1. Correction to: Integrating Transwomen and Female Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) into Elite Competition: The FIMS 2021 Consensus Statement
- Author
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James Barrett, David Niederseer, William O. Roberts, Irina Zelenkova, Mats Börjesson, Guan Wang, Dimitrios G. Goulis, Maurizio Casasco, Konstantinos Natsis, Shu Hang Patrick Yung, Borja Muniz-Pardos, Petra Zupet, Paulette Y.O. Kumi, Sandra Rozenstoka, Michael Geistlinger, Karin Vonbank, Bernd Wolfarth, Jeroen Swart, Felix Drummond, Xavier Bigard, Juergen M. Steinacker, Nigel J. Jones, Andre Debruyne, Antonia Karanikolou, Ana V. Cintron, Giscard Lima, Fabio Pigozzi, Richard Twycross-Lewis, Evert Verhagen, Vasileios Skiadas, Mike Miller, Dina Christina Janse van Rensburg, Ali Erdogan, Michele Verroken, José A. Casajús, Chiara Fossati, Michiko Dohi, Bulent O. Yildiz, Kathryn N. North, Pedro Manonelles Marqueta, Federica Fagnani, Alexander Kolliari-Turner, Nick Webborn, Sigmund Loland, Joanna Harper, Victoriya Badtieva, Demitri Constantinou, Anca Ionescu, Patrick Singleton, Jonathan Shurlock, Norbert Bachl, María José Martínez-Patiño, Andrew N. Bosch, Siddhartha S. Angadi, Jane T. Seto, José Kawazoe Lazzoli, Fergus M. Guppy, André Pedrinelli, Herbert Löllgen, James L. J. Bilzon, Yannis P. Pitsiladis, Blair R. Hamilton, Dimakatso A. Ramagole, Christian Schneider, Kumpei Tanisawa, Theodora Papadopoulou, Leighton Seal, Rogério Friedman, Francisco Arroyo, and Luigi Di Luigi
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,biology ,Sports medicine ,Statement (logic) ,Athletes ,Sexual Development ,Correction ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Gender studies ,Athletic Performance ,biology.organism_classification ,Competition (economics) ,Elite ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Female ,Testosterone ,Psychology - Abstract
Sport is historically designated by the binary categorization of male and female that conflicts with modern society. Sport's governing bodies should consider reviewing rules determining the eligibility of athletes in the female category as there may be lasting advantages of previously high testosterone concentrations for transwomen athletes and currently high testosterone concentrations in differences in sex development (DSD) athletes. The use of serum testosterone concentrations to regulate the inclusion of such athletes into the elite female category is currently the objective biomarker that is supported by most available scientific literature, but it has limitations due to the lack of sports performance data before, during or after testosterone suppression. Innovative research studies are needed to identify other biomarkers of testosterone sensitivity/responsiveness, including molecular tools to determine the functional status of androgen receptors. The scientific community also needs to conduct longitudinal studies with specific control groups to generate the biological and sports performance data for individual sports to inform the fair inclusion or exclusion of these athletes. Eligibility of each athlete to a sport-specific policy needs to be based on peer-reviewed scientific evidence made available to policymakers from all scientific communities. However, even the most evidence-based regulations are unlikely to eliminate all differences in performance between cisgender women with and without DSD and transwomen athletes. Any remaining advantage held by transwomen or DSD women could be considered as part of the athlete's unique makeup.
- Published
- 2021