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Background: Laparoscopic right anterior sectionectomy (LRAS) remains a technically demanding procedure as it requires two transection planes where the middle and right hepatic veins run; however, the main difficulty is locating these two planes 1-3 . The aim of this video was to show the technique of an LRAS performed with a transparenchymal glissonean pedicle approach and guided by indocyanine green (ICG) staining., Methods: This was the case of an 80-year-old man with a history of hemochromatosis and normal liver function. He was diagnosed with a 6 cm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located at segment 8, close to the right anterior pedicle., Results: The technique consisted of parenchymal transection along the main portal fissure along the right border of the middle hepatic vein. Opening the liver facilitated access to the right anterior glissonean pedicle and selective transparenchymal clamping. A negative-stain ICG test permitted to demarcate the transection line along the right lateral portal fissure. The parenchymal transection was carried out in a caudal approach, along two perfectly marked planes, preserving the middle and right hepatic veins. The duration of the procedure was 200 min and blood loss was 300 mL. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day., Conclusion: Guidance during resection, and protection of the right posterior pedicle and right hepatic vein are the key points of the LRAS. The glissonean approach and the ICG imaging technology are of great help in resolving these difficulties., (© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.)

Background: In the era of innovating minimal invasive surgery, laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy (RLPS) is considered a technically challenging procedure for its deeply anatomic location. 1,2 Performed by experienced surgeons, it has been shown to be a safe and feasible procedure. 3-6 The purpose of this video was to show the technique of a RLPS., Methods: This is the case of a 70-year-old man who was treated for a mid-rectum adenocarcinoma with two synchronous liver metastases located in the posterior sector of the right liver. Tumor board decision was chemoradiotherapy followed by a simultaneous rectal and hepatic surgery., Results: An extrahepatic Glissonian approach of the right posterior pedicle was performed. After selective clamping of the right posterior pedicle and injection of indocyanine green, the right portal fissure between the two sectors of the right liver appeared. The parenchymal transection performed in a caudal approach, along a perfectly marked plane. One metastasis was in contact with the right hepatic vein. Because R1 vascular surgery has demonstrated similar oncological outcomes to R0 resection, we detached the metastasis from the vein to preserve a good venous drainage of the remaining right liver. 7 The procedure was completed with a laparoscopic anterior resection of the rectum. The duration of the liver resection was 200 min, and blood loss was 300 ml. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative Day 10., Conclusions: Laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy is a safe and feasible procedure. 3-6 However, it is technically challenging and requires advanced experience in liver and laparoscopic surgery. 5,6 ., (© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.)

Background: Surgical resection remains the best therapeutic option for the long-term survival of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCC).1 For patients presenting with Bismuth type 3 or 4 tumors, left or right extended liver resection has been shown to be feasible.2 The Achilles heel of the procedure remains biliary reconstruction due to multiple small-diameter remnant liver bile ducts.3 This study showed how a Kasai-like portoenterostomy allows circumvention of this difficulty., Methods: A 57-year-old woman with a type 3a PCC invading the main portal vein bifurcation underwent a right hepatectomy with en bloc resection of segment 4b, the caudate lobe, and the extrahepatic common bile duct; hepatic pedicle lymphadenectomy; and main portal vein bifurcation reconstruction.4 The cross-section of the left biliary plate was tumor-free at frozen section analysis but involved three small biliary ducts originating from segments 2, 3, and 4a. The biliary plate and the distance between each duct were too large to allow unification. A Roux-en-Y portoenterostomy, inspired by the Kasai procedure,5 was performed between the umbilical plate and the extramucosal wall of an efferent Roux-en-Y jejunal limb. Two temporary external trans-portoenterostomy drains were placed according to the Voelker technique., Results: The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 8. The two trans-portoenterostomy drains were removed after 6 weeks, and patient was disease-free at the 2-year follow-up evaluation., Conclusions: In extended PCC, Kasai-like portoenterostomy may facilitate complex biliodigestive reconstructions when multiple biliary ducts are involved., (© 2021. Society of Surgical Oncology.)

Background: Vascular leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors arising from vessel smooth muscle cells. They represent only 2% of soft tissue sarcomas and most commonly (50%) originate from the inferior vena cava.1-3 Portal vein LMS are very rare, and their resection combines en bloc negative margin sarcoma surgery principles and complex liver surgery procedures with vascular reconstructions.3-5 METHODS: This is the case of a 42-year-old female presenting with a moderate cholestasis. Imaging revealed a 3-cm tumor originating from the main portal vein and its right branch while being in contact with both the right hepatic artery and biliary confluence. No metastases were identified. Core needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis and tumor board decision was surgical resection., Results: The procedure included anatomic right hepatectomy with en bloc resection of the portal vein bifurcation, common bile duct, and biliary confluence. Portal venous reconstruction was performed using an autogenous external iliac vein interposition graft, while biliary reconstruction was performed via a Roux-en-Y end-to-side hepatico-jejunostomy. Duration of surgery was 300 min, and blood loss was 300 ml. Postoperative outcomes were uneventful and patient was discharged on postoperative day 8 with a transient right limb edema. Pathology confirmed R0 resection of a T1N0M0 leiomyosarcoma, Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC) grade 2 tumor. Patient was free of disease at 20 months post-surgery., Conclusions: Portal vein leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare. En bloc extensive surgical resection should be proposed to obtain R0 resection, and achieve prolonged survival.4,6,7.

Background: As defined by Couinaud et al. and Takasaki et al., the dorsal sector (DS) or caudate area is the portion of liver parenchyma located between the retrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) and the main hepatic veins confluence.1,2 Its complete resection, usually approached by right- or left-sided liver parenchymotomy, remains technically challenging.3,4 Moreover, these approaches usually fail to properly expose the middle (paracaval portion) and most cranial portion (i.e. behind the hepatic vein confluence) of the DS.5 METHODS: We report the case of a 50-year-old woman presenting with a unique metachronous hepatic metastasis of a colorectal adenocarcinoma. The 40-mm lesion was located behind the confluence of the three main hepatic veins, in front of the IVC, and extended caudally behind the hepatic hilum, thereby occupying the paracaval portion of the DS. The tumor board decision was surgical resection., Results: The procedure included complete anatomic resection of the DS using an anterior transhepatic approach by opening the liver midplane along the Cantlie line. A well-tolerated continuous pedicle and IVC clamping of 30 min was used. The duration of the surgery was 120 min, and the blood loss was 200 mL. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 5. R0 resection was achieved and the patient was free of disease at 1 year post-surgery., Conclusion: Anatomic resection of the DS using a transparenchymal anterior approach is a safe and feasible procedure especially suitable for voluminous tumors. It allows the control of all major vascular structures narrowing the lesion, and facilitates an R0 resection.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with tumor extension in the portal vein, hepatic vein, or inferior vena cava (IVC) is traditionally considered an advanced stage of disease to which palliative radiotherapy or sorafenib chemotherapy is proposed. 1,2 Recent studies have shown a significant survival benefit in patients treated with R0 liver resection. 3-5 METHODS: We describe the case of a 45-year-old female patient presenting with a voluminous HCC developed in a non-cirrhotic liver with a tumor thrombus obstructing the retrohepatic IVC and the middle hepatic vein termination. Initial treatment included two cycles of selective internal radiation therapy with Yttrium 90 and sorafenib treatment for 1 year. Re-evaluation revealed a significant reduction of the tumor and compensative hypertrophy of the left liver lobe, enabling surgical resection., Results: The procedure included anatomic right hepatic trisectionectomy with caudate lobectomy and retrohepatic IVC graft replacement. Total liver vascular exclusion with intrapericardial IVC control enabled en bloc R0 resection of the tumor and the floating tumor thrombus in the cavo-hepatic venous confluence. Total liver vascular exclusion duration was 20 min, for a total warm liver ischemia of 40 min. The duration of the operation was 240 min and blood loss was 700 mL. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 15 and was free of disease 6 months post-surgery., Conclusion: Liver surgery with complex vascular resections for HCC with major vascular invasion should be considered a valid therapeutic option in high-volume hepatobiliary centers.