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Author(s): Lesley Rees [sup.1] , Joseph Flynn [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.83440.3b, 0000000121901201, Pediatric Nephrology, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, , London, UK (2) grid.240741.4, [...]

Author(s): Lesley Rees [sup.1] , Michel Baum [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0004 0581 2008, grid.451052.7, Renal Office, Gt Ormond St Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, , WC1N 3JH, [...]

Author(s): Shigeru Saito[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, 371-8511, MaebashiJapan Management of cognition in anesthesiology From the time anesthesia was established [...]

Byline: Andrew S. Bondy (1) Full Title: Book Review Facilitated Communication Training. Rosemary Crossley. New York, Teachers College Press, 1994, 150 pp., $15.95 (paper). Communication Unbound: How Facilitated Communication is Challenging Traditional Views of Autism and Ability/Disability. Douglas Biklen. New York, Teachers College Press, 1993, 221 pp., $17.95 (paper). Facilitated Communication: The Clinical and Social Phenomenon. Howard Shane (Editor). San Diego, Singular Publishing Group, 1994, 323 pp. Author Affiliation: (1) Delaware Autistic Program, USA Article History: Registration Date: 22/09/2004

The recent introduction of new vaccines into the school-based immunization program in British Columbia (BC) included monitoring of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) for these new vaccines. This commentary discusses different methods used to collect AEFIs in school immunization campaigns and the effects on response rate. The results of a study using an internet-based tool inspired this paper. The study examined adverse events following human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine given to grades 6 and 9 students. The low response rate of the internet survey resulted in insufficient findings regarding adverse events. Consequent to the analysis of the study's data, a literature review was conducted to examine survey methodologies used to collect adverse event data following school-based immunization of adolescents. A PubMed search used various combinations of the following terms: vaccine, immunization, immunization programs, reactogenicity, adverse reactions, safety, adolescent, schoolchildren, and survey. Potentially relevant papers were identified based upon the titles and abstracts and subsequently reviewed. Only four studies were deemed appropriate for comparison purposes: all were done in Canada. Key words: Immunization; adolescent; data collection; adverse effects L'introduction recente de nouveaux vaccins dans le programme de vaccination en milieu scolaire de la Colombie-Britannique a compris la surveillance de leurs effets secondaires suivant l'immunisation (ESSI). Nous expliquons les differentes methodes employees pour recueillir les donnees sur les ESSI lors des campagnes de vaccination a l'ecole et leurs effets sur le taux de reponse. Notre commentaire s'inspire des resultats d'une etude ayant utilise un outil Internet. L'etude portait sur les effets secondaires de l'administration du vaccin contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH) a des eleves de la 6e a la 9e annee. En raison d'un faible taux de reponse au sondage en ligne, on a obtenu des resultats insuffisants sur les effets secondaires. Apres l'analyse des donnees de l'etude, nous avons mene une enquete bibliographique afin d'examiner les methodes de sondage utilisees pour recueillir des donnees sur les effets secondaires de vaccins administres en milieu scolaire a des adolescents. Nous avons fait une recherche dans PubMed en utilisant diverses combinaisons des termes vaccin, immunisation, programmes d'immunisation, reactogenicite, reactions indesirables, securite, adolescent, eleves et sondage. Les articles potentiellement pertinents ont ete identifies a partir de leurs titres et de leurs resumes, puis examines. Seules quatre etudes ont ete jugees utiles a des fins de comparaison; les quatre avaient ete menees au Canada. Mots cles : immunisation; adolescent; collecte de donnees; effets indesirables, The recent introduction of new vaccines into the school-based immunization program in BC included the monitoring of adverse events following immunization (AEFI). This was done to determine the rate and [...]

Author(s): Ernst VanBergeijk[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) New York Institute of Technology, Vocational Independence Program, 300 Carleton Avenue, Room 112 Independence Hall, 11722, Central Islip, NY, USA Face Value Comics harkens [...]

Author(s): Ernst VanBergeijk[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Vocational Independence Program, New York Institute of Technology, 300 Carleton Avenue, Room 112 Independence Hall, 11722, Central Islip, NY, USA In my mind is [...]

Author(s): Ernst VanBergeijk[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Vocational Independence Program, New York Institute of Technology, 300 Carleton Avenue, Room 112 Independence Hall, 11722, Central Islip, NY, USA Under a nom de [...]

Author(s): Ernst VanBergeijk[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Vocational Independence Program, New York Institute of Technology, 300 Carleton Avenue, Room 112 Independence Hall, 11722, Central Islip, NY, USA In the review of [...]

We would like to bring some issues relating to our recently published paper (1) to the attention of CJPH readers. The aim of this study was to look at treatment [...]

Byline: J. Finsterer (1) Author Affiliation: (1) 20, 1180, Wien, Austria Article History: Registration Date: 01/01/2005 Received Date: 18/12/2003 Accepted Date: 18/10/2004 Online Date: 11/03/2005

Research employing electroencephalography, electromyography, cardiac measures, magnetoencephalography, and electrodermal response offers key insights into the neural and physiological mechanisms underlying autistic impairments in social interaction, communication, and restricted and repetitive [...]

Byline: Jan S. Handleman (1) Author Affiliation: (1) Douglass Developmental Disabilities Center, Rutgers University, USA Article History: Registration Date: 14/10/2004

Purpose We studied neuromuscular block at the orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis muscles in anesthetized patients. Methods Fifty-four adult patients undergoing air-oxygen-sevoflurane-fentanyl and epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis groups of 18 patients each. In the three groups, the degree of neuromuscular block caused by rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was monitored at the orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis muscles acceleromyographically. Results Onset of neuromuscular block did not significantly differ among the three groups [157 ± 60, 186 ± 73, and 148 ± 45 s; mean ± standard deviation (SD)]. Minimum value of 1st stimulation in train-of-four (T1)/control at the corrugator supercilii group was significantly higher than in the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis groups (0.108 ± 0.066 vs. 0.021 ± 0.024 and 0.002 ± 0.007; P < 0.001). T1/control at the orbicularis oris group was significantly higher than at the adductor pollicis group 30 min after rocuronium (P < 0.05). T1/control at the corrugator supercilii group was significantly higher than at the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis groups 10-30 and 10-40 min, respectively, after rocuronium (P < 0.05). Train-of-four ratios at the orbicularis oris and corrugator supercilii groups were significantly higher than at the adductor pollicis group 40-120 min after rocuronium (P < 0.05). Conclusion The corrugator supercilii muscle is more resistant to rocuronium than the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis muscles. Recovery of neuromuscular block at the orbicularis oris muscle is slower than that at the corrugator supercilii muscle but was faster than that at the adductor pollicis muscle., Author(s): Yuhji Saitoh[sup.1] , Hiroshi Sashiyama[sup.2] , Tsutomu Oshima[sup.3] , Yoshinori Nakata[sup.4] , Jiro Sato[sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Yachiyo Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 477-96 Owada-Shinden, [...]

Purpose We studied neuromuscular block at the orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis muscles in anesthetized patients. Methods Fifty-four adult patients undergoing air-oxygen-sevoflurane-fentanyl and epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis groups of 18 patients each. In the three groups, the degree of neuromuscular block caused by rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was monitored at the orbicularis oris, corrugator supercilii, and adductor pollicis muscles acceleromyographically. Results Onset of neuromuscular block did not significantly differ among the three groups [157 ± 60, 186 ± 73, and 148 ± 45 s; mean ± standard deviation (SD)]. Minimum value of 1st stimulation in train-of-four (T1)/control at the corrugator supercilii group was significantly higher than in the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis groups (0.108 ± 0.066 vs. 0.021 ± 0.024 and 0.002 ± 0.007; P < 0.001). T1/control at the orbicularis oris group was significantly higher than at the adductor pollicis group 30 min after rocuronium (P < 0.05). T1/control at the corrugator supercilii group was significantly higher than at the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis groups 10-30 and 10--40 min, respectively, after rocuronium (P < 0.05). Train-of-four ratios at the orbicularis oris and corrugator supercilii groups were significantly higher than at the adductor pollicis group 40-120 min after rocuronium (P < 0.05). Conclusion The corrugator supercilii muscle is more resistant to rocuronium than the orbicularis oris and adductor pollicis muscles. Recovery of neuromuscular block at the orbicularis oris muscle is slower than that at the corrugator supercilii muscle but was faster than that at the adductor pollicis muscle. Keywords Orbicularis oris muscle * Corrugator supercilii muscle * Adductor pollicis muscle * Rocuronium, Introduction The level of neuromuscular block can be evaluated at the corrugator supercilii (CS) muscle. Monitoring neuromuscular block at the CS muscle is useful to detect a profound degree of [...]

The purpose of this paper was to determine whether recommendations made by King & Murphy (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 44:2717-2733, 2014) in their review of the evidence on autistic people in contact with the criminal justice system (CJS) have been addressed. Research published since 2013 was systematically examined and synthesised. The quality of 47 papers was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings suggest a limited amount of good quality research has been conducted that has focused on improving our understanding of autistic people in contact with the CJS since 2013. Methodological limitations make direct comparisons between autistic and non-autistic offenders difficult. Autistic people commit a range of crimes and appear to have unique characteristics that warrant further exploration (i.e., vulnerabilities, motivations for offending)., Author(s): J. Collins [sup.1] , K. Horton [sup.1] , E. Gale-St. Ives [sup.1] , G. Murphy [sup.1] , M. Barnoux [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.9759.2, 0000 0001 2232 2818, Tizard [...]

We recently read the interesting and informative paper entitled 'Empathic accuracy and cognitive and affective empathy in young adults with and without autism spectrum disorder' (McKenzie et al. in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 52: 1-15, 2021). This paper expands recent findings from our lab (Ben-David in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 50: 741-756, 2020a; International Journal of Audiology 60: 319-321, 2020b) and a recent theoretical framework (Icht et al. in Autism Research 14: 1948-1964, 2021) that may suggest a new purview for McKenzie et al.'s results. Namely, these papers suggest that young adults with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability can successfully recruit their cognitive abilities to distinguish between different simple spoken emotions, but may still face difficulties processing complex, subtle emotions. McKenzie et al. (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 52: 1-15, 2021) extended these findings to the processing of emotions in video clips, with both visual and auditory information., Author(s): Michal Icht [sup.1] , Gil Zukerman [sup.1] , Esther Ben-Itzchak [sup.1] [sup.2] , Boaz M. Ben-David [sup.3] [sup.4] [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411434.7, 0000 0000 9824 6981, Department of [...]

This paper offers an overview of the current status of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and developmental disorders (DD) in Oman. A review of demographic and background information about Oman is first presented, followed by an overview of the current status of individuals with autism and developmental disorders, in terms of disability-related legislation, prevalence and diagnosis, as well as treatment and education. In the last section of the paper, major challenges faced in the field are addressed, including lack of autism awareness, lack of healthcare and educational programs or related services, lack of highly qualified professionals to implement evidence-based practices, issues regarding early identification and early intervention, as well as issues pertaining secondary transition, independent living and employment. Corresponding recommendation is proposed at the end of each challenge., Author(s): Maryam Alakhzami [sup.1] , Ann Huang [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.255272.5, 0000 0001 2364 3111, Duquesne University, , Pittsburgh, PA, USA Introduction Demographic Information Oman is located at the [...]

This paper examines the genesis of Leo Kanner's 1943 seminal paper on autism. It shows that describing children as autistic or lacking affective contact with people was not new by this time. But Kanner's proposal that infantile autism constituted a hitherto unidentified condition that was inborn and different from childhood schizophrenia was new. It also shows that Georg Frankl's influence on Kanner was important, but Kanner did not misappropriate his ideas or his research. Kanner developed his views on the basis of his observations of several children, his knowledge of the literature on childhood conditions, and his interactions with many scholars., Author(s): Marga Vicedo [sup.1] , Juan Ilerbaig [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.17063.33, 0000 0001 2157 2938, Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (IHPST), University of Toronto, [...]

Education is a fundamental right that enriches everyone's life. However, physically challenged people often debar from the general and advanced education system. Audio-Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (AV-ASR) based system is useful to improve the education of physically challenged people by providing hands-free computing. They can communicate to the learning system through AV-ASR. However, it is challenging to trace the lip correctly for visual modality. Thus, this paper addresses the appearance-based visual feature along with the co-occurrence statistical measure for visual speech recognition. Local Binary Pattern-Three Orthogonal Planes (LBP-TOP) and Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is proposed for visual speech information. The experimental results show that the proposed system achieves 76.60 % accuracy for visual speech and 96.00 % accuracy for audio speech recognition., Author(s): Saswati Debnath [sup.1] , Pinki Roy [sup.2] , Suyel Namasudra [sup.3] [sup.4] , Ruben Gonzalez Crespo [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/03f4gsr42, grid.448773.b, 0000 0004 1776 2773, Department of Computer [...]

Background Infants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) form a vulnerable population who are highly prone to mineral and bone disorders (MBD) including biochemical abnormalities, growth retardation, bone deformities, and fractures. We present a position paper on the diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD in infants based on available evidence and the opinion of experts from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) CKD-MBD and Dialysis working groups and the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce. Methods PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes) questions were generated, and relevant literature searches performed covering a population of infants below 2 years of age with CKD stages 2-5 or on dialysis. Clinical practice points (CPPs) were developed and leveled using the American Academy of Pediatrics grading matrix. A Delphi consensus approach was followed. Results We present 34 CPPs for diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD in infants, including dietary control of calcium and phosphate, and medications to prevent and treat CKD-MBD (native and active vitamin D, calcium supplementation, phosphate binders). Conclusion As there are few high-quality studies in this field, the strength of most statements is weak to moderate, and may need to be adapted to individual patient needs by the treating physician. Research recommendations to study key outcome measures in this unique population are suggested. Graphical Abstract, Author(s): Justine Bacchetta [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Claus Peter Schmitt [sup.4] , Sevcan A. Bakkaloglu [sup.5] , Shelley Cleghorn [sup.6] , Maren Leifheit-Nestler [sup.7] , Agnieszka Prytula [sup.8] , Bruno [...]

Czech's claims that my paper abounds with mistranslations, misrepresentations, and factual errors are refuted point-by-point, as is his declaration that the paper contains no relevant or new evidence. Asperger's statements that Franz Hamburger saved him from the Gestapo are reaffirmed and supported with a personal communication from Asperger's daughter, Dr. Maria Asperger Felder. Czech's criticism of anonymous peer reviewers and his call for retraction of my paper are, at best, unconstructive. In light of the current resurgence of authoritarian governments that promote xenophobic and racist ideology in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere, it is essential that details about the Nazi euthanasia program continue to be recalled and deliberated, as they are in this exchange. I stand by my paper., Author(s): Dean Falk [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0004 0472 0419, grid.255986.5, Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, , 2035 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Suite 206, 32310-3700, Tallahassee, FL, [...]

In her recent paper 'Non-complicit: Revisiting Hans Asperger's Career in Nazi-era Vienna,' Dean Falk claims to refute what she calls 'allegations' about Hans Asperger's role during National Socialism documented in my 2018 paper 'Hans Asperger, National Socialism, and 'race hygiene' in Nazi-era Vienna' and Edith Sheffer's book 'Asperger's Children.' Falk's paper, which relies heavily on online translation software, does not contain a single relevant piece of new evidence, but abounds with mistranslations, misrepresentations of the content of sources, and basic factual errors, and omits everything that does not support the author's agenda of defending Hans Asperger's record. The paper should never have passed peer review and, in view of the academic credibility of all parties concerned, it should be retracted., Author(s): Herwig Czech [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0000 9259 8492, grid.22937.3d, Department of Ethics, Collections and History of Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, , Währinger Straße 25, 1090, [...]

Autism is associated with a range of costs. This paper reviews the literature on estimating the economic costs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). More or less 50 papers covering multiple countries (US, UK, Australia, Canada, Sweden, the Netherlands, etc.) were analysed. Six types of costs are discussed in depth: (i) medical and healthcare service costs, (ii) therapeutic costs, (iii) (special) education costs, (iv) costs of production loss for adults with ASD, (v) costs of informal care and lost productivity for family/caregivers, and (vi) costs of accommodation, respite care, and out-of-pocket expenses. A general finding is that individuals with ASD and families with children with ASD have higher costs. Education costs appear to be a major cost component for parents with children with ASD., Author(s): Nicky Rogge [sup.1] , Juliette Janssen [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 0668 7884, grid.5596.f, Faculty of Economics and Business, Research Centre for Economics (ECON), KU Leuven, , Warmoesberg [...]

Some children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) demonstrate unusual islets of abilities or 'splinter skills' that represent relative strengths in their development. In this paper we present a clinical case of an 11-year-old Russian boy with ASD who spontaneously acquired the English language. While the child demonstrated language deficits in both English and Russian, the discrepancy between the languages was paradoxical given the lack of exposure to English language. This case study brings into question the importance of a language environment for children with ASD. Alternative pathway to language acquisition is discussed. We hypothesize that that incidental second language acquisition in children with ASD resulting from media exposure could become more frequent with the availability of the Internet., Author(s): Marina A. Zhukova [sup.1] [sup.2] , Oksana I. Talantseva [sup.1] , Iuliia An [sup.1] , Elena L. Grigorenko [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.15447.33, 0000 0001 [...]

While Extended Reality (XR) autism research, ranging from Augmented to Virtual Reality, focuses on socio-emotional abilities and autistic children requiring low support, common interventions address the entire spectrum and focus on other abilities, including perceptual abilities. Based on these observations, this paper first addresses common practitioners' interventions, and then suggests XR use cases and guidelines to better support them. To do so, 34 interviews were conducted with stakeholders, mainly including practitioners, and then analyzed. Emerging XR use cases were compared with the findings from two former systematic literature reviews, and emerging design guidelines were compared with the findings from a literature survey that we conducted. Findings suggest that collaborative XR sensory-based and mediation approaches could benefit the entire spectrum., Author(s): Valentin Bauer [sup.1] , Tifanie Bouchara [sup.1] [sup.2] , Patrick Bourdot [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.4444.0, 0000 0001 2112 9282, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LISN, VENISE Team, , Orsay, France [...]

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is diagnosed based on clinical and histological features including predominant IgA deposits in kidney biopsy. The multi-hit theory, based on the production of GDIgA1 and anti-GDIgA1 antibodies, and complement activation via alternative and lectin pathways and also a genetic tendency are crucial in the pathogenesis of IgAN. The aim of the present review is to summarize the utility of routine diagnostic tests in IgA nephropathy, such as IgA and C3 in serum and kidney biopsy specimens, for predicting the disease progression. The paper also contains data on new markers used in the diagnosis and prognosis of IgA nephropathy., Author(s): Malgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.13339.3b, 0000000113287408, Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Warsaw, , Warsaw, Poland Introduction IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis [...]

The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing as of September 2022. Since January 2020 when the first case was reported in Japan, the medical community faced a variety of problems both domestically and internationally. It is meaningful to review the impact of COVID-19 from an anesthesiologist's perspective to clarify our policy for future infectious disease outbreaks. In this year's Journal of Anesthesia (JA) symposium, five experts who were deeply involved in the COVID-19 response reviewed the past 2.5 years and made recommendations for potential future pandemics. Anesthesiologists are specialists in airway management and their role in intubating patients with COVID-19 has received much attention. However, they have also played an important backup role in intensive care as critical care physicians and must be more involved in critical care in regular (non-pandemic) times to properly fulfill this role. It is especially important for the Japan Society of Anesthesiologists and JA to quickly disseminate accurate information on unknown infectious diseases to the medical community and wider society. Therefore, it is important to promptly publish papers that are quality-assured through peer review., Author(s): Kanji Uchida [sup.1], Osamu Nishida [sup.2], Hiroshi Morimatsu [sup.3], Takahisa Goto [sup.4], Yutaka Oda [sup.5], Takashi Asai [sup.6] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.26999.3d, 0000 0001 2151 536X, Department of Anesthesiology, [...]

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is gaining importance in the current paediatric healthcare landscape. Improvement of paediatric health status is its major aim. However, for EBM to be successful, all stakeholders involved should understand what EBM really is, why and how EBM should or should not be practiced, and have the necessary skills to distinguish methodologically sound papers from biased opinion papers, and understand how and why guidelines are different from systematic reviews. Improving patient outcome requires attention to high-quality evidence and understanding of the processes of medical decision-making. Rigorous methodology is the cornerstone of guideline production, but in cases where quality evidence cannot be produced, as is often the case in paediatric nephrology because of low patient numbers, consensus-based guidance may be suitable to assist the practitioner at the bedside, as long as the underlying process is transparent. Most importantly, EBM should support patient involvement in a shared decision-making process. The more consistent and accurately predictable the effect of certain interventions is, clinically relevant to patients rather than affecting surrogate outcomes, and a priority for patients and other stakeholders, the more likely it is that adherence to the guidance provided will improve the outcome of patients., Author(s): Evelien Snauwaert [sup.1] , Johan VandeWalle [sup.1] , Evi V. Nagler [sup.2] [sup.3] , Wim Van Biesen [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, [...]

The purpose of this paper is to address the potential use of cognitive remediation interventions for children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The prevalence and risk for neurocognitive dysfunction in children with this condition remains high, but, to date, interventions targeting these challenges have not been attempted either individually or as part of a larger treatment program. This is the next logical step in addressing the neurocognitive dysfunction that can be present in pediatric CKD/ESKD, with the field needing to determine the efficacy of cognitive remediation approaches for this population. To our knowledge, this paper is the first to raise this possibility by identifying candidate treatments addressing the neurocognitive challenges observed in children and adolescents with CKD/ESKD. Initially, we present the rationale for the importance of addressing the cognitive difficulties in this population, including an overview of the literature documenting the neurocognitive deficits associated with pediatric-onset CKD/ESKD. This is followed by a review of five candidate cognitive remediation programs that may be applicable to patients with this condition, and associated factors that could affect such treatment. The paper concludes with suggestions for both clinical and research initiatives that could be implemented to examine cognitive remediation as potential components of a larger treatment program for children and adolescents with CKD/ESKD., Author(s): Karina Javalkar [sup.1] , Maria E. Ferris [sup.1] , Jessica Cuttance [sup.1] , Stephen R. Hooper [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 0000000122483208, [...]

In this paper, we report on a participatory oral history study documenting the lives of late-diagnosed autistic adults in Australia. We interviewed 26 autistic adults about their life history and the impact of late diagnosis. All were diagnosed after the age of 35, growing up in an era when autism was not well known. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we uncovered a rich body of reflections on shared Autistic identity and identified three major themes within that data set: 'conceptualising the Autistic family', 'creating Autistic community', and 'contesting Autistic identity'. Overall, the study provides insights into the active creation of shared Autistic identity and the importance of Autistic community to these late-diagnosed autistic adults., Author(s): Rozanna Lilley [sup.1] [sup.2] , Wenn Lawson [sup.1] [sup.2] , Gabrielle Hall [sup.1] [sup.2] , Joanne Mahony [sup.1] [sup.2] , Hayley Clapham [sup.3] , Melanie Heyworth [sup.1] , Samuel [...]

Pediatric Feeding Disorder, a common problem in children, is commoner in children with various developmental disorders. Children with pediatric feeding disorder can have food selectivity and lack dietary diversity (DD). In this paper, an understanding of DD in these children is provided along with a dietary diversity index that can be helpful in measuring and understanding the risks posed by this lack of DD. An overview of a management strategy to address decreased DD is proposed. In these children, improving DD can improve growth, micronutrient status, long-term metabolic health, and potentially quality of life., Author(s): Megan Van Hoorn [sup.1] , Mary Beth Feuling [sup.2] , Kim Allen [sup.3] , Rashelle Berry [sup.4] , Shonda Brown [sup.5] , Christine M. Sullivan [sup.6] , Praveen S. [...]

In response to Vivanti's 'Ask The Editor...' paper [Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(2), 691-693], we argue that the use of language in autism research has material consequences for autistic people including stigmatisation, dehumanisation, and violence. Further, that the debate in the use of person-first language versus identity-first language should centre first and foremost on the needs, autonomy, and rights of autistic people, so in to preserve their rights to self-determination. Lastly, we provide directions for future research., Author(s): Monique Botha [sup.1] [sup.4] , Jacqueline Hanlon [sup.2] , Gemma Louise Williams [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5475.3, 0000 0004 0407 4824, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill [...]

Purpose Asthma is a common comorbidity in patients with bronchiectasis and has been shown to increase the risk of bronchiectasis exacerbations. This paper explores the impact of comorbid asthma on patients receiving intravenous antibiotic treatment for bronchiectasis exacerbations. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of the Meropenem randomised controlled trial of 90 patients that had intravenous antibiotic treatment for bronchiectasis exacerbations. The participants were split into two groups: group 1 (asthma and bronchiectasis) and group 2 (bronchiectasis). The authors assessed response to treatment and time to next exacerbation. Results There were 38 participants in group 1 and 34 participants in group 2. The groups were found to be comparable in terms of age, sex, and bronchiectasis severity (median (95% CI) group 1 and then group 2 data): age 64.0(59.3, 68.6) and 63.6(57.9, 69.4) years old, p = 0.8; 57.9% and 64.7% female, p = 0.6; Bronchiectasis Severity Index 11.1(9.8, 12.4) and 10.1(8.2, 12.0), p = 0.3. There was a similar response to treatment between the groups, but group 1 were found to relapse early by day 14, 31.6% in group 1 and 11.8% in group 2, p = 0.03. In the Cox proportional hazards model, asthma was the only independent risk factor for early relapse by day 14 (odds ratio (95% CI) 3.16 (1.02-9.79), p = 0.047). Conclusion The clinical response to treatment was similar but patients with coexisting asthma were at increased risk of early relapse within 14 days of stopping intravenous antibiotic therapy. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02047773., Author(s): Andrew R. Hill [sup.1], Pallavi Bedi [sup.2], Manjit K. Cartlidge [sup.3], Kim Turnbull [sup.3], Samantha Donaldson [sup.2], Andrea Clarke [sup.3], Jane Crowe [sup.2], Kadiga Campbell [sup.3], Ruzanna Franguylan [sup.3], [...]

The inclusion of body mass index (BMI) as a criterion for determining kidney transplant candidacy in children raises clinical and ethical challenges. Childhood obesity is on the rise and common among children with kidney failure. In addition, obesity is reported as an independent risk factor for the development of CKD and kidney failure. Resultantly, more children with obesity are anticipated to need kidney transplants. Most transplant centers around the world use high BMI as a relative or absolute contraindication for kidney transplant. However, use of obesity as a relative or absolute contraindication for pediatric kidney transplant is controversial. Empirical data demonstrating poorer outcomes following kidney transplant in obese pediatric patients are limited. In addition, pediatric obesity is distributed inequitably among groups. Unlike adults, most children lack independent agency to choose their food sources and exercise opportunities; they are dependent on their families for these choices. In this paper, we define childhood obesity and review (1) the association and impact of obesity on kidney disease and kidney transplant, (2) existing adult guidelines and rationale for using high BMI as a criterion for kidney transplant, (3) the prevalence of childhood obesity among children with kidney failure, and (4) the existing literature on obesity and pediatric kidney transplant outcomes. We then discuss ethical considerations related to the use of obesity as a criterion for kidney transplant., Author(s): Emily R. Berkman [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Kelsey L. Richardson [sup.4] , Jonna D. Clark [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , André A. S. Dick [sup.5] , Mithya Lewis-Newby [sup.2] [sup.3] [...]

This paper describes the (Sin Exclusión) Transdisciplinary Autism Assessment and Resources ([S]TAAR) model and presents early metrics tracking efficiency and equity in access to high-quality comprehensive autism evaluations for young children. Retrospective chart reviews over one year (08/2018-08/2019) with n = 173 children were reviewed. Through care coordination with community providers, the model was developed to meet local needs by increasing throughput of children (< 4 years old) evaluated by a transdisciplinary team. Team-based processes included pre-visit triage, synchronous evaluation procedures, case conferencing, huddles, and care coordination. The model led to increased patient throughput, reductions in waitlist and time to diagnosis, and improved provider satisfaction. Improvements in access to care were equitable across patient race, ethnicity, language, and insurance type., Author(s): Meredith I. Brinster [sup.1] , Briana H. Brukilacchio [sup.2] , Autumn Fikki-Urbanovsky [sup.2] , Jeffrey D. Shahidullah [sup.1] , Sheri Ravenscroft [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.89336.37, 0000 0004 1936 [...]

In this paper the hypothesis is presented that Franz Kafka was a person with autism. This is done by analyzing and discussing his biography, letters, diaries and major works. Kafka's autism is an integral diagnosis which encompasses both his personal life and his work. This interpretation is contrary to other interpretations from the past which in all cases were only partially applicable to explain Kafka's life and work. In Kafka research the big secret of Kafka was how he was able to write he did, like no one before him had done. The function and use of parables are also discussed to support this autism hypothesis concerning Franz Kafka which ultimately makes his life and work more understandable and accessible., Author(s): Jerry Stuger [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Overvoorde 19, 1082 GA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Introduction In this paper the hypothesis is presented that Franz Kafka was a person with autism. [...]

This paper describes a process to define a comprehensive list of exemplars for seven core Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and report on interrater reliability in applying these exemplars to determine ASD case classification. Clinicians completed an iterative process to map specific exemplars from the CDC Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network criteria for ASD surveillance, DSM-5 text, and diagnostic assessments to each of the core DSM-5 ASD criteria. Clinicians applied the diagnostic exemplars to child behavioral descriptions in existing evaluation records to establish initial reliability standards and then for blinded clinician review in one site (phase 1) and for two ADDM Network surveillance years (phase 2). Interrater reliability for each of the DSM-5 diagnostic categories and overall ASD classification was high (defined as very good .60-.79 to excellent [greater than or equal to] .80 Kappa values) across sex, race/ethnicity, and cognitive levels for both phases. Classification of DSM-5 ASD by mapping specific exemplars from evaluation records by a diverse group of clinician raters is feasible and reliable. This framework provides confidence in the consistency of prevalence classifications of ASD and may be further applied to improve consistency of ASD diagnoses in clinical settings., Author(s): C. E. Rice [sup.1] [sup.2] , L. A. Carpenter [sup.3] , M. J. Morrier [sup.1] , C. Lord [sup.4] , M. DiRienzo [sup.2] , A. Boan [sup.3] , C. [...]

This paper focuses on the gut-lung axis in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), highlighting the key role played by microbial dysbiosis and the impact of environmental and genetic factors on the innate and acquired immune system and on chronic inflammation in the intestinal and pulmonary tracts. Recent evidence indicates that Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) perform regulatory activity influencing the composition of the microbiota. APCs (macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells) possess membrane receptors known as Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), a category of toll-like receptors (TLRs). PRRs recognise distinct microbial structures and microbial metabolites called Signals, which modulate the saprophytic microbial equilibrium of the healthy microbiota by recognising molecular profiles associated with commensal microbes (Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns, MAMPs). During dysbiosis, pathogenic bacteria can prompt an inflammatory response, producing PAMPs (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns) thereby activating the proliferation of inflammatory response cells, both local and systemic. This series of regulatory and immune-response events is responsible (together with chronic infection, incorrect diet, obesity, etc.) for the systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) known as 'low-grade inflammation' typical of COPD and IBD. This review looks at immunological research and explores the role of the microbiota, looking at two recent clinical studies, SPIROMICS and AERIS. There is a need for further clinical studies to characterize the pulmonary microbiota and to obtain new information about the pathogenesis of lung disease to improve our knowledge and treatment strategies and identify new therapeutic targets., Author(s): Francesco De Nuccio [sup.1], Prisco Piscitelli [sup.2], Domenico Maurizio Toraldo [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.9906.6, 0000 0001 2289 7785, Laboratory Human Anatomy, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and [...]

OBJECTIVES: The Aboriginal Children's Health and Well-Being Measure[C] (ACHWM) was developed to assess health from the perspectives of Aboriginal children. The purpose of this paper is to document the screening process, embedded within the ACHWM, and assess its effectiveness. METHODS: The ACHWM was implemented in 2014/2015 with children 8 to 18 years of age living on the Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory. Survey responses were screened to identify potential risk, using an automated algorithm run on computer tablets. Local mental health workers conducted brief mental health assessments to identify and support children at-risk. Data were analyzed to estimate effectiveness of this screening process. RESULTS: A total of 293 children completed the ACHWM. The screening tool identified 35% with potential risk. Mental health workers confirmed 18% of all participants as being at-risk, and all were referred for support. The sensitivity of the tool was 75% while specificity was 79%. Improvements to the screening algorithm resulted in a specificity of 97% and negative predictive value of 95%, with no loss of sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Responsible population health surveys require a process to recognize and respond to answers indicative of health risks. This paper provides an example of a screening and triage process that enabled our survey team to screen responses in real time, respond to potential risk immediately, and connect participants to local support services. This process proved essential to conducting an ethical survey. The high specificity and negative predictive value make it an effective triage tool that is particularly valuable in Aboriginal communities and with higher-risk populations. KEY WORDS: Mental health; early medical intervention; child; adolescent; Indigenous population; surveys and questionnaires OBJECTIFS : On a elabore l'outil de sondage Aboriginal Children's Health and Well-Being Measure (ACHWM) pour evaluer la sante selon la perspective des enfants autochtones. Le but de notre article est de decrire le processus de depistage integre dans l'ACHWM et d'en evaluer l'efficacite. METHODE : L'ACHWM a ete administre en 2014-2015 a des enfants et des jeunes de 8 a 18 ans vivant sur le territoire non cede des Wiikwemkoong. A l'aide d'un algorithme automatise execute sur des tablettes electroniques, les reponses au sondage ont ete criblees pour reperer les personnes potentiellement a risque. Des intervenants locaux en sante mentale ont mene de brefs examens de sante mentale pour reperer et soutenir les enfants et les jeunes a risque. Les donnees ont ete analysees pour estimer l'efficacite de ce processus de depistage. RESULTATS : En tout, 293 enfants et jeunes ont repondu au questionnaire ACHWM. L'outil de depistage en a identifie 35 % comme presentant un risque potentiel. Les intervenants en sante mentale ont confirme que 18 % des participants etaient a risque et les ont aiguilles vers des services de soutien. La sensibilite de l'outil etait de 75 %, et sa specificite, de 79 %. Des ameliorations a l'algorithme de depistage ont donne lieu a une specificite de 97 % et a une valeur predictive negative de 95 % sans perte de sensibilite. CONCLUSION : Pour etre responsables, les enquetes sur la sante de la population ont besoin d'un processus d'intervention pour les reponses qui soulevent des inquietudes. Notre article presente l'exemple d'un processus de depistage et de triage qui a permis a notre equipe de sondage de cribler les reponses en temps reel, d'intervenir immediatement en cas de risque potentiel et de mettre les participants en rapport avec des services de soutien locaux. Ce processus s'est avere essentiel a la conduite d'un sondage ethique. La haute specificite et la valeur predictive negative du sondage en font un outil de triage efficace particulierement precieux dans les communautes autochtones et aupres des populations a haut risque. MOTS CLES : sante mentale; intervention medicale precoce; enfant; adolescent; population d'origine amerindienne; enquetes de sante La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article. Can J Public Health 2016;107(4-5):e399-e403 doi: 10.17269/CJPH.107.5539, There is a movement towards gathering population-based data in First Nations communities, to support health services planning and evaluation for their members, and to support requests for program funding. While [...]

Executive functioning deficits found in college students with ASD may have debilitating effects on their everyday activities. Although laboratory studies tend to report unimpaired inhibition in autism, studies of resistance to distractor inhibition reveal difficulties. In two studies, we compared a Virtual Classroom task with paper-and-pencil and computerized Stroop modalities in typically developing individuals and individuals with ASD. While significant differences were not observed between ASD and neurotypical groups on the paper-and-pencil and computerized task, individuals with ASD performed significantly worse on the virtual task with distractors. Findings suggest the potential of the Virtual Classroom Bimodal Stroop task to distinguish between prepotent response inhibition (non-distraction condition) and resistance to distractor inhibition (distraction condition) in adults with high functioning autism., Author(s): Thomas D. Parsons[sup.1] , Anne R. Carlew[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Computational Neuropsychology and Simulation (CNS), Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, 76203, Denton, TX, [...]

OBJECTIVES: The field of retail food environments research is relatively new in Canada. The objective of this scoping review is to provide an overview of retail food environments research conducted before July 2015 in Canada. Specifically, this review describes research foci and key findings, identifies knowledge gaps and suggests future directions for research. METHODS: A search of published literature concerning Canadian investigations of retail food environment settings (food stores, restaurants) was conducted in July 2015 using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychInfo and ERIC. Studies published in English that reported qualitative or quantitative data on any aspect of the retail food environment were included, as were conceptual papers and commentaries. SYNTHESIS: Eighty-eight studies were included in this review and suggest that the field of retail food environments research is rapidly expanding in Canada. While only 1 paper was published before 2005, 66 papers were published between 2010 and 2015. Canadian food environments research typically assessed either the socio-economic patterning of food environments (n = 28) or associations between retail food environments and diet, anthropometric or health outcomes (n = 33). Other papers profiled methodological research, qualitative studies, intervention research and critical commentaries (n = 27). Key gaps in the current literature include measurement inconsistency among studies and a lack of longitudinal and intervention studies. CONCLUSION: Retail food environments are a growing topic of research, policy and program development in Canada. Consistent methods (where appropriate), longitudinal and intervention research, and close partnerships between researchers and key stakeholders would greatly advance the field of retail food environments research in Canada. KEY WORDS: Food; environment; inequalities; Canada; review OBJECTIFS: Le domaine de la recherche sur les environnements alimentaires au detail est relativement nouveau au Canada. Dans notre etude de champ, nous donnons un apercu de la recherche sur les environnements alimentaires au detail menee avant juillet 2015 au Canada. En particulier, nous decrivons les objectifs et les principales constatations de la recherche, nous en cernons les lacunes et nous suggerons des pistes de recherche futures. METHODE: Nous avons interroge les bases de donnees PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychInfo et ERIC en juillet 2015 pour recenser les enquetes canadiennes publiees qui traitent des points de vente d'aliments au detail (magasins d'alimentation, restaurants). Nous avons inclus les etudes parues en anglais qui presentaient des donnees qualitatives ou quantitatives sur tout aspect de l'environnement alimentaire au detail, ainsi que les documents conceptuels et les commentaires. SYNTHESE: Quatre-vingt-huit etudes ont ete incluses dans notre revue, ce qui indique que le domaine de la recherche sur les environnements alimentaires au detail se developpe rapidement au Canada. Un seul article avait ete publie avant 2005, mais 66 l'ont ete entre 2010 et 2015. La recherche canadienne sur les environnements alimentaires evalue generalement soit la structuration socioeconomique des environnements alimentaires (n = 28), soit les associations entre les environnements alimentaires au detail et le regime alimentaire, les donnees anthropometriques ou les resultats sanitaires (n = 33). Les autres articles presentent de la recherche methodologique, des etudes qualitatives, de la recherche d'intervention et des commentaires critiques (n = 27). Les principales lacunes dans la litterature actuelle sont le manque d'uniformite des indicateurs choisis dans les etudes et le manque d'etudes longitudinales et d'etudes d'intervention. CONCLUSION: Les environnements alimentaires au detail sont un sujet qui interesse de plus en plus la recherche et l'elaboration des politiques et des programmes au Canada. Des methodes uniformes (le cas echeant), des etudes longitudinales, de la recherche d'intervention et des partenariats etroits entre les chercheurs et les acteurs privilegies feraient grandement progresser le domaine de la recherche sur les environnements alimentaires au detail au Canada. MOTS CLES: nourriture; environnement; inegalites; Canada; revue de la litterature La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article. Can J Public Health 2016;107(Suppl. 1):eS4-eS13 doi: 10.17269/CJPH.107.5344, Unhealthy diets, which are common in Canada, (1,2) are important modifiable primary risk factors for many non-communicable diseases. (2-4) Dietary behaviours and their downstream effects on health are constrained and [...]

OBJECTIVE: Administrative health databases are increasingly used to conduct population-based health research and surveillance; this has resulted in a corresponding growth in studies about their quality. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of published Canadian studies about administrative health database quality. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Advanced were searched, along with websites of relevant organizations. English-language studies that evaluated the quality of one or more Canadian administrative health databases between 2004 and 2014 were selected for inclusion. Extracted information included data quality concepts and measures, year and type of publication, type of database, and geographic origin. SYNTHESIS: More than 3,000 publications were identified from the search. Twelve reports and 144 peer-reviewed papers were included. The majority (53.5%) of peer-review publications used databases from Ontario and Alberta, while 67% of the non-peer-review publications used data from multiple provinces/territories. Almost all peer-reviewed papers (97.2%) were validation studies. Hospital discharge abstracts and physician billing claims were the most frequently validated databases. Approximately half of the publications (53.0%) validated case definitions and 37.7% focused on a chronic physical health condition. CONCLUSION: Gaps in the Canadian administrative data quality literature include a limited number of studies evaluating data from the Maritimes and across multiple jurisdictions, newer data sources, validating methods for identifying individuals with mental illness, and assessing the completeness and serviceability of the data. Data quality studies can aid researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of the data. KEY WORDS: Data linkage; administrative health database; diagnosis codes; validation studies; review study OBJECTIF : On utilise de plus en plus les bases de donnees administratives sur la sante dans la recherche et la surveillance populationnelles en sante; le nombre d'etudes sur la qualite de ces bases de donnees croit lui aussi. Nous avons cherche a decrire les caracteristiques des etudes canadiennes publiees portant sur la qualite des bases de donnees administratives sur la sante. METHODE : Nous avons interroge PubMed, Scopus et Google Advanced, ainsi que les sites Web d'organismes pertinents. Nous avons inclus les etudes en anglais evaluant la qualite d'une ou de plusieurs bases de donnees administratives canadiennes sur la sante entre 2004 et 2014. Nous en avons extrait : les concepts et les indicateurs de la qualite des donnees; l'annee et le type de publication; le type de base de donnees; et l'origine geographique. SYNTHESE : La recherche a permis de repertorier plus de 3 000 publications. Douze rapports et 144 communications evaluees par des pairs ont ete inclus. La majorite (53,5%) des publications a comite de lecture utilisaient des bases de donnees de l'Ontario et de l'Alberta, tandis que 67% des publications sans comite de lecture utilisaient des donnees de plusieurs provinces ou territoires. Presque toutes les communications evaluees par des pairs (97,2%) etaient des etudes de validation. Les registres des sorties des hopitaux et les demandes de paiement des medecins etaient les bases de donnees les plus frequemment validees. Environ la moitie des publications (53,0%) validaient des definitions de cas et 37,7% portaient sur un probleme de sante physique chronique. CONCLUSION : La documentation sur la qualite des donnees administratives canadiennes comporte des lacunes, car un nombre limite d'etudes evaluent les donnees des provinces maritimes ou de plusieurs provinces ou territoires; evaluent les nouvelles sources de donnees; valident les methodes d'identification des personnes atteintes de maladies mentales; et evaluent l'exhaustivite et la fonctionnalite des donnees. Les etudes sur la qualite des donnees peuvent aider les chercheurs a comprendre les forces et les contraintes des donnees. MOTS CLES : maillage de donnees; base de donnees administratives sur la sante; codes de diagnostic; etudes de validation; etude de synthese La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article. Can J Public Health 2016;107(1):e56-e61 doi: 10.17269/CJPH.107.5244, Canada has one of the richest collections worldwide of electronic health databases, including administrative health databases, clinical registries, electronic medical records, and health surveys. (1,2) The number of studies that [...]

This research used an alternating treatment design to investigate the relative effectiveness of participant specific social stories delivered using two distinct formats (i.e., technology-based, paper/book), on increasing the frequency of initiations and responses of two adolescents with ASD. Visual analysis of baseline, intervention, maintenance, and generalization data results indicated the intervention increased the frequency of initiations and on-topic responses regardless of delivery format; however, calculation of Percentage of Nonoverlapping Pairs and TAU-U for both formats indicated variable levels of effectiveness for each condition, with ranges of 43-86% and 0.02381-0.76190 respectively. Finally, despite varied results, both participants preferred the technology-based social story format and parents of both participants agreed the social story intervention increased communicative skills., Author(s): Nicole Anthony [sup.1] [sup.2] , Jonna Bobzien [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.255852.d, 0000 0000 9472 7497, Early Childhood, Elementary, Middle Grades, Reading, and Special Education Department, Fayetteville State University, [...]

This paper investigated the characteristics of mothers of children with a disability who registered for a mental health and wellbeing workshop. The questionnaire measured mental health, health-related behaviours, empowerment, family cohesion, wellbeing and child-related variables. Regression analysis identified factors associated with depressive symptoms and positive wellbeing. Fifty-seven percent of participants (N = 171) had depressive symptoms within the clinical range. Higher symptoms were associated with reduced: empowerment (r = - .39, p < .01); positive-wellbeing (r = - .66, p < .05); and healthy activity (r = - .41, p < .001). Low positive wellbeing ([beta] = .55, p < .001) was the strongest predictor of depressive symptoms. Family cohesion ([beta] = .25, p < .001), was the strongest predictor of positive-wellbeing. Future health and wellbeing interventions that support mothers with high care responsibilities should include psycho-education and strategies to address healthy maternal and family-related behaviour changes., Author(s): Helen M. Bourke-Taylor [sup.1] , Kahli S. Joyce [sup.1] , Sarah Grzegorczyn [sup.2] , Loredana Tirlea [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.1002.3, 0000 0004 1936 7857, Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty [...]