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This book introduces the Vienna Simulator Suite for 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)-compatible Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) simulators and presents applications to demonstrate their uses for describing, designing, and optimizing wireless cellular LTE-A networks.Part One addresses LTE and LTE-A link level techniques. As there has been high demand for the downlink (DL) simulator, it constitutes the central focus of the majority of the chapters. This part of the book reports on relevant highlights, including single-user (SU), multi-user (MU) and single-input-single-output (SISO) as well as multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions. Furthermore, it summarizes the optimal pilot pattern for high-speed communications as well as different synchronization issues. One chapter is devoted to experiments that show how the link level simulator can provide input to a testbed. This section also uses measurements to present and validate fundamental results on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmissions that are not limited to LTE-A. One chapter exclusively deals with the newest tool, the uplink (UL) link level simulator, and presents cutting-edge results.In turn, Part Two focuses on system-level simulations. From early on, system-level simulations have been in high demand, as people are naturally seeking answers when scenarios with numerous base stations and hundreds of users are investigated. This part not only explains how mathematical abstraction can be employed to speed up simulations by several hundred times without sacrificing precision, but also illustrates new theories on how to abstract large urban heterogeneous networks with indoor small cells. It also reports on advanced applications such as train and car transmissions to demonstrate the tools'capabilities.

This book focus on Long Term Evolution (LTE) and beyond. The chapters describe different aspects of research and development in LTE, LTE-Advanced (4G systems) and LTE-450 MHz such as telecommunications regulatory framework, voice over LTE, link adaptation, power control, interference mitigation mechanisms, performance evaluation for different types of antennas, cognitive mesh network, integration of LTE network and satellite, test environment, power amplifiers and so on. It is useful for researchers in the field of mobile communications.

This book explores the transformative potential of 5G technology in delivering high-speed broadband services through wireless means, particularly targeting underserved and rural areas. The book covers several key topics, including high-frequency spectrum bands, advanced transmission schemes, multi-connectivity, adaptive numerology, and Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB). These elements are critical for enhancing network performance, increasing capacity, and reducing latency. High-frequency spectrum bands, such as those above 24 GHz, are essential for providing the necessary bandwidth to support high data rates and capacity. The book explains how these bands, while offering unprecedented peak rates, present challenges such as limited coverage and penetration, which are addressed through advanced technical solutions. Advanced transmission schemes, including massive beamforming and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, are explored in detail. These technologies enable the efficient use of the spectrum by allowing multiple user terminals to be served simultaneously on the same frequency resources, thereby increasing the overall network capacity and improving user experiences. Multi-connectivity and adaptive numerology are also key topics. Multi-connectivity allows user equipment to connect to multiple network nodes simultaneously, improving reliability and performance. Adaptive numerology, defined in 3GPP Release 15, supports a flexible range of subcarrier spacing to cater to different services, quality of service requirements, latency needs, and frequency ranges. IAB is another significant topic covered in the book. IAB leverages the same spectrum for both access and backhaul, simplifying deployment and reducing costs. By using the 5G infrastructure to support backhaul, it eliminates the need for extensive fiber installations, making it easier to extend high-speed connectivity to remote and rural areas. These topics are crucial as they collectively address the limitations of traditional wired infrastructure, which is often costly and time-consuming to deploy in rural and hard-to-reach areas. By leveraging 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), the book sets out to solve the problem of the digital divide, aiming to make high-speed internet more accessible and affordable. The relevance of these solutions is underscored by the growing global demand for reliable, high-speed internet access. As the book outlines, 5G FWA not only enhances broadband services but also plays a pivotal role in bridging the digital divide, ensuring that more people, regardless of their location, can benefit from the advancements in internet technology. This makes'5G FWA'an essential read for understanding the future of broadband connectivity and the strategic approaches needed to overcome deployment challenges. This book is intended to be a definitive guide for professionals, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in understanding the nuances and implications of this transformative technology.

In an effort to overcome the spectral efficiency loss and high latency by half-duplex (HD), full-duplex (FD) has attracted extensive attention in industry and academia. With signal transmitted and received simultaneously over the same frequency, FD can approximately double the SE over HD. More than that, by enabling the capability of simultaneous transmission-and-reception for communication nodes, full duplex (FD) is a key enabler for many 5G techniques, including but not limited to integrated sensing and communication, low-latency relaying, concurrent bi-directional uplink and downlink transmission, ect. Nevertheless, in FD communications, both transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) chains are activated for exchanging data, and additional power is triggered by self-interference cancellation. As FD requires much higher power consumption than that of half duplex (HD), it is against the green evolution requirement proposed by the future communication systems. To address the critical high-power challenge in applying FD communications, this book will introduce the fundamentals and algorithm designs for energy-efficient FD design. This book will first discuss the principle of energy-efficient communications, which aims to make a good balance between communication performance and system energy consumption. Then, this book will discuss different self-interference cancellation schemes, including passive suppression, analogue cancellation and digital cancellation for FD communications, from the prospective of energy efficiency. Subsequently, this book will present some edge-cutting energy efficiency-oriented FD solutions, including adaptive transmission power adaptation, wireless power transfer FD relaying, bi-directional FD distributed antenna systems, from the perspective of algorithm design and performance analysis.

This textbook provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of mobile communications and networking from the birth of cellular networks to the forthcoming sixth-generation mobile communications, which is envisioned to be commercially deployed first in 2030. New students who are coming to wireless communications/electrical engineering/computer networking/telecommunications and network engineering can benefit from this book by quickly grasping the whole history of cellular networks, understanding its trends. This tutorial styled textbook provides a comprehensive overview, but also provides details of the system design aspects of the various cellular generations up to 6G and how they build on each other. The book also gives the student an overview of different cellular generations'motivations, core technologies, architecture, key performance indicators, killer applications, market drivers, and the general/main features of each. The authors capture the big picture and fundamental drivers of wireless communication technologies, and then motivate students to understand the importance of learning related subjects such as electromagnetics theory, antenna design, analog and digital circuits, signal processing, Internet protocols, artificial intelligence, etc. The book features homework questions and case studies throughout.

This book provides insights in the field of free-space optical (FSO) communication, which is considered the next frontier for future-generation, broadband wireless networks. The authors discuss various factors limiting practical implementations of the mixed radio frequency/free-space optical (RF/FSO) relaying technology, to determine the impact of important parameters on the performance of mixed RF/FSO relaying systems. The book presents the various generalized channel models that can be adopted to model RF and FSO link statistics. Further, it presents the modeling of amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) forms of cooperative relaying schemes. This book enables readers to understand the various mitigation techniques that can be utilized in mixed RF/FSO relaying in order to improve the overall user experience. The authors discuss the importance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the field of wireless optical communication systems. Finally, the optical wireless channel modeling using both CNN and LSTM model is explored with their potential to enhance the accuracy and reliability of channel estimation.

This book introduces 6G enabled healthcare systems and helps readers understand state-of-the-art techniques and applications for future healthcare systems. Readers will be able to obtain a background knowledge about AI, wireless systems, implementation methods, and applications, enabling the upcoming migration from 5G to 6G for supporting mission-critical healthcare applications.

This book initially delves into its fundamentals to initiate the exploration of online incentive mechanisms in wireless communications. Three case studies are provided to elaborate details on designing online mechanism design in practical system. For crowdsensing with random task arrivals, this book introduces a linear online incentive mechanism model with insurance of the quality of information for each incoming task. In the context of edge computing systems, the authors model a nonlinear online incentive mechanism with the consideration of mobile users'energy budget constraints. It also explores online incentive mechanism for collaborative task offloading in mobile edge computing to achieve on-arrival instant responses. This book not only disseminates current knowledge but also sheds light on future research directions. The design of incentive mechanisms in wireless communication systems is of paramount importance as it encourages dormant terminals within networks to contribute their valuable resources. The consideration of randomness of network processes enhances the mechanism design under online settings and decision making on the fly. This book endeavours to bridge existing knowledge gaps by comprehensively presenting and developing fundamental insights into online incentive mechanisms and their design methods in the realm of wireless communications. It's one of the first books to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles of online incentive mechanisms and their intricately designed methods in the dynamic world of wireless communications. Future research directions include an investigation in the evolving domain of online incentive mechanism designs within wireless communications. This book strikes a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical application, making it a valuable resource for both researchers and practitioners in the field of wireless communications and network economics. Advanced-level students majoring in computer science and/or electrical engineering will want to purchase this book as a study guide.

This book teaches readers how wireless networks work, why some of their properties impact wireless network performance at the application level, and what both network engineers and application developers can do to cope with these challenges. Internet users increasingly rely on wireless access links for diverse tasks such as web browsing, video conferencing, interactive games, and data sharing. Irrespective of how they access the Internet, they expect good performance and a high quality of experience. Unfortunately, wireless access networks are much more challenging to build than wired networks. In wired networks, signals used for communication are contained in a carefully engineered transmission medium. In contrast, wireless signals travel in our physical environment, where the presence of obstacles, interference, and mobility can affect communication. In addition, network performance can differ significantly across physical environments. As a result, the performance of wireless links is often lower and less predictable than that of wired links. The author structured the book according to the layers in the Internet protocol stack, similar to traditional network books. However, rather than presenting a general description of each layer, the focus is on wireless networks and how they differ from wired networks.

This book discusses the architecture of future wireless networks, reliable communications between different nodes, and energy-efficient resource allocations for achieving sustainable wireless communications. To meet the increasing demands of wireless communication networks and achieve sustainable wireless communications, various promising technologies in this book have been investigated and developed. This book is to present cutting-edge research results on achieving sustainable wireless communications.In particular, the sustainable ultra-dense heterogeneous networks and the sustainability issues of non-orthogonal multiple access are investigated, the performances of cooperative networks with space-time network coding under different scenarios are evaluated, the dynamic estimation for a unified laser telemetry, tracking, and command system is discussed, and the energy-efficient resource allocation schemes are developed for future wireless communication networks. Webelieve that the results in this book can provide useful insights for the design of future wireless communication networks and achieving sustainable wireless communications. Graduate students, researchers, and engineers in the field of wireless communications can benefit from the book.

This book provides, at a high level and in a tractable fashion, a description of how wireless communications are achieved in the latest smartphones. The author shows how smartphones communicate via three separate systems, namely 5G NR, Wi-Fi 6, and Bluetooth Low Energy 5. He explains how 5G NR allows mobile voice and high-speed data communication, how Wi-Fi allows smartphone attachment to the Internet independent of 5G NR, and how Bluetooth allows smartphone attachment to speakers, in-car entertainment systems, smart watches, etc. This text explains the key basic technologies employed and then addresses how each system operates. This book is of interest to anyone with a rudimentary scientific understanding who desires to know more at an intuitive level rather than rigorous one how smartphones achieve wireless communications.

This book first presents a systematic theoretical study of wireless localization techniques. Then, guided by the theoretical results, the authors provide design approaches for improving the performance of localization systems and making the deployment of the systems more convenient. The book aims to address the following issues: how reliable the wireless localization system can be; how the system can scale up with the number of users to be served; how to make key design decisions in implementing the system; and how to mitigate human efforts in deploying the wireless localization system. The book is relevant for researchers, academics, and students interested in wireless localization technology.

This book focuses on the design, management, and cybersecurity of connected and autonomous vehicles under the umbrella of the Internet of Vehicles. Both principles and engineering practice are covered, from the design perspectives of communication, computing, and perception to ITS management. An in-depth study of a range of topics such as microscopic traffic behavior modeling and simulation, localization, V2X communication, cooperative cloud-edge computing, and multi-sensor fusion for perception has been presented, while novel enabling technologies such as RIS and blockchain are introduced. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of intelligent transport systems, telecommunications, cybersecurity, and autonomous driving.

Over the past few years, the demand for data traffic has experienced explosive growth thanks to the increasing need to stay online. New applications of communications, such as wearable devices, autonomous systems, drones, and the Internet of Things (IoT), continue to emerge and generate even more data traffic with vastly different performance requirements. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to stay online has become even more crucial, as most of the fields, would they be industrial, educational, economic, or service-oriented, had to go online as best as they can. As the data traffic is expected to continuously strain the capacity of future communication networks, these networks need to evolve consistently in order to keep up with the growth of data traffic. Thus, more intelligent processing, operation, and optimization will be needed for tomorrow's communication networks. The Sixth Generation (6G) technology is latest approach for mobile systems or edge devices in terms of reduce traffic congestions, energy consumption blending with IoT devices applications. The 6G network works beyond the 5G (B5G), where we can use various platforms as an application e.g. fog computing enabled IoT networks, Intelligent techniques for SDN network, 6G enabled healthcare industry, energy aware location management. Still this technology must resolve few challenges like security, IoT enabled trust network.This book will focus on the use of AI/ML-based techniques to solve issues related to 6G enabled networks, their layers, as well as their applications. It will be a collection of original contributions regarding state-of-the-art AI/ML-based solutions for signal detection, channel modeling, resource optimization, routing protocol design, transport layer optimization, user/application behavior prediction 6G enabled software-defined networking, congestion control, communication network optimization, security, and anomaly detection. The proposed editedbook emphasis on the 6G network blended with Fog-IoT networks to introduce its applications and future perspectives that helps the researcher to apply this technique in their domain and it may also helpful to resolve the challenges and future opportunities with 6G networks.

This book focuses on the receiver design issue in high spectral efficiency communication systems, which is one of the main research directions in beyond 5G and 6G era. In particular, this book studies two technologies to improve the spectral efficiency, i.e., FTN signaling which transmits more data information in the same time period and NOMA scheme which supports more users with the same resource elements. Different commonly used channel propagation conditions are considered, and advanced signal processing algorithms have been developed for designing receivers, which is suitable for low-complexity receiver design in engineering practice. Moreover, this book discusses possible solutions to further increase spectral efficiency and propose practical receivers in such scenarios. It benefits researchers, engineers, and students in the fields of wireless communications and signal processing.

The new edition of this popular textbook keeps its structure, introducing the advanced topics of: (i) wireless communications, (ii) free-space optical (FSO) communications, (iii) indoor optical wireless (IR) communications, and (iv) fiber-optics communications, but thoroughly updates the content for new technologies and practical applications. The author presents fundamental concepts, such as propagation principles, modulation formats, channel coding, diversity principles, MIMO signal processing, multicarrier modulation, equalization, adaptive modulation and coding, detection principles, and software defined transmission, first describing them and then following up with a detailed look at each particular system. The book is self-contained and structured to provide straightforward guidance to readers looking to capture fundamentals and gain theoretical and practical knowledge about wireless communications, free-space optical communications, and fiber-optics communications, all whichcan be readily applied in studies, research, and practical applications. The textbook is intended for an upper undergraduate or graduate level courses in fiber-optics communication, wireless communication, and free-space optical communication problems, an appendix with all background material needed, and homework problems. In the second edition, in addition to the existing chapters being updated and problems being inserted, one new chapter has been added, related to the physical-layer security thus covering both security and reliability issues. New material on 5G and 6G technologies has been added in corresponding chapters.

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) revolution has triggered the need of massive connectivity for billions of devices requiring a system capacity which is far beyond the current network designs that can be supported. This emerging requirement has reshaped the society and industry in pursuing efficient communication paradigm. In particular, massive machine-type communications (mMTC) will be a prime driver for enabling the vision of scalable IoT with heterogeneous applications, where the massive access is of paramount importance. This book discusses important massive IoT scenarios and the key technical requirements of the corresponding massive access. We review the state-of-the-art IoT standards and mMTC solutions, and summarize the limitations of the existing schemes from the perspectives of the network architecture, random access procedure, and multiple access techniques. Here, we specify the massive access challenges and reveal that the facilitation of MTC invokes a dramatically different access scheme from current ones mainly designed for human-centric communications. Moreover, we propose several promising massive access solutions to overcome the limitations, where sufficient theoretical model and algorithm design guidance are provided. Besides, detailed simulation and engineering implementation methods are also included.

This book provides an intuitive and accessible introduction to the fundamentals of wireless communications and their tremendous impact on nearly every aspect of our lives. The author starts with basic information on physics and mathematics and then expands on it, helping readers understand fundamental concepts of RF systems and how they are designed. Covering diverse topics in wireless communication systems, including cellular and personal devices, satellite and space communication networks, telecommunication regulation, standardization and safety, the book combines theory and practice using problems from industry, and includes examples of day-to-day work in the field. It is divided into two parts – basic (fundamentals) and advanced (elected topics). Drawing on the author's extensive training and industry experience in standards, public safety and regulations, the book includes information on what checks and balances are used by wireless engineers around the globe and address questionsconcerning safety, reliability and long-term operation. A full suite of classroom information is included.

This book comprises selected papers presented at the International Conference on Wireless Communication (ICWiCOM 2021), which is organized by the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, D. J. Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India, during October 8–9, 2021. The book focuses on specific topics of wireless communication, like signal and image processing applicable to wireless domains, networking, microwave and antenna design, and telemedicine systems. Covering three main areas – Antenna Design, Networking & Signal Processing, Embedded Systems and Internet of Things (IoT) – it is a valuable resource for postgraduate and doctoral students.

This book is a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing (ICRTC 2021) held at SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ghaziabad, Delhi, India, during 4 – 5 June 2021. The book discusses a wide variety of industrial, engineering and scientific applications of the emerging techniques. The book presents original works from researchers from academic and industry in the field of networking, security, big data and the Internet of things.

This book describes the fundamentals of THz communications, spanning the whole range of applications, propagation and channel models, RF transceiver technology, antennas, baseband techniques, and networking interfaces. The requested data rate in wireless communications will soon reach from 100 Gbit/s up to 1 Tbps necessitating systems with ultra-high bandwidths of several 10s of GHz which are available only above 200 GHz. In the last decade, research at these frequency bands has made significant progress, enabling mature experimental demonstrations of so-called THz communications, which are thus expected to play a vital role in future wireless networks. In addition to chapters by leading experts on the theory, modeling, and implementation of THz communication technology, the book also features the latest experimental results and addresses standardization and regulatory aspects. This book will be of interest to both academic researchers and engineers in the telecommunications industry.

This book gathers key advances in various areas related to using wireless Internet and wireless connectivity to achieve a more connected world.The world is now highly dependent on Internet connectivity. Even though some parts of the globe remain isolated, the smoothly running world all around us relies on Internet services for countless businesses and activities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen that exclusively relying on wired Internet would leave out a large part of our tech-savvy world. Hence, wireless connectivity is essential to anywhere, anytime connectivity. Further, in the event of a new pandemic or other disaster of global scale, wireless Internet offers a reliable way to keep us all connected. The contributors to this book, hailing from academia, industrial and research laboratories, report on the latest solutions, trends and technologies with the potential to make wireless Internet more reliable and secure for the years to come.

This book is a collection of research articles presented at the 4th International Conference on Communications and Cyber-Physical Engineering (ICCCE 2021), held on April 9 and 10, 2021, at CMR Engineering College, Hyderabad, India. ICCCE is one of the most prestigious conferences conceptualized in the field of networking and communication technology offering in-depth information on the latest developments in voice, data, image, and multimedia. Discussing the latest developments in voice and data communication engineering, cyber-physical systems, network science, communication software, image, and multimedia processing research and applications, as well as communication technologies and other related technologies, it includes contributions from both academia and industry. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, research scholars, and PG students working to formulate their research ideas and find the future directions in these areas. Further, it may serve as a reference work to understand the latest engineering and technologies used by practicing engineers in the field of communication engineering.

This book presents the design requirements of antenna integration for modern commercial devices such as smartphones, dongles, and access points. Practical use-case scenarios of smartphone and the design process of the antenna system for the same are highlighted. The feasibility of scaling up sub-6GHz to mmWave antennas is also discussed in detail followed by a plethora of design examples which could be panel mounted to modern-day commercial smartphones. The unique requirement of gain switchability is introduced with feasible practical antenna designs. High efficiency antennas for 5G base stations is introduced along with a design example on planar all-metallic antenna. Beam switchability requirement for base station is illustrated with a couple of compact antenna system examples. Variety of feeding techniques for mmWave antennas is elaborated in this book. Finally, low-cost antenna designs for future wireless devices are illustrated.​

To provide ubiquitous and various services, 6G networks tend to be more comprehensive and multidimensional by integrating current terrestrial networks with space-/air-based information networks and marine information networks; then, heterogeneous network resources, as well as different types of users and data, will be also integrated. Driven by the exponentially growing demands of multimedia data traffic and computation-heavy applications, 6G heterogenous networks are expected to achieve a high QoS with ultra-reliability and low latency. In response, resource allocation has been considered an important factor that can improve 6G performance directly by configuring heterogeneous communication, computing and caching resources effectively and efficiently. The book addresses a range of technical issues in cooperative resource allocation and information sharing for the future 6G heterogenous networks, from the terrestrial ultra-dense networks and space-based networks to the integrated satellite-terrestrial networks, as well as introducing the effects of cooperative behavior among mobile users on increasing capacity, trustworthiness and privacy. For the cooperative transmission in heterogeneous networks, the authors commence with the traffic offloading problems in terrestrial ultra-dense networks, and the cognitive and cooperative mechanisms in heterogeneous space-based networks, the stability analysis of which is also provided. Moreover, for the cooperative transmission in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks, the authors present a pair of dynamic and adaptive resource allocation strategies for traffic offloading, cooperative beamforming and traffic prediction based cooperative transmission. Later, the authors discuss the cooperative computation and caching resource allocation in heterogeneous networks, with the highlight of providing our current studies on the game theory, auction theory and deep reinforcement learning based approaches. Meanwhile, theauthors introduce the cooperative resource and information sharing among users, in which capacity oriented-, trustworthiness oriented-, and privacy oriented cooperative mechanisms are investigated. Finally, the conclusion is drawn.

This book comprises the proceedings of the International Conference on VLSI & Microwave and Wireless Technologies (ICVMWT-2021). The book includes peer-reviewed papers on the core technological developments in emerging fields like wireless communication, RF microwave/radar, VLSI, optical communication, etc. The book will serve as a valuable reference resource for academics and researchers across the globe.

Relying on unmanned autonomous flight control programs, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with radio communication devices have been actively developed around the world. Given their low cost, flexible maneuvering and unmanned operation, UAVs have been widely used in both civilian operations and military missions, including environmental monitoring, emergency communications, express distribution, even military surveillance and attacks, for example. Given that a range of standards and protocols used in terrestrial wireless networks are not applicable to UAV networks, and that some practical constraints such as battery power and no-fly zone hinder the maneuverability capability of a single UAV, we need to explore advanced communication and networking theories and methods for the sake of supporting future ultra-reliable and low-latency applications. Typically, the full potential of UAV network's functionalities can be tapped with the aid of the cooperation of multiple drones relying on their ad hoc networking, in-network communications and coordinated control. Furthermore, some swarm intelligence models and algorithms conceived for dynamic negotiation, path programming, formation flight and task assignment of multiple cooperative drones are also beneficial in terms of extending UAV's functionalities and coverage, as well as of increasing their efficiency. We call the networking and cooperation of multiple drones as the terminology ‘flying ad hoc network (FANET)', and there indeed are numerous new challenges to be overcome before the idespread of so-called heterogeneous FANETs. In this book, we examine a range of technical issues in FANETs, from physical-layer channel modeling to MAC-layer resource allocation, while also introducing readers to UAV aided mobile edge computing techniques.

This book reports on the latest advances from both industry and academia on ubiquitous intelligence and how it is enabled by 5G/6G communication technologies. The authors cover network protocol and architecture design, machine learning and artificial intelligence, coordinated control and digital twins technologies, and security and privacy enhancement for ubiquitous intelligence. The authors include recent studies of performance analysis and enhancement of the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems, edge computing, and cyber twins, all of which provide importance guidance and theoretical tools for developing future ubiquitous intelligence. The content of the book will be of interest to students, educators, and researchers in academia, industry, and research laboratories.Provides comprehensive coverage of enabling communications, computing, and control technologies for ubiquitous intelligence;Presents a novel paradigm of ubiquitous intelligence powered by broadband communications, computing, and control;Includes a review of 5G/6G communication technologies, network protocol and architecture design, and ubiquitous computing.

This book contributes to the body of scholarly knowledge by exploring the main ideas of wireless networks of past, present, and future, trends in the field of networking, the capabilities of 5G and technologies that are potential enablers of 6G, potential 6G applications and requirements, as well as unique challenges and opportunities that 6G research is going to offer over the next decade. It covers research topics such as communication via millimeter-waves, terahertz waves and visible light to enable faster speeds, as well as research into achieving other basic requirements of 6G networks. These include low end-to-end latency, high energy efficiency, coverage that is ubiquitous and always-on, integration of terrestrial wireless with non-terrestrial networks, network management that is made more effective by connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities, as well as support for the evolution of old service classes and support for new ones.

Energy efficiency issues for green internet of things (IoT) are investigated in this book, from the perspectives of device-to-device (D2D) communications, machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, and air-ground networks. Specifically, critical green IoT techniques from D2D communications in the cellular network to M2M communications in industrial IoT (IIoT), (from single physical-layer optimization to cross-layer optimization, and from single-layer ground networks to stereoscopic air-ground networks) are discussed in both theoretical problem formulation and simulation result analysis in this book.Internet of Things (IoT) offers a platform that enables sensors and devices to connect seamlessly in an intelligent environment, thus providing intelligence services including monitoring systems, industrial automation, and ultimately smart cities. However, the huge potentials of IoT are constrained by high energy consumption, limited battery capacity, and the slow progress of battery technology. The high energy consumption of IoT device causes communication interruption, information loss, and short network lifetime. Moreover, once deployed, the batteries inside IoT devices cannot be replaced in time. Therefore, energy efficient resource allocation is urgent to be investigated to improve the energy efficiency of IoT, facilitate green IoT, and extend the network lifetime.This book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art key technologies, frameworks, related optimization algorithms, and corresponding integrated designs on green IoT. It also presents an easy-to-understand style in a professional manner, making the book suitable for a wider range of readers from students to professionals interested in the green IoT.

This book covers connectivity and edge computing solutions for representative Internet of Things (IoT) use cases, including industrial IoT, rural IoT, Internet of Vehicles (IoV), and mobile virtual reality (VR). Based on their unique characteristics and requirements, customized solutions are designed with targets such as supporting massive connections or seamless mobility and achieving low latency or high energy efficiency. Meanwhile, the book highlights the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in future IoT networks and showcases AI-based connectivity and edge computing solutions. The solutions presented in this book serve the overall purpose of facilitating an increasingly connected and intelligent world. The potential benefits of the solutions include increased productivity in factories, improved connectivity in rural areas, enhanced safety for vehicles, and enriched entertainment experiences for mobile users. Featuring state-of-the-art research in the IoT field, this book can help answer the question of how to connect billions of diverse devices and enable seamless data collection and processing in future IoT. The content also provides insights regarding the significance of customizing use case-specific solutions as well as approaches of using various AI methods to empower IoT. This book targets researchers and graduate students working in the areas of electrical engineering, computing engineering, and computer science as a secondary textbook or reference. Professionals in industry who work in the field of IoT will also find this book useful.

This book presents the fundamental concepts, recent advancements, and opportunities for future research in various key enabling technologies in next-generation wireless communications. The book serves as a comprehensive source of information in all areas of wireless communications with a particular emphasis on physical (PHY) layer techniques related to 5G wireless systems and beyond. In particular, this book focuses on different emerging techniques that can be adopted in 5G wireless networks. Some of those techniques include massive-MIMO, mm-Wave communications, spectrum sharing, device-to-device (D2D) and vehicular to anything (V2X) communications, radio-frequency (RF) based energy harvesting, and NOMA. Subsequent chapters cover the fundamentals and PHY layer design aspects of different techniques that can be useful for the readers to get familiar with the emerging technologies and their applications.

This book presents architectural solutions of wireless network and its variations. It basically deals with modeling, analysis, design and enhancement of different architectural parts of wireless network. The main aim of this book is to enhance the applications of wireless network by reducing and controlling its architectural issues. The book discusses efficiency and robustness of wireless network as a platform for communication and data transmission and also discusses some challenges and security issues such as limited hardware resources, unreliable communication, dynamic topology of some wireless networks, vulnerability and unsecure environment. This book is edited for users, academicians and researchers of wireless network. Broadly, topics include modeling of security enhancements, optimization model for network lifetime, modeling of aggregation systems and analyzing of troubleshooting techniques.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Automation, Signal Processing, Instrumentation and Control (i-CASIC) 2020. The book mainly focuses on emerging technologies in electrical systems, IoT-based instrumentation, advanced industrial automation, and advanced image and signal processing. It also includes studies on the analysis, design and implementation of instrumentation systems, and high-accuracy and energy-efficient controllers. The contents of this book will be useful for beginners, researchers as well as professionals interested in instrumentation and control, and other allied fields.

This book presents novel RIS-Based Smart Radio techniques, targeting at achieving high-quality channel links in cellular communications via design and optimization of the RIS construction. Unlike traditional antenna arrays, three unique characteristics of the RIS will be revealed in this book. First, the built-in programmable configuration of the RIS enables analog beamforming inherently without extra hardware or signal processing. Second, the incident signals can be controlled to partly reflect and partly transmit through the RIS simultaneously, adding more flexibility to signal transmission. Third, the RIS has no digital processing capability to actively send signals nor any radio frequency (RF) components. As such, it is necessary to develop novel channel estimation and communication protocols, design joint digital and RIS-based analog beamforming schemes and perform interference control via mixed reflection and transmission. This book also investigates how to integrate the RIS to legacy communication systems. RIS techniques are further investigated in this book (benefited from its ability to actively shape the propagation environment) to achieve two types of wireless applications, i.e., RF sensing and localization. The influence of the sensing objectives on the wireless signal propagation can be potentially recognized by the receivers, which are then utilized to identify the objectives in RF sensing. Unlike traditional sensing techniques, RIS-aided sensing can actively customize the wireless channels and generate a favorable massive number of independent paths interacting with the sensing objectives. It is desirable to design RIS-based sensing algorithms, and optimize RIS configurations. For the second application, i.e., RIS aided localization, an RIS is deployed between the access point (AP) and users. The AP can then analyze reflected signals from users via different RIS configurations to obtain accurate locations of users. However, this is a challenging task due to the dynamic user topology, as well as the mutual influence between multiple users and the RIS. Therefore, the operations of the RIS, the AP, and multiple users need to be carefully coordinated. A new RIS-based localization protocol for device cooperation and an RIS configuration optimization algorithm are also required. This book targets researchers and graduate-level students focusing on communications and networks. Signal processing engineers, computer and information scientists, applied mathematicians and statisticians, who work in RIS research and development will also find this book useful.

Distributed MIMO and cell-free mobile communication are emerging technologies of wireless communication. This book introduces the fundamental theory, key technology and the prototype system of distributed MIMO and cellular free mobile communication system, including the unified system model, capacity and spectral efficiency analysis under imperfect channel information, cell edge effect, optimal power allocation and energy efficiency optimization, cache optimization, low complexity wireless transmission technology and new network assisted full duplex technology. In addition, the implementation of software and hardware and test results of distributed MIMO and cell free system based on cloud architecture are introduced in detail.This book will benefit senior undergraduates, postgraduates, scholars and engineers who are engaged in wireless mobile communication research. It can also be used as a reference book for postgraduates and researchers in the field of electronic andinformation engineering.

This book presents reinforcement learning (RL) based solutions for user-centric online network selection optimization. The main content can be divided into three parts. The first part (chapter 2 and 3) focuses on how to learning the best network when QoE is revealed beyond QoS under the framework of multi-armed bandit (MAB). The second part (chapter 4 and 5) focuses on how to meet dynamic user demand in complex and uncertain heterogeneous wireless networks under the framework of markov decision process (MDP). The third part (chapter 6 and 7) focuses on how to meet heterogeneous user demand for multiple users inlarge-scale networks under the framework of game theory. Efficient RL algorithms with practical constraints and considerations are proposed to optimize QoE for realizing intelligent online network selection for future mobile networks. This book is intended as a reference resource for researchers and designers in resource management of 5G networks and beyond.

Wireless networking technologies are witnessed to become the integral part of industry, business, entertainment and daily life. Encyclopedia of Wireless Networks is expected to provide comprehensive references to key concepts of wireless networks, including research results of historical significance, areas of current interests, and growing directions in the future wireless networks. It can serve as a valuable and authoritative literature for students, researchers, engineers, and practitioners who need a quick reference to the subjects of wireless network technology and its relevant applications. Areas covered:5G Network | Editors: Rahim Tafazolli, Rose HuAd hoc Network | Editor: Cheng LiBig Data for Networking | Editor: Song GuoCellular Network, 2G/3G Network, 4G/LTE Network | Editor: Hsiao-hwa ChenCognitive Radio Network | Editor: Ning ZhangCooperative Communications | Editor: Kaoru OtaCyber Physical Systems | Editor: Shiyan HuData Center Network | Editor: Lei LeiDelay Tolerant and Opportunistic Network | Editor: Yuanguo BiEqualization, Synchronization and Channel Estimation | Editor: Yingying ChenFuture Network Architecture | Editor: Wei Quan Game Theory in Wireless Network | Editor: Dusit NiyatoInterference Characterization and Mitigation | Editor: Lin CaiInternet of Things | Editors: Xiuzhen Cheng, Wei ChengInternet of Things and its Applications | Editor: Phone LinInterworking Heterogeneous Wireless Network | Editor: Ping WangMedium Access Control | Editors: Hassan Omar, Qiang YeMillimeter-wave Communications | Editor: Ming XiaoMIMO-based Network | Editor: Prof. Wei ZhangMobility Management and Models | Editors: Sandra Cespedes, Sangheon PackMolecular, Biological and Multi-scale Communications | Editor: Adam NoelNetwork Economics and pricing | Editors: Jianwei Huang, Yuan LuoNetwork Forensics and surveillance, Fault Tolerance and Reliability | Editor: Hongwei LiNetwork Measurement and Virtualization | Editor: Yusheng JiQuality of Service, Quality of Experience and Quality of Protection | Editors: Rui Luis Aguiar, Yu ChengResource Allocation and Management | Editors: Junshan Zhang, Nan ChengRouting and Multi-cast, Router and Switch Design | Editor: Richard YuScaling Laws and Fundamental Limits | Editor: Ning LuSecurity, Privacy and Trust | Editor: Kui RenShort Range Communications, RFID and NFC | Editor: Zhiguo ShiSmart Grid Communications | Editor: Vincent W. S. WongVehicular Network | Editors: Lian Zhao, Qing YangVideo Streaming | Editor: Zhi LiuWireless Body Area Network and e-healthcare | Editor: Honggang WangWireless Security | Editors: Haojin Zhu, Jian ShenWireless Sensor Network | Editors: Jiming Chen, Ruilong DengWLAN and OFDM | Editor: Xianbin Wang

This book gathers selected papers presented at the Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies conference (ICICCT 2019), held on 29–30 April 2019 at Gnanamani College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India. The respective contributions highlight recent research efforts and advances in a new paradigm called ISMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud contexts). Topics covered include the Internet of Things, Social Networks, Mobile Communications, Big Data Analytics, Bio-inspired Computing and Cloud Computing. The book is chiefly intended for academics and practitioners working to resolve practical issues in this area.

This book assists readers with understanding the key aspects, problems and solutions related to the design of proper Multiple Access Schemes for MTC (Machine-Type Communications) and IoT applications in 5G-and-beyond wireless networks. An overview of MTC applications and their traffic features are also provided. In addition, it presents a comprehensive review of MTC access schemes including orthogonal multiple access schemes (OMA), non-orthogonal multiple access schemes (NOMA), massive MIMO-based schemes and fast uplink grant approaches. It also proposes efficient and reconfigurable access schemes deploying machine learning and optimization techniques to address the main requirements of MTC networks. This book discusses potential research directions to further enhance the performance of MTC access schemes.Machine-type communications are expected to account for the dominant share of the traffic in future wireless networks. While in traditional wireless networks, designed for human-type communications, the focus is on support of large packet sizes in downlink, machine-type communication systems deal with heavy uplink traffic. This is due to the nature of the tasks performed by machine-type communication devices, which is mainly reporting measured data or a detected event. Furthermore, in these networks, using the virtualization framework, the network infrastructure can be shared between different applications for which providing isolation is of high importance. To support these unique characteristics of machine-type communications, proper access schemes need to be developed, which is the focus of this book.This book benefits advanced-level students studying computer science and electrical engineering as a secondary textbook and researchers working in this field. Engineers and practitioners interested in the challenges and practical solutions of integrating MTC in the cloud radio access network of 5G-and-beyond cellular systems will want to purchase this book as well.

This book presents the selected peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks (ComNet) 2019. Highlighting the latest findings, ideas, developments and applications in all areas of advanced communication systems and networking, it covers a variety of topics, including next-generation wireless technologies such as 5G, new hardware platforms, antenna design, applications of artificial intelligence (AI), signal processing and optimization techniques. Given its scope, this book can be useful for beginners, researchers and professionals working in wireless communication and networks, and other allied fields.

This book focuses on the multidisciplinary state-of-the-art of full-duplex wireless communications and applications. Moreover, this book contributes with an overview of the fundamentals of full-duplex communications, and introduces the most recent advances in self-interference cancellation from antenna design to digital domain. Moreover, the reader will discover analytical and empirical models to deal with residual self-interference and to assess its effects in various scenarios and applications. Therefore, this is a highly informative and carefully presented book by the leading scientists in the area, providing a comprehensive overview of full-duplex technology from the perspective of various researchers, and research groups worldwide. This book is designed for researchers and professionals working in wireless communications and engineers willing to understand the challenges and solutions full-duplex communication so to implement a full-duplex system.

This book introduces the sources and historic collection campaigns of resource allocation in wireless communication systems. The unique characteristics of MIMO-OFDMA systems are thoroughly studied and summarized. Remarks on resource allocation and spectrum sharing are also presented, which demonstrate the great value of resource allocation techniques, but also introduce distinct challenges of resource allocation in MIMO-OFDMA systems. Novel resource allocation techniques for OFDMA Systems are surveyed from various applications (e.g., for unicast, or multicast with Guaranteed BER and Rate, subcarrier and power allocation with various detectors, low-complexity energyefficient resource allocation, etc.) in this book.Due to the high mobility and low latency requirements of 5G wireless communications, this book discusses how to deal with the imperfect CSI. It also discusses how to deal with e.g., throughput maximization, outage probabilities maximizationand guarantee, energy efficiency, physical-layer security issues with feedback channel capacity constraints, in order to characterize and understand the applications of practical scenes.This book will target professionals & researchers working in the fields of Wireless Communications and Networking, Resource Allocation and Transmissions. Advanced-level students in electrical engineering and computer science will also find this book useful as a secondary textbook.

This book focuses on mobile data and its applications in the wireless networks of the future. Several topics form the basis of discussion, from a mobile data mining platform for collecting mobile data, to mobile data processing, and mobile feature discovery. Usage of mobile data mining is addressed in the context of three applications: wireless communication optimization, applications of mobile data mining on the cellular networks of the future, and how mobile data shapes future cities. In the discussion of wireless communication optimization, both licensed and unlicensed spectra are exploited. Advanced topics include mobile offloading, resource sharing, user association, network selection and network coexistence. Mathematical tools, such as traditional convexappl/non-convex, stochastic processing and game theory are used to find objective solutions. Discussion of the applications of mobile data mining to cellular networks of the future includes topics such as green communication networks, 5G networks, and studies of the problems of cell zooming, power control, sleep/wake, and energy saving. The discussion of mobile data mining in the context of smart cities of the future covers applications in urban planning and environmental monitoring: the technologies of deep learning, neural networks, complex networks, and network embedded data mining. Mobile Data Mining and Applications will be of interest to wireless operators, companies, governments as well as interested end users.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of multiple access techniques used in the cellular industry. The usage of multiple access techniques in telecommunications enables many users to share the same spectrum in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain or phase domain. Licenses are given, by the FCC, to operate wireless communication systems over given bands of frequencies, with the smaller bands, (channels), reused to provide services to other users. Thus, bandwidth efficiency is vital, as the speed and size of digital data networks continue to expand. This brief also uses numerous illustrations to bring students up-to-date in the practical applications of multiple access techniques, which can then be put to work in the industry. Primarily, electrical engineering students who study telecommunications, as well as engineers and designers working in wireless communications, would find this book useful.

This book introduces readers to a reconfigurable chip architecture for future wireless communication systems, such as 5G and beyond. The proposed architecture perfectly meets the demands for future mobile communication solutions to support different standards, algorithms, and antenna sizes, and to accommodate the evolution of standards and algorithms. It employs massive MIMO detection algorithms, which combine the advantages of low complexity and high parallelism, and can fully meet the requirements for detection accuracy. Further, the architecture is implemented using ASIC, which offers high energy efficiency, high area efficiency and low detection error. After introducing massive MIMO detection algorithms and circuit architectures, the book describes the ASIC implementation for verifying the massive MIMO detection. In turn, it provides detailed information on the proposed reconfigurable architecture: the data path and configuration path for massive MIMO detection algorithms, including the processing unit, interconnections, storage mechanism, configuration information format, and configuration method.

This book investigates and reviews recent advanced techniques and important applications in vehicular communications and networking (VCN) from a novel perspective of the combination and integration of VCN and connected vehicles, which provides a significant scientific and technical support for future 5G-based VCN.5G-Enabled Vehicular Communications and Networking introduces vehicular channel characteristics, reviews current channel modeling approaches, and then provides a new generic geometry-based stochastic modeling approach for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. The investigation of vehicular channel measurements and modeling provides fundamental supports for the VCN system design. Then, this book investigates VCN-vehicle combination from PHY and MAC layers, respectively. As for the PHY layer, many advanced techniques that can be effectively applied in VCN to counter the PHY challenges are introduced, including novel ICI cancellation methods, index modulated OFDM, differential spatial modulation, and energy harvesting relaying. As for the MAC layer, distributed and centralized MAC designs are analyzed and compared in terms of feasibility and availability. Specifically, distributed congestion control, D2D-enabled vehicular communications, and centralized data dissemination scheduling are elaborated, which can significantly improve the network performance in vehicular networks. Finally, considering VCN-vehicle integration, this book introduces several hot-topic applications in vehicular networks, including electric vehicles, distributed data storage, unmanned aerial vehicles, and security and privacy, which indicates the significance and development value of VCN-vehicle integration in future vehicular networks and our daily life. The primary audience for this book includes professionals and researchers working in the field of vehicular communications, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and Internet of vehicles (IoV). Advanced level students studying electrical engineering will also find this book useful as a secondary textbook for related courses.

This book presents comprehensive coverage of current and emerging multiple access, random access, and waveform design techniques for 5G wireless networks and beyond. A definitive reference for researchers in these fields, the book describes recent research from academia, industry, and standardization bodies. The book is an all-encompassing treatment of these areas addressing orthogonal multiple access and waveform design, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) via power, code, and other domains, and orthogonal, non-orthogonal, and grant-free random access. The book builds its foundations on state of the art research papers, measurements, and experimental results from a variety of sources.

This book comprises selected peer-reviewed papers from the International Conference on VLSI, Signal Processing, Power Systems, Illumination and Lighting Control, Communication and Embedded Systems (VSPICE-2019). The contents are divided into five broad topics - VLSI and embedded systems, signal processing, power systems, illumination and control, and communication and networking. The book focuses on the latest innovations, trends, and challenges encountered in the different areas of electronics and communication, and electrical engineering. It also offers potential solutions and provides an insight into various emerging areas such as image fusion, bio-sensors, and underwater sensor networks. This book can prove to be useful for academics and professionals interested in the various sub-fields of electronics and communication engineering.

This book is a collection research papers and articles from the 2nd International Conference on Communications and Cyber-Physical Engineering (ICCCE – 2019), held in Pune, India in Feb 2019. Discussing the latest developments in voice and data communication engineering, cyber-physical systems, network science, communication software, image- and multimedia processing research and applications, as well as communication technologies and other related technologies, it includes contributions from both academia and industry.