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Scholars of business have long studied how government politics, as one group of exogenous macro-level factors, can influence cross-border firm strategies. This chapter investigates Huawei’s business in the U.S. and its close ally, Canada. Adopting a case study approach, the authors review the disruption of Huawei’s business in the U.S. and how this country’s growing pressures, epitomized by the arrest of the company’s CFO in Vancouver, impacted Huawei’s strategy in Canada. In contrast to what the conventional wisdom may suggest, the arrest did not lead to a defensive strategy by Huawei and to this date, the company aggressively preserved its business in Canada. Adopting the perspectives of strategic resources and non-market capabilities, the authors discuss business-politics dynamics of multinationals from developing countries in sensitive industries such as IT.

Several studies have recently dealt with the exploitation of data obtained from transiting mobile objects. In this respect, we have formulated the hypothesis that the history of the routes taken by emergency vehicles can provide information that can be exploited in researches on the best itinerary for an intervention. Accordingly, this article proposes an approach for the prediction and evaluation of the speed of a journey based on the technique known as “plotter vehicle.” The latter is a dynamic mode with graph per interval retained from route calculation in our study.

We consider Hilbert’s sixth problem on the axiomatization of physics starting with a higher degree Heisenberg commutation relation involving the Dirac operator and the Feynman slash of scalar fields. The two sided version of the commutation relation in dimension 4 implies volume quantization and determines a noncommutative space which is a tensor product of continuous and discrete spaces. This noncommutative space predicts the full structure of a unified model of all particle interactions based on Pati-Salam symmetries or, as a special case, the Standard Model. We study implications of this quantization condition on Particle Physics, General Relativity, the cosmological constant and dark matter. We demonstrate that, with little input, noncommutative geometry gives a compelling and attractive picture about the nature and structure of space-time.

Cloud Computing is emerging as the new trending technology for storing, sharing and processing data. Smart home is one of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications that is following this trend. However, sensors and smart devices are generating data that may reveal personal information about home inhabitants. Therefore, outsourcing sensed data from smart home to the cloud is raising serious privacy concerns. In particular, when untrusted third party cloud services are accessing personal identifiable information (PII) beyond their collection purpose. One privacy preserving approach consists of encrypting the data, before it is outsourced to the cloud, according to user settings. In this paper, we target preserving data privacy of smart home inhabitants. For this purpose, we proposed an architecture integrating attribute based encryption (ABE) schemes to the Smart Home Middleware ‘Openhab’. To evaluate our framework, we conducted experiments to measure the performances and the overheads introduced by the proposed privacy preserving solution.

In this chapter, we explore the area of model transformation presented as part of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) framework. In particular, we describe the main MDA layers and recall the main benefits of using the MDA approach. Afterwards, we provide an overview of the different kinds of MDA transformations as well as the different applications of model transformations. Finally, we study the most important model transformation languages and tools.

In this chapter, we present the design and implementation of the proposed security weaving framework. We start by providing a high-level overview that summarizes the main steps and the technologies that are followed to implement the weaving framework. Afterwards, we present the details of each weaving step. The proposed weaver is implemented as a model-to-model (M2M) transformation using the OMG standard Query/View/Transformation (QVT) language. In addition, it covers all the diagrams that are supported by our approach, i.e., class diagrams, state machine diagrams, activity diagrams, and sequence diagrams. For each diagram, we provide algorithms that implement its corresponding weaving adaptations. Moreover, we present the transformation rules that implement each aspect adaptation rule.

In this chapter, we present the background related to security at the modeling level. We start by investigating security specification approaches for UML design: (1) using UML artifacts, (2) extending UML meta-language, and (3) creating a new meta-language. Afterwards, we evaluate the usability of these approaches for security specification according to a set of defined criteria. Finally, we overview the main design mechanisms that are adopted for security hardening at the modeling level. These are security design patterns, mechanism-directed meta-languages, and aspect-oriented modeling.

In this chapter, we present an overview of the main Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) models. Additionally, we discuss the appropriateness of these AOP models from a security perspective. Moreover, we present the main constructs of the pointcut-advice model that is adopted in our framework. Finally, we introduce the main concepts of Aspect-Oriented Modeling (AOM).

In this chapter, we elaborate a denotational semantics for aspect matching and weaving in Executable UML (xUML). More precisely, we specify xUML models using the standard Action Language for Foundational UML (Alf). As we did in the previous chapter, we start by formalizing the matching and the weaving processes for basic pointcuts. Then, we elaborate the semantics for the dataflow pointcut, which is relevant from a security perspective.

In this chapter, we present formal specifications for aspect matching and weaving in UML activity diagrams. We formalize both types of adaptations, i.e., add adaptations and remove adaptations. For the join point model, we consider not only executable nodes, i.e., action nodes, but also various control nodes. In addition, we derive algorithms for matching and weaving based on the semantic rules. Finally, we prove the correctness and the completeness of these algorithms with respect to the proposed semantics.

In this chapter, we present the AOM profile proposed for the specification of security aspects on UML design models. The proposed profile covers the main UML diagrams that are used in software design, i.e., class diagrams, state machine diagrams, sequence diagrams, and activity diagrams. In addition, it covers most common AOP adaptations, i.e., adding new elements before, after, or around specific points, and removing existing elements. Moreover, we present a high-level and user-friendly pointcut language proposed to designate the locations where aspect adaptations should be injected into base models.

In this chapter, we present a denotational semantics for aspect matching and weaving in lambda-calculus. The proposed semantics is based on the so-called Continuation-Passing Style (CPS) since this style of semantics provides a precise, accurate, and elegant description of aspect-oriented mechanisms. We first formalize semantics for a core language based on lambda-calculus. Afterwards, we extend the semantics by considering flow-based pointcuts, such as control flow and data flow that are important from a security perspective.