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A polarization independent 1 × 3 equal optical power splitter (OPS) based on the self-collimation effect in two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal (PC) is proposed. Two splitter structures are introduced in the self-collimation 2-D PC, both of which have an air layer and a row of defect air holes. The proposed OPS is simulated using Rsoft software combined with plane wave expansion method and two finite-difference time-domain method. The results show that the beam for transverse electric (TE) mode and transverse magnetic (TM) mode can be self-collimated and divided equally into three outputs at the operating wavelength of 1310 nm. The transmission efficiencies are 95% for TE mode and 93% for TM mode, and the corresponding additional losses are 0.223 and 0.315 dB for TE mode and TM mode, respectively. The steady times are lower than 1.4 ps. The proposed polarization independent 1 × 3 equal OPS will have potential applications in optical fiber communication system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reconfigurable microwave photonic filter based on a polarization modulator (PolM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The PolM together with a polarization controller (PC) and a polarization beam splitter (PBS) implements two complementary intensity modulations in two separated branches. Then, optical components are inserted in the two branches to realize a bandpass filter and an allpass filter, respectively.When the two branches are combined by a second PBS, a filter with a frequency response that equals the subtraction of the frequency responses of the allpass filter and bandpass filter is achieved. By adjusting the PCs placed before the second PBS, a notch filter with a tunable notch depth or a bandpass filter can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]