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A number of uncommon, clinically varied, and sometimes poorly understood inflammatory cutaneous diseases are linked by the presence of histologic findings classified as lichenoid and interface dermatitis. These inflammatory patterns can be seen in potentially fatal disorders like Steven-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis as well as in limited diseases with minimal morbidity, such is true of fixed drug reaction. This chapter will discuss entities encompassed in these inflammatory patterns and point to clinical and histologic findings that help reaching a definitive diagnosis.

The advances in surgical techniques and the introduction of more effective and less toxic immunosuppression regimens have resulted in increased rate of successful transplantation with extended survival of the recipients. Histologic assessment continues to play an essential role in the diagnosis of complications secondary to therapy in this population. In this chapter we discuss the most common cutaneous diseases that may result from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Metastatic diseases involving the skin are also discussed.

Pediatric dermatopathology includes a range of diseases, particularly inflammatory and genodermatosis, that pathologists may not be entirely familiar with. Furthermore, children are not biopsied frequently, and this limits the understanding of the histopathologic features in pediatric skin disorders. Some diseases may only be encountered early in life, and the differential diagnosis of certain conditions in children is different from that considered in adults. This chapter covers pediatric dermatopathology in the hospital setting.