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1. Nine Generations of Selection for High and Low Nicotine Intake in Outbred Sprague-Dawley Rats

Author

Sakire Pogun, Lutfiye Kanit, Ming D. Li, Tanseli Nesil, and Ege Üniversitesi

Subjects
Male, Nicotine, Physiology, Biology, Breeding, Rats sprague dawley, Article, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Realized heritability, Genetics, medicine, Sprague dawley rats, Animals, Selection, Genetics (clinical), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), Extramural, Tobacco Use Disorder, Heritability, Rats, Sprague dawley, Disease Models, Animal, Rat, Female, Animal studies, medicine.drug
Abstract

WOS: 000323737700007, PubMed ID: 23912820, Previous animal studies have revealed significant involvement of genetics in nicotine intake; however, the extent of the genetic contribution to this behavior has not been well addressed. We report the first study of nine generations of selection for high and low voluntary nicotine intake in outbred Sprague-Dawley rats. Bidirectional mass selection resulted in progressively greater nicotine consumption in the high nicotine-preferring line but no decrease in nicotine intake in the low nicotine-preferring line across generations. Our estimated realized heritability for high voluntary nicotine intake is 0.26 vs close to zero for low voluntary nicotine intake. In contrast, we found no differences between the lines across generations for saccharine intake. These selected lines may provide useful animal models for identifying susceptibility and resistance genes and variants for controlling voluntary nicotine intake in rodents, although we recognize that more generations of selection of these two lines and independent replication of our selection for high and low nicotine-preferring lines are needed., Ege UniversityEge University [001 BAM 2006]; National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [DA-012844], We are grateful to Dr. Gonca Mola, Merve Evren, and Tuna Nesil and Muzeyyen Ugur for their assistance in data collection and to Professor Qin Zhang of China Agricultural University for calculating inbreeding coefficients for the study. The animal-related study was funded by the Ege University Research Fund (Grant 001 BAM 2006). The analysis of data and preparation of this report were supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant DA-012844 to MDL.

Published
2013

2. Nicotine Psychopharmacology

Author

Jack E. Henningfield, Edythe London, Sakire Pogun, Jack E. Henningfield, Edythe London, and Sakire Pogun

Subjects
Psychology, Medical personnel, Heterocyclic compounds, Mental illness, Methodology, Pharmacology, Psychopharmacology, Nicotine, Nicotine--Physiological effect, Alkaloids, Physical sciences, Diseases, Life sciences, Pyridine
Abstract

The fact that tobacco ingestion can affect how people feel and think has been known for millennia, placing the plant among those used spiritually, honori?cally, and habitually (Corti 1931; Wilbert 1987). However, the conclusion that nicotine - counted for many of these psychopharmacological effects did not emerge until the nineteenth century (Langley 1905). This was elegantly described by Lewin in 1931 as follows: “The decisive factor in the effects of tobacco, desired or undesired, is nicotine... ”(Lewin 1998). The use of nicotine as a pharmacological probe to und- stand physiological functioning at the dawn of the twentieth century was a landmark in the birth of modern neuropharmacology (Limbird 2004; Halliwell 2007), and led the pioneering researcher John Langley to conclude that there must exist some “- ceptive substance” to explain the diverse actions of various substances, including nicotine, when applied to muscle tissue (Langley 1905). Research on tobacco and nicotine progressed throughout the twentieth century, but much of this was from a general pharmacological and toxicological rather than a psychopharmacological perspective (Larson et al. 1961). There was some attention to the effects related to addiction, such as euphoria (Johnston 1941), tolerance (Lewin 1931), and withdrawal (Finnegan et al. 1945), but outside of research supported by the tobacco industry, addiction and psychopharmacology were not major foci for research (Slade et al. 1995; Hurt and Robertson 1998; Henning?eld et al. 2006; Henning?eld and Hartel 1999; Larson et al. 1961).

Published
2009

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