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One of the best things you can do at the start of your scientific career is to find a mentor. A wise and caring mentor can mean the difference between wandering around aimlessly or striding purposefully down the path of academic life and beyond.

The following sections contain a formal description of the solution of the allocation problems in a simple model of a market economy. The analysis is first restricted to the case of an economy with private commodities on regular markets, which serves as a “benchmark”. Thereafter the investigations are extended to an economy which includes environmental or external effects. The formal model, which is adjusted to allow for special externalities, reveals the impact of environmental effects on the basic structure of the economy and the effects on the functioning of the market mechanism. The final section refers to public commodities and the public good characteristics of many environmental commodities.

This chapter develops the concept of digital imaginaries in order to examine collective visions of the Chinese nation state that are rooted in the promise of digital technologies and to highlight the crucial relationship between national imaginaries and everyday experiences of digital platforms in China. Drawing on thirteen months of fieldwork in Beijing, I explore the interplay between experiences of digital platforms, the narratives presented by technology companies and government discourses on digitization. To explore this interplay, the chapter focuses on the Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba as an important intermediary between Chinese citizens and the government. Alibaba’s self-proclaimed mission to digitally connect and provide opportunities to all Chinese echoes and gives purchase to the Chinese government’s claim that digital technologies can and have unified the socially, ethnically, economically and regionally fragmented space of the nation state. It also provides Chinese citizens with the experience of participating in Chinese modernity. Because of its double function, Alibaba plays a key role in connecting Chinese citizens’ experiences of digital participation to the digital imaginaries of a unified nation state.

While leadership is often seen as what leaders do, more recent work in this area acknowledges that leadership is a process of interaction between different actors (i.e., leaders and followers) and the environment. This notion of a process of interaction leads straight to the question of what shapes this interaction. Why do leaders behave the way they do? Why do followers react the way they do? One way of looking into this question is to turn to implicit leadership theories. Implicit leadership theories (ILTs) are everyday theories that individuals hold about leaders in general (or ideal leaders). They are mental representations of leaders and influence how an individual acts toward leaders or as leaders based on these cognitive representations. These cognitive representations are similar to stereotypes, in that they are stored in memory and will be activated when the person meets an individual whose characteristics and behavior matches their implici ...

Economic capital is necessary to establish a profitable business. Natural capital is necessary to establish a sustainable farm. Natural capital consists of energy stored in the biomass of living systems and the information stored in the interactions between species.

Knowing the size of the workforce in any specialty and understanding the number of years it takes to produce a specialist makes the difference between future shortages or surpluses. While studies on the cardiothoracic workforce at country level are somewhat available in the Western hemisphere not much is known, other than shortages are abundant, about the current size of the global cardiothoracic surgery workforce, particularly in low and middle income countries. While this ambitious attempt to catalogue our global workforce suffers the same limitations as its sources, it will hopefully shine a light on the need to a more robust and accurate specialty database. Beyond the relative shortcomings of this study, our results undoubtedly point at the overall global shortage of surgeons in each branch of our respective sub-specialties (Adult Cardiac, Thoracic and Congenital), but most importantly, it confirms vast inequities on the global distribution of our workforce.

The article is devoted to artificial intelligence technologies in the field of taxation, which are used by participants of tax relations, in particular tax consultants and experts in the field of economics and finance. Digital technologies became particularly relevant with the digitalization of tax administration processes in the world and in Russia. In particular, the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation provides more than 50 interactive services. This article reviews some trends in the artificial intelligence development and its application in the Russian tax system. Tax consultants and experts follow modern trends and use automated programs and products of tax authorities in their work, as communication between tax authorities and taxpayers is often built through electronic document flow. This requires the presence of special competencies in the field of digital technologies from all participants in tax relations. The article describes the main problems faced by tax consultants, experts and consumers of their services in the conditions of the global digitalization of the economy.

The application of IC technologies in all branches of the economy and society is becoming more common, including agriculture. Beekeeping, as a part of agriculture, strives for maximum yield per each hive, therefore it requires the different software solutions. This paper describes a software solution that allows recording and monitoring of all hive yields with different control procedures over a period of time. These solutions can be used simultaneously to promote and sell bee products.

The paper investigates the requirements to check rails of railroad switches (turnouts). Railroad switches of the most commonly used structures with rigid frogs always involve check rails. Check rails not attached to running rails allow performing the adjustment of flangeways under operation, which thereby significantly increases the durability of structures involving check rails. The safety criterion is the first and key requirement, since check rails as part of turnouts ensure safe passage of a wheelset of a rolling stock through the section with a crossing frog. The second most important criterion is a dynamic-kinematic one. The third criterion pertains to the provision of robustness of check rails. All the aforementioned criteria represent the essential and adequate requirements that must serve as the basis for working out permissible rate of wear for check rails and determining the size of flangeways for them. For the purposes of examining the stress–strain state of check rails, the reasonability of a the experimental-calculation method was estimated, protector checkrails were considered and efficiency and drawbacks of their implementation were analyzed.

This chapter discusses the growing digitalization and increasing use of AI tools against the backdrop of geopolitical contestations between America and China, and asks questions about the likely impact of this tech war on Africa’s digital pathways. The chapter contends that African governments should strenuously safeguard their right to choose from the broadest possible range of foreign policy partners and technology options that suit their countries’ digital needs, including 5G networks, based on objective criteria that serve their development needs rather than the interests of foreign suppliers. Importantly, African countries need to build robust digital infrastructure and upgrade human capital if they want to integrate meaningfully in the global economy.

The scale of the global digital economy is huge, and in the future the process of economic integration will be dominated by knowledge-intensive technologies and IT industries. The world's largest international organisations and economic powers are actively responding to the trend of the digital economy by constantly suggesting and updating their policies and directions for the development of the digital economy. BRICS is a representative group of the largest emerging economies in the world?Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. These countries are actively developing the transition to a digital economy and improving national information and communication technology infrastructure. This study focuses on the strategy and policies for developing the digital economy in the BRICS countries. The aim of the study is to develop a set of strategies for international cooperation on the digital economy within the BRICS framework. The results of the study show the common features and differences in the digitalisation process of the BRICS countries, allowing for the development of comprehensive measures to support BRICS activities in this area. The practice-oriented recommendations consider such options as improvement of domestic development, maintenance of equitable multilateral dialogue, promotion of research on the BRICS digital economy and addressing non-traditional security issues in the development of the digital economy in the post-pandemic period.

The world is constantly changing on the wheels of technological advancements which demand human capital development and acquisition of relevant skills. Over the years, the world has witnessed three different revolutions and is currently in the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). The fourth industrial revolution has altered and is still altering how we live, learn, work, eat and communicate. In the world of works, this revolution greatly affects how products are imagined, manufactured, distributed, acquired, and consumed. The expectations from businesses, employees and society as a whole have taken a new turn. Ultimately, these changes are redefining job requirements. As a result, it becomes necessary to get familiar with the demands that come with the revolution for quick adaptability.

The article examines the success factors of an innovative-oriented company in future. It should be noted that the success in the company’s innovations today does not ensure the success in the development of innovations in future. To create innovations an innovator needs certain abilities and opportunities that he can realize in the situation he meets. The readiness and ability of the innovator to take new actions are formed until the moment of meeting with a non-standard situation or its solution. In this case a special role is played by the potential of the innovator and the potential of the organizational eco-system, which allows the innovator’s development and realization of his potential. The article also partially publishes the results of the research carried out at four large manufactories in Perm and the Perm Region, which are engaged in the production of high-tech products, and are in a state of innovation through the search and application of new technologies and the creation of an innovative product.

HighlightsWe need to highlight the climate approaches of ‘ordinary’ cities, not just the high-profile leaders. ‘Ordinary’ cities can catch up with the leaders, even if they have only limited resources.

Features of value added tax (VAT) taxation of construction companies are considered in the research. The authors examine the current tax legislation of Ukraine and some European Union countries. It is determined that development of the national economy in general and the construction industry in particular depends on many factors, including tax structures used by the state in the legal regulation of tax relations. Considerable attention is paid to tax benefits analysis of construction companies, including tax exemptions, application of preferential tax rates, reduction of the object of taxation, establishment of simplified taxes, etc. Direct and indirect taxation benefits of construction companies may be provided by the tax legislation. It is determined that any tax benefits stimulate the development of the construction industry. The purchasing power of citizens is declining, profits of construction companies are falling, and economic development is slowing down in conditions of coronavirus spread. Therefore, the state needs to support business, including construction. It is necessary to reduce the tax burden on construction companies by establishing tax benefits. Reducing the amount of VAT will have an effect of stabilization of the buyers’ purchasing power, improving the performance of construction companies. Ukraine should use EU countries experience; find alternative sources of revenue to the state budget—non-tax revenues, including investments in business and production. Stimulation of the construction industry is an important tool for the development of the state economy, which ensures the development of other sectors of the national economy.

The peculiarities of the existing models of cloud services provision and the possibilities of their usage for software development are investigated in this work . It is shown that SAP Cloud Platform is an enterprise cloud platform that allows companies to develop their applications, extensions, or add-ons for existing SAP products or create a hybrid IT landscape by integrating cloud solutions. The analysis of the limitations and services of SAP Cloud Platform, including DevOps methodology and CALMS framework is performed. The method of business application development in the Cloud Foundry environment of SAP Cloud Platform is presented.

This chapter presents a formal statement of the problem of interaction with heterogeneous agricultural robots, describes the developed model-algorithmic support for controlling the interaction of heterogeneous robotic systems during UAV service during group agricultural tasks.

The chapter provides an overview of the tasks of control technological and robotic operations in agricultural production. The relevance of the research on robotization of agriculture problem is justified by the possibility of improving the quality of fresh fruits and vegetables, reducing production costs, reducing the labor shortage through the development and implementation of agricultural robots. A classification of agricultural grippers, which are installed on robotic agricultural equipment and are used for weed control and harvesting, has been compiled. Also the tasks of directional weeds spraying and pruning of branches and leaves, in which manipulators are involved, are mentioned. Examples of existing research agricultural robots equipped with combined grippers according to the proposed classification, related to various types are given: vacuum gripper with a video camera for grabbing tomatoes, a six-fingered pneumatic gripper with a video camera, a two-fingered grip with pressure and collision sensors for picking apples, a three-fingered gripper with a video camera for citrus fruits, eggplant grippers and others. Also the relevance of the joint interaction of a group of heterogeneous ground-based and air robots was noted, when performing agricultural tasks in an autonomous mode.

Brain reading is an art of reading human brain where the bioengineers are the picasso in it. Brain wave is also a form of energy which is not used by humans for external purposes other than thinking. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology plays a vital role in the detection and estimation of brain patterns. The idea in this chapter is to analyse the uniqueness of human brain patterns and providing high level security based on various factors such as size, state of mind, and rate of waves. This framework eliminates the rate of fraud tolerance which is quite common in other security recognition systems. This chapter propose an algorithm called algo mixture model in deep learning for the implementation of providing security via human brain.

Since the late 1950s there has been a shift in postal automation in the United States. In this paper, we examine the effects of postal automation in the U.S. and focus on the major innovations that have been implemented to increase productivity and decrease labor costs. From the beginning of the New Field Theory approach to image processing technologies, we focus on the role of Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Similarly, we also discuss how other countries, such as India, China, and Japan, have executed postal automation. With rising concerns about automation and the effect it could have on the labor market, we examine what lies ahead in the future for postal automation.

In this paper, we present the results from a case study on an annual extra-curricular summer camp, in which participants (n = 126) engaged in STEM and Computational Thinking activities, facilitated through the usage of the micro:bit microcontroller platform. The camp was a reengineered version of an annual summer camp held by Teknologiskolen; a Danish non-profit organisation offering weekly classes in technology. The focus of the reengineering was to increase the number of girls participating in the camp. This was attempted by creating a girls-only team, which employed highly contextualised projects and had an emphasis on using everyday materials, like cardboard, paint and glue. The result was a significant increase in the number of participating girls and on their attitude towards technology, which at the end of the camp, matched that of the boys. Based on the results, we argue that the girls-only team was the main reason for the higher number of participating girls, while the change in attitude was due to the highly contextualised projects and selection of materials.

The scientific paper includes the original constructive solutions provided for the development of Industry 4.0 in Romania.

Academic mentoring provides guided discussion and fosters mentee reflection on individual educational and career path issues. Mentors usually are experienced, senior academics that informally help young researchers to tread the stony path of academia without personal agenda or compensation. Academic mentoring can range from activities providing assistance to overcome a single, specific problem to a long-term relationship of guidance. In this chapter, the concept and process of academic mentoring is explained.

For any tax administration, its objectives or targets should be defined in a vision statement. The vision may exhort staff productivity and customer satisfaction, while articulating a revenue strategy and minimising the tax gap. For example, should a young tax administration focus on developing traditional tools for enhancing revenue, rather than sharpening precision instruments for lowering tax evasion? The objective cannot be merely to collect revenue but its effect on equity and allocative efficiency may be equally, if not more, important. A menu of specific, measurable objectives and key performance indicators (KPIs) needs to be in place for the different branches of the administration while specifying the likely consequences for over- or underperformance. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on a tax administration’s integrated structure, customers and people or staff. It elaborates on governance, management, information generation, customer focus, taxpayer services, dedicated staff for services delivery, e-access to customers, e-filing, pre-filled tax returns, administrative effectiveness and customer surveys, erroneous objectives, tax gap as an appropriate criterion, cutting off any nexus between tax officer and taxpayer, preventive and punitive vigilance and cross-country advances.

This article gives insight into management of water infrastructure with the application of space technology. The article also outlines the involvement of South Africa in space-related matters. The three pillars of space technology, namely, satellite communication; satellite-aided position, timing, and navigation; and Earth observation, are outlined. Preparation of the workforce for the swift changes in the space technology sector is discussed. The barriers to business in the space technology sector are outlined. A brief discussion of Africa’s difficulties as a global space technology player and the resistance of some African states are provided. The number of satellites for African states, years launched, the country of ownership, and progress and performance made by African states within the space industry to date are presented. Within this context, an outline of the application and benefits of space technology to water infrastructure is given.

Agriculture has a crucial role to play in the overall growth of an agricultural nation. In our country, around 70% of the population are dependent on irrigation, while about one-third of the country’s revenue is derived from agriculture. The situation pertaining to farming has always been an obstacle in a country’s growth. The agricultural sector is boosting with the introduction of information and communication technology in this sector. Efforts are being made to enrich productivity and to decrement the cost of expenditure by utilizing the state-of-the-art technology and equipment. A feasible solution to this issue is smart agriculture by revolutionizing present-day conventional techniques of farming. To enhance effectiveness, productivity, and world market and to reduce manual labor, latency, and expenses, there is a necessity to divert toward the Internet of Things which will be gaining popularity in the coming years’ time. IoT is the network of interconnected devices to transfer the sensed data without human involvement. Hence, to achieve high productivity, IoT in synergy with agriculture will provide smart farming. Our study in this chapter deals with various issues and scope of IoT technology in the agricultural domain. Various challenges concerning smart agriculture are presented in this chapter. Later a smart IoT-based architectural system model is illustrated and discussed in detail. Its implementation with its benefits is also presented with clarity.

Automation and robotization in agriculture can reduce the amount of manual labor and increase yields and product quality. To perform tasks on agricultural land, the robot needs to move on open ground and cover significant distances. Thus, the main structural part of the agricultural robot is an autonomous mobile platform on which various functional equipment is installed. The rapid development of agricultural robotics makes it urgent to develop multifunctional platforms for applications in this area. To select the optimal kinematic scheme of the future robotic platform, it is necessary to analyze the existing solutions in this area and draw conclusions about the advantages and disadvantages of various options. This work is aimed at the search and selection of kinematic schemes for basic robotic platforms, the use of which is planned on agricultural land and in greenhouse complexes. The paper analyzes the design solutions and propellers used by the authors of research works and projects in the field of agricultural robotics. Based on the analysis, the most suitable kinematic schemes of mobile platforms were selected for this area, their properties and principles of operation were considered.

People are fascinated with new technological advances in the medical, science, and education disciplines. There are thousands of breakthroughs in each discipline in combination with technology. The famous Moore’s law of technology; that technology advances at a given rate is verified and proved over the past 48-years. This animation can be viewed at Visualizing Moore’s Law in Action (Visualizing Moore’s Law in Action (1971–2019) – https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-moores-law-in-action-1971-2019/?fbclid=IwAR3BokAmQjdhdBkKjHmLducV3x9Et11i8g05cCJc27mP_lWC4sCtFdt7JIQ).

This paper investigates how text-mining approaches and acceptance research can contribute to niche development. Niches are embedded in social contexts. The study assumes that socially acceptable niche development requires a deeper understanding of the niche object’s social perspectives. The study investigates Internet discourses as marketplaces of social opinion-making with an acceptance-mining approach. It focuses on two niche technologies (solid state transformers, charging infrastructures for electric cars) differing in their niche maturity. The findings reveal that Internet discourses offer valuable input for niche development in socially acceptable directions, e.g., expectations (integration of the technology into public life; nurturing), ideas for empowerment (market conditions), and selection processes considered to be relevant for opening the niche to the mass market. Acceptance mining allows access to actor perspectives on novel technologies and embedding contexts.

Platforms have disrupted several business sectors and daily life in general. Platforms facilitate collaboration between different partners, which leads to the emergence of an ecosystem. During recent years, both research fields platforms and ecosystems have made significant progress. Since the terminologies originate from different backgrounds and are put into play in various sectors, a certain vagueness surrounds platforms and ecosystems. The present paper, therefore, adds to academia by providing an ontology – an abstraction of a real-world phenomenon – for platform ecosystems. The ontology comprises concepts from the platforms, business ecosystems, and platform ecosystems domains. The evaluation with three real-world platform ecosystems from different industries verifies that the platform-ecosystem-specific requirements were met in the ontology.

Workplace innovation and its relevance to health, well-being and prosperity continues to be a positive response to the challenging features of our time. Following a brief review of existing research on the application of design thinking, we focus on its contributions to workplace innovation. This chapter proposes that design thinking or human-centred design and its focus on creating more desirable futures captures the imagination, energy and human ingenuity to stimulate, nurture and shape new ways of thinking and working, delivering collaborative new improved solutions across multiple organisational contexts and enabling workplace innovation.

The chapter addresses the digital landscape in China. China has succeeded over the past twenty years in articulating and implementing a strategic vision of a powerful national system of innovation. This system has begun to yield significant technological results in the digital transformation fields. The contribution also lists various reasons as to the dramatic growth of digital fields inside China-including protectionism precluding US companies from penetrating the Chinese market, and the resulting preponderant influence of China due to its enormous population. Several examples of future possible application domains, such as driverless cars and smart cities, are considered. It must be recognized that China has been able to run its own digital world, responding to its innovatory and entrepreneurial growth needs. Important impediments to the development of Chinese digital potential externally are discussed in the final section.

The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to the discourse on changing workplaces in the knowledge economy, by focusing specifically on the rise of mobile and multi-locational knowledge work (workplace mobility). Drawing from the experiences of 25 knowledge workers based in Kitchener, Cambridge and Waterloo, Ontario in Canada (also known as Silicon Valley North), in this chapter we show that these new ways of working affect not only the use of different spaces for work, but also how workspaces—and office-based work—are being defined. This will affect how workplaces are studied, understood, and planned for. Finally, by exploring changes in work location that were underway prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, these findings also provide some insight into how workplaces are likely to look once the pandemic is resolved.

The paper argues that the competitiveness of the Russian industry depends on the ability to create such an institutional structure that could assist Russian companies in their pursuit of constant innovation and the search for such mechanisms for using new knowledge and technologies to improve production and management processes. The authors analyze the construction of an innovative infrastructure as a prerequisite for the development of an innovative economy. A powerful national innovation system is a necessary condition of the effective innovation infrastructure. The authors identify and discuss three types of national innovation system, and they also analyze the leading mechanisms for increasing the competitiveness of the Russian economy through building an effective national innovation system.

Regarding the problem of low customer satisfaction of agricultural products, difficulties in managing agricultural product supply chains, and low trust in the business entities of each link in the agricultural product supply chain, the efficiency of the agricultural product supply chain is not high. Based on the advantages of blockchain technology, the agricultural product supply chain is optimized and reconstructed. The operation mechanism of agricultural product supply chain under blockchain technology, and the development path of agricultural product supply chain under current blockchain technology is analyzed.

The rapid development of new media technology has brought a new perspective to the entrepreneurship and innovation education of colleges, and how to make full use of new media technology for entrepreneurship and innovation education is a problem that universities need to think seriously. Starting from the connotation and connection of new media and university entrepreneurship and innovation education, it summarizes the current research situation of university entrepreneurship and innovation education in the new media environment in China, and combines the characteristics of new media to discuss the current opportunities and challenges facing China’s university entrepreneurship and innovation education under the path of entrepreneurship and innovation education in universities.

The article discusses the main prerequisites and reasons for the qualitative changes in labor relations in the conditions of the digital economy, namely: the nature of labor resources, the degree of labor mobility, labor potential, and working conditions. The article examines and analyzes what caused the emergence and use of the global Internet in the labor market, as well as the impact of the digitalization of the world economy, its globalization and internationalization on the labor market. The model of functioning of telework which visually shows how the process of telework is formed is constructed, the interested parties included in activity on telework, resources necessary for development of model and results which can be expected in the general, short-term and long-term period after the model is realized are designated. The transformation of the modern labor market and labor relations has led to many contradictions (legal, ethical), but also to a number of advantages, which are identified and analyzed in the article. In conclusion, the author analyzed the current state of the labor market and labor resources in Russia.

During the first decade of the new millennium, there were attempts made to integrate women more fully into the mainstream of the practice of medicine. The factors that influenced women’s decisions to pursue academic careers versus private practice positions are reviewed, as are the more over-arching issues of women’s confidence and self-advocacy. Some of the initiatives developed to advance women’s careers were aimed at improving women’s skills through mentoring and leadership and negotiation training; others were institution-based programs designed to promote women’s career advancement as the inequities between men and women physicians became more visible and harder to ignore. The issue of the “gender pay gap” is examined in detail, as are the programs developed to address it.

This volume explores the governance and management of science, technology, and innovation (STI) in relation to innovation policy and governance systems, highlighting its goal, challenges, and opportunities. Divided into two sections, it addresses the role of governments in promoting innovation in Latin-American contexts as well as barriers and opportunities for STI governance in the region. The chapters tackle the role of institutions, innovation funding, technological trajectories, regional innovation policies, innovation ecosystems, universities, knowledge appropriation, and markets. Researchers and scholars will find an opportunity to grasp a better understanding of innovation policies in emerging economies. This interdisciplinary work presents original research on science, technology and innovation policy and governance studies in an understudied region.

Today’s large enterprises run on a wide variety of independent applications, data sources, and infrastructure which is either disconnected or tied together using point-to-point integration or integration using middleware technologies. With the focus on Move to Cloud many new applications are hosted on Public cloud while many legacy applications, for a variety of compliance and security reasons, are still hosted on On-premises data centers or in private cloud across different networks/firewalls. In recent years, Hybrid cloud is a promising paradigm in cloud computing space. It provides seamless integration between on-prem, private and public cloud services and applications. There are many advantages to move to a hybrid cloud as compared to the existing middleware network. Migration to hybrid is as simple as ‘a lift and shift’, provided, the applications are containerized and cloud-ready. The native non-cloud applications can still use the benefit of hybrid cloud by replacing legacy middleware tools and achieving a point-to-point integration with hybrid cloud clusters. In this article, we explore the current middleware landscape with it’s associated pitfalls and compare it with the Hybrid Cloud approach. Additionally, this article will cover a brief introduction about Redhat OpenShift, a hybrid cloud product from IBM.

Existing retail internationalization research, which has been theorized for innovative retail internationalization originating in developed countries, is insufficient for explaining the internationalization behavior of retailers originating in emerging countries, which have relatively fewer competitive advantages. Therefore, this study suggests new analytical concepts and future research directions for analyzing the internationalization behavior of retailers from developing countries entering China. This study adopted the value network concept for retailers and proposed the retail value network concept as a retailer-specific commercial transaction network to analyze ethnic Chinese retailers from developing countries. This study also suggests the need for studies on how the ethnic Chinese business network affects the formation of the retail value network as an avenue for future research.

The labor market modeling makes it possible to objectively assess its current state and development trends, as well as to make sound management decisions in the field of employment and efficient use of human resources in rural areas. On the basis of the offered mathematical model of the labor market the following is possible: creation of information base and system of labor market monitoring; determination of various parameters of the labor market; providing interested services with information for analysis and forecasting of labor market conditions and trends; analysis of labor consumers; identification of the most desirable professionals in demand; analysis of labor distribution and redistribution in terms of further use in the economy; analysis of the existing system of employment incentives for the employment policy formation; forecasting the labor market, number of jobs and their needs, as well as the level and structure of employment of the population and its migration.

In recent past years, global luxury fashion brands have increasingly focused on social media marketing (SMM) to effectively compete in the Chinese luxury consumer market. Consequently, SMM in the Chinese market is attracting increasing interest from scholars in luxury fashion marketing. The highly diversified Chinese luxury customers have shown different shopping attitudes as well as mode of experiencing luxury shopping, mainly in the online marketplace; this implies that a new way of conceiving business operations for luxury fashion brands and a central role for the Chinese consumer is needed. The Chinese online marketplace seems to be a key phenomenon for luxury and fashion; academia has not sufficiently analysed its different components specific to the Chinese geographical context. As a result, this chapter, after reviewing the main conceptual studies in the field of online marketing in the Chinese luxury and fashion context, will try to provide an emerging research agenda related to the specificities of online Chinese luxury fashion channels for future empirical studies in the field.

The gradual change in innovation processes poses the problem in the process of managing the regional economy. Obsolescence of tools when new challenges arise increases the level of riskiness and uncertainty of the innovative development of the regional economy. The issue forms the relevance of the research topic. The research topic is related to the use of effective models for managing the innovative development of the regional economy. The purpose of the research is to consider the models for managing the innovative development of the regional economy. The objectives of the study are to consideration of the process of managing innovative development, to highlighting approaches to managing the innovative development of the regional economy, to the formation of models for managing the innovative development of the regional economy, to the presentation of a competent model for managing the innovative development of the regional economy. Research methods include the theoretical setting method, the formulation method, the simulation framework method, the data grouping method.

Reasoning-and-proving competency is indispensable for not only doing mathematics but also for solving real-world problems. In order to gain insights into the changing trend of reasoning-and-proving competency in the Chinese mathematics curriculum, the mathematics curricular programmatic documents for junior secondary education in mainland China since 1923 were selected and reviewed. From the content analysis and the review of historical documents, we found that reasoning has always been one of the most important goals of the mathematics curriculum. Moreover, we divided the development of mathematical reasoning-and-proving competency in the Chinese mathematical curriculum into four stages and revealed the pendulum phenomenon between plausible reasoning and deductive reasoning over the past 100 years. Reflecting on the development of reasoning in the Chinese mathematical curriculum, we may need to seek a balance between plausible reasoning and deductive reasoning in mathematical curriculum.

In almost 25 years as a Theatre Consultant, I have had the honor to contribute to the design of over 500 performance spaces.

In the first chapter, I present an overview of the physical commodities traded globally, the various categories and commodities within agricultural, metal, and energy commodities. The importance of global commodities. A little history about the birth of global commodities exchanges. And updated historical prices and quantities, the behavior of the prices of different commodities to shocks, crises, and emergencies such as COVID-19.

The area of interest is private–public partnerships and digital ecosystems. This is framed with ecosystem literature and system theory. The research question is: How to support exponential growth leveraged by digital disruptive technologies through selecting, combining, and cultivating digital ecosystems within the digital disruptive domain? And more practical, how to orchestrate the innovation managers of these ecosystems? The point of departure for identifying digital ecosystems is a Startup Genome report mapping Denmark’s position in the global startup ecosystem lifecycle. Though action research the contribution of this early stage research-in-progress is a digital ecosphere canvas illuminating a private–public partnership’s contributions to the Danish ecosystems of fin-tech, health-tech, robotics, crea-tech, prop-tech, agro-tech, and ed-tech. This is exemplified with the private–public partnership Digital Hub Denmark.

The paper focuses on the relevance of the development of digital technologies in agriculture, and in particular, in agricultural holdings. The main features of agricultural holdings are presented. The possibilities of the digital transformation of accounting and control functions in agricultural holdings are determined using the example of one of the largest agricultural holdings in the Volgograd Region—the agricultural holding “Helio-Paks.” The features of interaction in an agricultural holding were studied, taking into account territorial remoteness, economic, organizational, personnel, and financial heterogeneity, diversification of capital and assets, and the degree of motivation and responsibility. The simplification of the possibilities of digitalization due to the synergistic effect is considered. The authors described the advantages of the introduction and use of the “GeliopaxGeo” system for continuous monitoring of the state of crops in the agricultural holding. The application of the software 1C: Satellite Monitoring was studied. It is concluded that the “GeliopaxGeo” system and the 1C: Satellite Monitoring software used in the agricultural holding allow for continuous internal accounting and control, which, in turn, includes the collection and analysis of information on the current activities of the agricultural holding, and the adoption of management decisions aimed at increasing the efficiency of financial and economic activities of the agricultural holding.

This paper focuses on the possible composition and structure of digital platforms in agriculture. Industry software is given a special place to plan, organize, and manage agricultural activities to maximize the opportunities of the digital economy. At the same time, several consequences are formed for the agricultural sector and society as a whole. Understanding these risks is necessary to build an effective and secure digital future.