18 results on '"Human group"'
Search Results
2. Alternative Views of Folk Classification
- Author
-
Júnior, Washington Soares Ferreira, Gonçalves, Paulo Henrique Santos, de Lucena, Reinaldo Farias Paiva, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, editor, and Nóbrega Alves, Rômulo Romeu, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Fungi
- Author
-
Júnior, Washington Soares Ferreira, Gonçalves, Paulo Henrique Santos, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, editor, and Nóbrega Alves, Rômulo Romeu, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Risk Perception
- Author
-
da Silva, Taline Cristina, Júnior, Washington Soares Ferreira, Santoro, Flávia Rosa, Araújo, Thiago Antônio de Sousa, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, editor, and Nóbrega Alves, Rômulo Romeu, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Simulating Patagonian Territoriality in Prehistory: Space, Frontiers and Networks Among Hunter-Gatherers
- Author
-
Barceló, Joan A., Del Castillo, Florencia, Del Olmo, Ricardo, Mameli, Laura, Quesada, Francisco J. Miguel, Poza, David, Vilà, Xavier, Balram, Shivanand, Series editor, Dragicevic, Suzana, Series editor, Wurzer, Gabriel, editor, Kowarik, Kerstin, editor, and Reschreiter, Hans, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Moral Behavior and Moral Sentiments – On the Natural Basis for Moral Values
- Author
-
de Brito, Adriano Naves, Düwell, Marcus, Series editor, Christen, Markus, editor, van Schaik, Carel, editor, Fischer, Johannes, editor, Huppenbauer, Markus, editor, and Tanner, Carmen, editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Following the Father Steps in the Bowels of the Earth: The Ichnological Record from the Bàsura Cave (Upper Palaeolithic, Italy)
- Author
-
Marco Avanzini, Marta Zunino, Ivano Rellini, Paolo Citton, E. Starnini, Isabella Salvador, Fabio Negrino, Rosanna Caramiello, Marco Romano, Daniele Arobba, and Marco Firpo
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,060102 archaeology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Crawling ,01 natural sciences ,Archaeology ,Digital photogrammetry ,Northern italy ,%22">Pinus ,Cave ,Social relationship ,0601 history and archaeology ,Human group ,Human locomotion ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The chapter summarizes the new results of the Bàsura Revisited Interdisciplinary Research Project. The integrated interpretation of recent archaeological data and palaeosurface laser scans, along with geoarchaeological, sedimentological, geochemical and archaeobotanical analyses, geometric morphometrics and digital photogrammetry, enabled us to reconstruct some activities that an Upper Palaeolithic human group led inside a deep cave in northern Italy within a single exploration event about 14 ka calBP. A complex and diverse track records of humans and other animals shed light on individual- and group-level behaviour, social relationship and mode of exploration of the uneven terrain. Five individuals, composed of two adults, an adolescent and two children, entered the cave barefoot lightening the way with a bunch of wooden sticks (Pinus t. sylvestris/mugo bundles). While proceeding, humans were forced to move on all fours, and the traces they left represent the first report of crawling locomotion in the global human ichnological record. Anatomical details recognizable in the crawling traces show that no clothing was present between limbs and the trampled sediments. Our study demonstrates that very young children (the youngest about 3 years old) were active members of the human groups, even in apparently dangerous and social activities, shedding light on behavioural habits of Upper Palaeolithic populations.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Chimpanzee Intercommunity Conflict: Fitness Outcomes, Power Imbalances, and Multilevel Selection
- Author
-
Steven C. Hertler, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre, and Aurelio José Figueredo
- Subjects
Power (social and political) ,Group selection ,Argument ,Mandate ,Relevance (law) ,Human group ,Evolutionism ,Positive economics ,Psychology ,Selection (genetic algorithm) - Abstract
This chapter is the first of five comprising Part III. Though, as in Chap. 6, we have previously allowed some lexical analyses to interpolate Part II’s historical-empirical thrust, Part III is predominately statistical, even as it continues to review relevant literature and history. Though, consistent with the mandate of this monograph, we aim ultimately to establish the reality of human group selection, this initial chapter alone treats chimpanzees. To thoroughgoing evolutionists, the relevance will be self-evident; we only add that establishing evidence of group selection in such a highly related species foundationally supports the empirical argument for human group selection, as presented in the four subsequent chapters constituting Part III of this volume.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Neurobiology of Human Social Behavior: A Review of How Testosterone and Cortisol Underpin Competition and Affiliation Dynamics
- Author
-
Joey T. Cheng and Olga Kornienko
- Subjects
Coping (psychology) ,Behavioral endocrinology ,medicine ,Human group ,Loneliness ,Social isolation ,medicine.symptom ,Neuroscience ,Social control ,Sociality ,Social status - Abstract
The brain, behavior, and neuroendocrine system have coevolved to support human group living. Recent developments in behavioral endocrinology over last several decades increasingly point to the powerful role of social experiences in influencing and being influenced by hormones. Here, we review the accumulated empirical developments that link two hormones—testosterone and cortisol—to social competition and affiliation. We suggest that testosterone and cortisol both influence and reflect the dynamics of human social behavior in domains of competition and affiliation, albeit in very different ways. The evidence supports the notion that testosterone may function as a competition hormone that calibrates psychological systems to current social standing and adaptively guide status-seeking efforts. As for cortisol, much evidence reveals that cortisol modulates affiliative behaviors in ways that appear to be adaptive; cortisol is elevated during times of social threat, social isolation, and loneliness, possibly to mobilize responses geared toward seeking coping and support, but is dampened when individuals gain social control and affiliative support. Still, more work is needed to unpack the complex interplay between neurobiology and human sociality. We end with a number of methodological recommendations on how using salivary bioscience methods may ultimately lead to a richer understanding of the complex reciprocal ties between biology and human social behavior.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Practical Applications of Multiagent Shepherding for Human-Machine Interaction
- Author
-
Elliot Saltzman, Rachel W. Kallen, Anthony Chemero, Michael J. Richardson, and Patrick Nalepka
- Subjects
Computer science ,Multi-agent system ,05 social sciences ,Autonomous agent ,Control (management) ,050105 experimental psychology ,Task (project management) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Human–computer interaction ,Human machine interaction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Human group ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Human learning - Abstract
The shepherding problem is interesting for multiagent systems research as it requires multiple actors (e.g., dogs, humans) to exert indirect control over autonomous agents (e.g., sheep, cattle) for containment or transportation. Accordingly, plenty of research has focused on designing algorithms for robotic agents to solve such tasks. Almost no research, however, has utilized this task to investigate human-human or human-machine interactions, even though the shepherding problem encapsulates desirable qualities for an experimental paradigm to investigate the dynamics of human group and mixed-group coordination in complex tasks. This paper summarizes our recent research that has employed the shepherding problem to study complex multiagent human-human and human-machine interaction. The paper concludes with a discussion of practical applications for using the shepherding problem for the design of assistive agents that can be incorporated into human groups or enhance training and human learning.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Human Group Instinct as Basis of Culture and Atrocities
- Author
-
Christoph von der Malsburg
- Subjects
Instinct ,History ,Action (philosophy) ,Law ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Fire prevention ,Fire pump ,Human group ,media_common - Abstract
On September 2, 1666, a fire broke out in a bakery in Pudding Lane in London, and within three days the City of London inside the old Roman City burned down. There had been fire prevention laws, but they had not been observed properly, there had been fire pumps, but they couldn’t reach the fire in time, there had been plans of action, but they were not enacted forcefully.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A Proposal to Measure Human Group Behaviour Stability
- Author
-
Rocío de Andrés Calle, Teresa González-Artega, and J. M. Cascón
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Computer science ,Stability (learning theory) ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Measure (mathematics) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Order (exchange) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Human group ,Focus (optics) ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
A non-traditional approach on the measurement of agents behaviour is presented. This contribution focus on measuring stability of agents’ preferences on an intertemporal context under the assumption of considering uncertainty opinions. To this aim, the concept of behaviour stability measure is defined as well as a particular one, the sequential behaviour stability measure. Finally and in order to highlight the good behaviour of novel measure, some properties are also provided.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Towards Swarm Intelligence of Alcoholics
- Author
-
Andrew Schumann
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,Addiction ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030106 microbiology ,Swarm behaviour ,Symbolic interactionism ,Swarm intelligence ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lateral inhibition ,Human group ,Psychology ,Preference relation ,media_common ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
I distinguish the swarm behaviour from the social one. The swarm behaviour is carried out without symbolic interactions, but it is complex, as well. In this paper, I show that an addictive behaviour of humans can be considered a kind of swarm behaviour, also. The risk of predation is a main reason of reducing symbolic interactions in human group behaviours, but there are possible other reasons like addiction. An addiction increases roles of addictive stimuli (e.g. alcohol, morphine, cocaine, sexual intercourse, gambling, etc.) by their reinforcing and intrinsically rewarding and we start to deal with a swarm. I show that the lateral inhibition and lateral activation are two fundamental patterns in sensing and motoring of swarms. The point is that both patterns allow swarms to occupy several attractants and to avoid several repellents at once. The swarm behaviour of alcoholics follows the lateral inhibition and lateral activation, too. In order to formalize this intelligence, I appeal to modal logics K and its modification K’. The logic K is used to formalize preference relation in the case of lateral inhibition in distributing people to drink jointly and the logic K’ is used to formalize preference relation in the case of lateral activation in distributing people to drink jointly.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Use of Animals During the Mid-Archaic and the Initial Period in Pernil Alto: A Site in the Palpa Valleys, Southern Coast of Peru
- Author
-
Carmen Rosa Cardoza, Enrique Angulo, Lucía Jiménez, Johny Isla, Markus Reindel, and Hermann Gorbahn
- Subjects
Geography ,Archaeological research ,Period (geology) ,Human group ,Animal bone ,Archaeology ,Animal use - Abstract
Archaeological research in the Palpa valleys, southern coast of Peru, has revealed the existence of a long cultural process, during which the site of Pernil Alto had an important role in the process of settlement in the Palpa valleys during the Mid-Archaic Period (3600–3000 BC) and the Initial Period (1500–800 BC). In this paper, we present the preliminary results of archaeozoological studies of animal bones excavated in Pernil Alto. We identify the animal taxa that the Pernil Alto human group had access to and how they used them over time during the Mid-Archaic Period and the Initial Period. The description and methodological analysis of each category used to classify 1361 bone fragments is discussed. The sample studied indicates that during the Mid-Archaic Period, animal use was varied, while during the Initial Period the primary emphasis was on the use of camelids (Camelidae), with continued use of other protein sources including guinea pigs (Caviidae) and deer (Cervidae), among others.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Alternative Views of Folk Classification
- Author
-
Paulo Henrique Santos Gonçalves, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,Brent Berlin ,Criticism ,Human group ,Folk classification ,Sociology ,Universal law ,Plan (drawing) ,Set (psychology) ,Folk taxonomy ,Epistemology - Abstract
Brent Berlin suggested general and universal principles of classification and nomenclature for living beings, which have been undertaken by different researchers. However, some scientists have put forth a set of evidence that does not corroborate some of the Berlin principles. They suggest that classifications exhibit characteristics that can vary in different cultures, without following universal principles. Thus, criticism of the universal principles of folk taxonomy has emerged, showing that different cultures and societies use different cognitive schemes to classify living beings, without adherence to the plan devised by Berlin. Researchers are proposing competing ideas to the universal principles to better understand how different human groups classify living beings. Thus, the major criticisms of Berlin’s folk classification model will be presented in this chapter, as well as discussion of an alternative proposal to understand folk classification and current advances in studies on this topic.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. An Empirical Analysis on Temporal Pattern of Credit Card Trade
- Author
-
Qiang Tian, Wenjun Wang, Bo Zhao, Guixiang Xue, and Ning Yuan
- Subjects
Empirical data ,Actuarial science ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Mean value ,Distribution (economics) ,Human behavior ,Credit card ,Burstiness ,Value (economics) ,Econometrics ,Human group ,business ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Credit card swiping is the behavior which people make a deal in POS with credit card. It is one of the simplest credit services. To research credit card swiping is helpful to understand temporal pattern of credit card swiping. In traditional views, human group behavior is random, irregular. However, the latest research presents that some human behaviors are predictable. Nowadays, researchers are analyzing different types of human behavior with human behavior dynamics methods. In this paper, we analyze credit card swiping temporal pattern. The empirical data is from a bank in Tianjin China. We analyze inter-credit time, and memory and burstiness phase diagram (M, B). Inter-credit time follows power-law distribution, and (M, B) mean value is at the range of human behavior (M, B) value.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Applying a Social Emotional Model in Human-Agent Societies
- Author
-
Carlos Carrascosa, Vicente Julián, and J. A. Rincon
- Subjects
Ambient intelligence ,Order (exchange) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Human–computer interaction ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social emotional learning ,Human agent ,Human group ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Welfare ,media_common - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present the applicability of the \(JaCalIVE\) framework for developing human-agent societies. This kind of applications are those where virtual agents and humans coexist and interact transparently into a fully integrated environment. Specifically, the paper presents an ambient intelligence application where humans are immersed into a system that extracts and analyzes the emotional state of a human group. This social emotion is employed in order to try to maximize the welfare of that humans by playing the most appropriate music in every moment.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Recognition of Human Group Activity for Video Analytics
- Author
-
Sebastian Scherer, Jaeyong Ju, Hanseok Ko, and Cheoljong Yang
- Subjects
Activity recognition ,Analytics ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Trajectory ,Video content analysis ,Human group ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Motion (physics) ,Task (project management) - Abstract
Human activity recognition is an important and challenging task for video content analysis and understanding. Individual activity recognition has been well studied recently. However, recognizing the activities of human group with more than three people having complex interactions is still a formidable challenge. In this paper, a novel human group activity recognition method is proposed to deal with complex situation where there are multiple sub-groups. To characterize the inherent interactions of intra-subgroups and inter-subgroups with the varying number of participants, this paper proposes three types of group-activity descriptor using motion trajectory and appearance information of people. Experimental results on a public human group activity dataset demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.