to prepare the surface coating for marine antifouling. Three DIP coatings were prepared: D. indusiata spore polysaccharide (DISP), D. indusiata volva polysaccharide (DIVP), and D. indusiata embryonic body polysaccharide (DIEP). The antifouling, tribological, and anticorrosion behavior of the coatings were examined. Results revealed that the three kinds of DIP coatings had excellent antifouling properties, which could effectively prevent the adhesion of Chlorella and the attachment of water-based and oily stains on the surface. Additionally, the coatings showed great mechanical stability and could maintain an extremely low coefficient of friction (COF < 0.05) after continuous wear. The drag reduction rate of the coated surfaces reached 5%, showing a powerful lubrication performance. Furthermore, the DIP coatings presented an outstanding corrosion resistance, where the equivalent circuit impedances were 4–9 orders of magnitude higher than the control groups. This research showed a promising prospect of surface coating fabrication with DIP for marine devices to achieve the purpose of antifouling and drag reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Lymphoma has become a major threat to human health. Fortunately, the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma have developed rapidly, and research progress has emerged in an endless stream, with new drugs emerging one after another. These results are constantly rewriting guidelines changing clinical practice, need to be popularized and applied more widely. Methods: This guideline has integrated consensuses reached by the Lymphoma Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association (CACA), based on China's practice, tracking previous results of the most advanced clinical researches, absorbing the latest clinical evidence, and referring to domestic and international lymphoma guidelines. Results: This holistic integrative guideline of lymphoma introduces the latest progress in the diagnosis and treatment of different subtypes of lymphoma, guide the clinical application of new drugs, standardized and precise management for lymphoma patients. Conclusions: CACA guidelines for holistic integrative management of lymphoma (version 2022) enhance standardization and precision of the management for lymphoma patients in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incentive-based emergency demand response measure serves as an important regulatory tool during energy system operations. However, whether people will sacrifice comfort to respond to it during heatwave and what the effect on heat vulnerable populations will be are still unclear. A large-scale emergency demand response pilot involving 205,129 households was conducted in southwestern China during continuous extreme high temperatures in summer. We found that the incentive-based emergency demand response causes a statistically significant decline in electricity use with no additional financial burden on vulnerable groups. The electricity conservation potential of urban households was higher than that of rural households. Households with children did not respond to the emergency demand response, while the response of households with elderly individuals proved to be more positive. The repeated and frequent implementation of this policy did not result in an attenuation of the regulatory effect. This research can serve as a reference for countries with similar regulated power markets. Co-lead authors Wang, Zhang, Qiu, Lu and their colleagues model an incentive-based emergency demand response to counter heatwaves. The modelled responded leads to the peak load reduction of 7.32% for the covered households, and can achieve a 1.02% peak load reduction when reaching a wide audience with no additional financial burden on vulnerable groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder with the pathophysiology yet to be understood. The microstructural alteration in brain white matter (WM) has been suggested to be related to migraine in recent studies, but these evidence are observational essentially and cannot infer a causal relationship. The present study aims to reveal the causal relationship between migraine and microstructural WM using genetic data and Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: We collected the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of migraine (48,975 cases / 550,381 controls) and 360 WM imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) (31,356 samples) that were used to measure microstructural WM. Based on instrumental variables (IVs) selected from the GWAS summary statistics, we conducted bidirectional two-sample MR analyses to infer bidirectional causal associations between migraine and microstructural WM. In forward MR analysis, we inferred the causal effect of microstructural WM on migraine by reporting the odds ratio (OR) that quantified the risk change of migraine for per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase of IDPs. In reverse MR analysis, we inferred the causal effect of migraine on microstructural WM by reporting the β value that represented SDs of changes in IDPs were caused by migraine. Results: Three WM IDPs showed significant causal associations (p < 3.29 × 10− 4, Bonferroni correction) with migraine and were proved to be reliable via sensitivity analysis. The mode of anisotropy (MO) of left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (OR = 1.76, p = 6.46 × 10− 5) and orientation dispersion index (OD) of right posterior thalamic radiation (OR = 0.78, p = 1.86 × 10− 4) exerted significant causal effects on migraine. Migraine exerted a significant causal effect on the OD of left superior cerebellar peduncle (β = − 0.09, p = 2.78 × 10− 4). Conclusions: Our findings provided genetic evidence for the causal relationships between migraine and microstructural WM, bringing new insights into brain structure for the development and experience of migraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand-side response (DSR) measures, which facilitate the management of system reliability and maintain system resource adequacy of power grids, are gaining prominence. Traditional optimization methods for residential electricity usage in peak-demand hours often lack flexibility and effectiveness in solving practical problems due to a large amount of data and a high degree of data uncertainty. Our study aims to obtain a high degree of responsiveness for numerous and highly dispersed residential customers by integrating data-driven and model-driven methods. In this study, we conducted large-scale DSR controlled trials, collected 15-min intervals of electricity consumption data, and matched the survey data. A dynamic time-warping clustering-based difference-in-difference method was proposed for empirical analysis. The results indicate that monetary incentives induced a statistically significant reduction in electricity usage during peak periods in summer by 18.6%, while the response effect was not significant in winter. The heterogeneity analysis suggests that the reduction was mainly contributed by the middle-income group and the elderly group. Our study provides a basis for policymakers to formulate tailored policies to optimize residents' electricity consumption during peak hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BAHD superfamily acyltransferases play an important role in catalyzing and regulating secondary metabolism in plants. Despite this, there is relatively little information regarding the BAHD superfamily in barley. In this study, we identified 116 HvBAHD acyltransferases from the barley genome. Based on phylogenetic analysis and classification in model monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, we divided the genes into eight groups, I-a, I-b, II, III-a, III-b, IV, V-a and V-b. The Clade IV genes, including Agmatine Coumarol Transferase (ACT) that is associated with resistance of plants to Gibberella fungi, were absent in Arabidopsis. Cis-regulatory element analysis of the HvBAHDs showed that the genes respond positively to GA3 treatment. In-silico expression and qPCR analysis showed the HvBAHD genes are expressed in a range of tissues and developmental stages, and highly enriched in the seedling stage, consistent with diverse roles. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) scanning analysis revealed that the natural variation in the coding regions of the HvBAHDs is low and the sequences have been conserved during barley domestication. Our results reveal the complexity of the HvBAHDs and will help facilitate their analysis in further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic perovskite hybrid materials with enhanced stability have attracted wide attention in optoelectronic field in recent years. Efforts of exploring new 2D perovskites with various organic or inorganic components have been devoted to further improve their solar cell efficiencies. In this work, three structurally similar spacer cations of phenylethylammonium (PEA), 4-bromophenylethylammonium (BPEA) and 4-chlorophenylethylammonium (CPEA) are selected to prepare multilayered 2D perovskites. It is found that the introduction of halogen atoms in the organic cations positively influences the film quality, light absorption, charge transport, device performance and moisture stability of the resulting perovskites. The (BPEA)2(MA)4Pb5I16 and (CPEA)2(MA)4Pb5I16 perovskites exhibit efficiencies of 7.38% and 10.88%, respectively, which are much higher than that of (PEA)2(MA)4Pb5I16 (3.98%). Owning to the larger size and bigger electronegativity of halogen atom in spacer cations, the PCE of unsealed BPEA- and CPEA-based 2D perovskite devices maintains 73% and 63% of their original efficiency after 720 h exposure to 60% humid air, while the PEA-based 2D device decreases to 52% of its initial PCE. Our work demonstrates new insight to modify the quality and stability of 2D perovskite hybrids, highlighting the validity of molecule design of organic cations in improving the efficiency and stability of 2D perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that NaCl salt crystals can easily dissolve in dilute aqueous solutions at room temperature. Herein, we reported the first computational evidence of a novel salt nucleation behavior at room temperature, i.e., the spontaneous formation of two-dimensional (2D) alkali chloride crystalline/non-crystalline nanostructures in dilute aqueous solution under nanoscale confinement. Microsecond-scale classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that NaCl or LiCl, initially fully dissolved in confined water, can spontaneously nucleate into 2D monolayer nanostructures with either ordered or disordered morphologies. Notably, the NaCl nanostructures exhibited a 2D crystalline square-unit pattern, whereas the LiCl nanostructures adopted non-crystalline 2D hexagonal ring and/or zigzag chain patterns. These structural patterns appeared to be quite generic, regardless of the water and ion models used in the MD simulations. The generic patterns formed by 2D monolayer NaCl and LiCl nanostructures were also confirmed by ab initio MD simulations. The formation of 2D salt structures in dilute aqueous solution at room temperature is counterintuitive. Free energy calculations indicated that the unexpected spontaneous salt nucleation behavior can be attributed to the nanoscale confinement and strongly compressed hydration shells of ions. Aqueous solutions under nanoscale confinement exhibit interesting physicochemical properties. This work reports evidence on the spontaneous formation of two-dimensional alkali chloride crystalline/non-crystalline nanostructures in dilute aqueous solution under nanoscale confinement by computer simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability of cells to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is important for maintaining genome stability and eliminating oncogenic DNA lesions. Two distinct and complementary pathways, non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR), are employed by mammalian cells to repair DNA DSBs. Each pathway is tightly controlled in response to increased DSBs. The Ku heterodimer has been shown to play a regulatory role in NHEJ repair. Ku80 ubiquitination contributes to the selection of a DSB repair pathway by causing the removal of Ku heterodimers from DSB sites. However, whether Ku80 deubiquitination also plays a role in regulating DSB repair is unknown. To address this question, we performed a comprehensive study of the deubiquitinase specific for Ku80, and our study showed that the deubiquitinase OTUD5 serves as an important regulator of NHEJ repair by increasing the stability of Ku80. Further studies revealed that OTUD5 depletion impaired NHEJ repair, and hence reduced overall DSB repair. Furthermore, OTUD5-depleted cells displayed excess end resection; as a result, HR repair was facilitated by OTUD5 depletion during the S/G2 phase. In summary, our study demonstrates that OTUD5 is a specific deubiquitinase for Ku80 and establishes OTUD5 as an important and positive regulator of NHEJ repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/hypothesis: Sex differences in macrovascular disease, especially in stroke, are observed across studies of epidemiology. We studied a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes to better understand the relationship between glycaemic control and stroke risk. Methods: We prospectively investigated the sex-specific association between different levels of HbA and incident stroke risk among 10,876 male and 19,278 female patients with type 2 diabetes. Results: During a mean follow-up of 6.7 years, 2,949 incident cases of stroke were identified. The multivariable-adjusted HRs of stroke associated with different levels of HbA at baseline (HbA <6.0% [<42 mmol/mol], 6.0-6.9% [42-52 mmol/mol] [reference group], 7.0-7.9% [53-63 mmol/mol], 8.0-8.9% [64-74 mmol/mol], 9.0-9.9% [75-85 mmol/mol] and ≥10.0% [≥86 mmol/mol]) were 0.96 (95% CI 0.80, 1.14), 1.00, 1.04 (0.85, 1.28), 1.11 (0.89, 1.39), 1.10 (0.86, 1.41) and 1.22 (0.92, 1.35) ( p for trend = 0.66) for men, and 1.03 (0.90, 1.18), 1.00, 1.09 (0.94, 1.26), 1.19 (1.00, 1.42), 1.32 (1.09, 1.59) and 1.42 (1.23, 1.65) ( p for trend <0.001) for women, respectively. The graded association between HbA during follow-up and stroke risk was observed among women ( p for trend = 0.066). When stratified by race, whether with or without glucose-lowering agents, this graded association of HbA with stroke was still present among women. When stratified by age, the adjusted HRs were significantly higher in women older than 55 years compared with younger women. Conclusions/interpretation: The current study suggests a graded association between HbA and the risk of stroke among women with type 2 diabetes. Poor control of blood sugar has a stronger effect in diabetic women older than 55 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oncogenic processes exert their greatest effect by targeting regulators of cell proliferation. Studying the mechanism underlying growth augmentation is expected to improve clinical therapies. The ovarian tumor (OTU) subfamily deubiquitinases have been implicated in the regulation of critical cell-signaling cascades, but most OTUs functions remain to be investigated. Through an unbiased RNAi screen, knockdown of OTUD5 is shown to significantly accelerate cell growth. Further investigation reveals that OTUD5 depletion leads to the enhanced transcriptional activity of TRIM25 and the inhibited expression of PML by altering the ubiquitination level of TRIM25. Importantly, OTUD5 knockdown accelerates tumor growth in a nude mouse model. OTUD5 expression is markedly downregulated in tumor tissues. The reduced OTUD5 level is associated with an aggressive phenotype and a poor clinical outcome for cancers patients. Our findings reveal a mechanism whereby OTUD5 regulates gene transcription and suppresses tumorigenesis by deubiquitinating TRIM25, providing a potential target for oncotherapy. The mechanisms by which deubiquitinases modulate tumour progression are not fully understood. Here, the authors perform an RNAi screen and identify that the deubiquitinase OTUD5 suppresses cancer growth in a TRIM25 dependent manner, which in turn controls the expression of tumour suppressor protein, PML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nucleolar proteins play an important role in the regulation of the MDM2-p53 pathway, which coordinates cellular response to stress. However, the mechanism underlying this regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the nucleolar protein CSIG is a novel and crucial regulator of the MDM2-p53 pathway. We demonstrate that CSIG translocates from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm in response to nucleolar stress. Moreover, knockdown of CSIG attenuates the induction of p53 and abrogates G1 phase arrest in response to nucleolar stress. CSIG interacts directly with the MDM2 RING finger domain and inhibits MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, thus resulting in a decrease in MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Our results suggest that the CSIG-MDM2-p53 regulatory pathway plays an important role in the cellular response to nucleolar stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Driven by the goal of “carbon neutrality” for achieving energy savings and carbon reductions, various industries are striving to continuously introduce green energy-saving products. This study contributes to providing pricing policies and product launch strategies for the green energy-saving product manufacturers, aiming at increasing their profitability when facing strategic consumers. We develop a two-period pricing model, which considers three pricing policies and three product launch strategies in the presence of green information sharing, and we then investigate the performance of two types of government subsidy programs. The basic results show that the manufacturers would share information and adopt price commitment or price matching with dual rollover launch, when both the information sharing cost and consumer strategic level are low. While sharing green information is always beneficial to manufacturers its impact on sales quantity depends on consumer strategic level and technology preference. The further finding suggests that the highest profits can be achieved by adopting both price commitment and price matching, whereas the largest sales quantity can only be obtained under dynamic pricing. To achieve the promotion goal under price commitment, we derive the optimal subsidies of the manufacturer and consumers, and the results indicate that subsidizing consumers can not only help to reach the maximum promotion but also eliminate the risk of market failure. This study is expected to provide insights of subsidy programs for policy makers to enable manufacturers to achieve the promotion goal of energy-saving product, and it also accelerates the development of sustainable supply chain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]