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This study is conducted to explore the exposure of cashless tools usage by entrepreneurs and to relate it is usage with the comprehension of Maqasid al-Shariah. The main approach to fulfil the objectives of study is qualitative approach. This study has supported by seven Kelantan’s entrepreneurs from some of business background. The findings indicated that the cashless tools usage majority have been exposed by Kelantan’s entrepreneurs. Specifically, the usage if cashless tools brings the positive impact not only for the well-being of their business and Maqasid Shariah. It can be concluded that the usage if cashless tools by entrepreneurs can lead to comprehension of Maqasid Shariah.

The paper aims to explore the Muslim entrepreneur’s doctrine towards halal supply chain management in scope of Halal ingredients, halal packaging and halal transportation in order to ensure the understanding of Halal follows with guidelines from Sharia compliance. This exploratory research paper is based on in-depth interviews to better understand the doctrine of Muslim Entrepreneurs about Halal ingredients, packaging, and transportation in halal supply chain management. The main approaches in this research are also known as the qualitative approach. In exact, the product and market characteristics are important variables in the supply chain management of Halal supply chains. Further exploratory research is needed to measure the understanding of Muslim entrepreneurs. However, further qualitative and quantitative research is needed in order to provide the industry with concrete tools to design effective Halal supply chains.

The growing number of unclaimed assets reaching RM5.7 billion in cash was due to the failure to identify the legal owner when the deceased died intestate or without wasiyyah. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the influence factor for wasiyyah preparation among micro-entrepreneurs in using Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with Aqidah as an added variable. This research employed a quantitative approach, choosing 313 female micro-entrepreneurs as respondents. The result shows that all independent variables have significant relationship with wassiyyah preparation purpose.

Plant breeding, particularly oil palm, takes up to 20 years per cycle for phenotypic selection which is characterized by low planting densities and longer generations. This, however, has numerous consequences such as limited breeding intensity and reduced number of generations that can be reached in between two breeding stages. In the attempt to reconcile the rapid achievement of varietal outputs and the long-term improvement of the tropical tree crops programme, the recurrent selection schemes were adopted. This paper presents an overview of recurrent selection with emphasis on modified reciprocal recurrent selection which is widely used in oil palm. Based on this background, the objectives of this breeding method were highlighted, and some achievements recorded through the method were elaborated.

The crucial role of genetic resources in agriculture cannot be taken lightly. These resources are required by plant breeders to improve and develop new crop varieties. Most plant commodities including modern varieties descended from an array of wild and improved genetic resources from around the world. Moreover, agricultural production depends on continuing infusions of genetic resources for yield stability and growth. In oil palm, the incipience of the wild resource in Elaeis guineensis was from West and Central Africa; meanwhile, the other species (Elaeis oleifera) was from America before these two species spread out globally and became important industrial crop. The breeding and genetic improvement work for oil palm began in the 1920s in Africa and later in Southeast Asia followed with the development of advanced cultivars of the crop from few ancestral palms. A significant improvement has been made from one generation to the next. However, as the crop improved, genetic diversity was reduced, and this restricted the ability to increase its productivity as well as selection progress further. The awareness of the depleting and narrowness of oil palm genetic diversity has become the impetus for the oil palm germplasm collection programme. Exploration of the oil palm genetic resources has been carried out by various countries to their centres of origin in Africa and Latin America. The primary purpose was to increase the genetic diversity for yield progress. The germplasm which possesses high levels of genetic diversity were collected, evaluated for valuable traits, utilized, conserved and acted as a reservoir of genetic diversity for future use. Utilization of both wild and advanced oil palm materials has expanded through various ways, which increases the potential benefits for crop improvement.

The planted area of oil palm has grown to over 5.81 million ha by 2017, uplifting the economy and livelihood of Malaysians over the last 100 years since its beginning as a plantation crop in 1917. The narrowness of the active gene pool was recognized as one of the major drawbacks to a successful and rapid selection progress in oil palm breeding. The industry has made significant strides by incorporating germplasm material sourced from its center of origin in Africa and South America into on-going breeding programs. This resulted in the development of 13 new types of genetic material (PS series) by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board that have been distributed to the industry. An active tissue culture program has also facilitated cloning of high yielding palms, where clonal uniformity offers the opportunity to increase yields of up to 30%. Research and development efforts to further improve the productivity of oil palm received a boost when its genome was sequenced and released in 2013, which laid the foundation for applying genome-based technologies in oil palm research. With the discovery of a few genes at the molecular level together with oil palm genome, sequence data, we expect further integration of conventional and molecular breeding. Biotechnology research is the core area to opening up new avenues for oil palm improvement toward an era of precision agriculture and sustainability.