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12. Investigations on birefringence effects in polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings

Author

Kalli, Kyriacos, Mendez, Alexis, Hu, X., Sáez Rodríguez, D., Bang, O., Webb, D.J., Caucheteur, C., Kalli, Kyriacos, Mendez, Alexis, Hu, X., Sáez Rodríguez, D., Bang, O., Webb, D.J., and Caucheteur, C.

Abstract

Step-index polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings (POFBGs) and microstructured polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings (mPOFBGs) present several attractive features, especially for sensing purposes. In comparison to FBGs written in silica fibers, they are more sensitive to temperature and pressure because of the larger thermo-optic coefficient and smaller Young's modulus of polymer materials. (M)POFBGs are most often photowritten in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) materials using a continuous-wave 325 nm HeCd laser. For the first time to the best of our knowledge, we study photoinduced birefringence effects in (m)POFBGs. To achieve this, highly reflective gratings were inscribed with the phase mask technique. They were then monitored in transmission with polarized light. For this, (m)POF sections a few cm in length containing the gratings were glued to angled silica fibers. Polarization dependent loss (PDL) and differential group delay (DGD) were computed from the Jones matrix eigenanalysis using an optical vector analyser. Maximum values exceeding several dB and a few picoseconds were obtained for the PDL and DGD, respectively. The response to lateral force was finally investigated. As it induces birefringence in addition to the photo-induced one, an increase of the PDL and DGD values were noticed. © 2014 Copyright SPIE.

Published
2014

24. Kerr effect in structured superluminal media

Author

Angulo-Vinuesa, X., primary, Martin-López, S., additional, Caucheteur, C., additional, Kinet, D., additional, Wuilpart, M., additional, Denisov, A., additional, Chin, S. H., additional, Thévenaz, L., additional, and González-Herráez, M., additional

Published
2012
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50. D-shape optical fiber immunosensors based on SPR for cortisol detection: simulation and experimental procedure

Author

Maria Simone Soares, Diogo Rodrigues, Miguel Vidal, Margarida Facão, Nunzio Cennamo, L. Zeni, Christophe Caucheteur, Florinda M. Costa, Cátia Leitão, Sónia O. Pereira, Nuno Santos, Carlos F. Marques, SPIE, Bunge, Christian-Alexander, Soares, M. S., Rodrigues, D., Vidal, M., Facao, M., Cennamo, N., Zeni, L., Caucheteur, C., Costa, F., Leitao, C., Pereira, S. O., Santos, N. F., and Marques, C.

Subjects
silica optical fiber, D-shape, SPR, cortisol, Immunosensor, polymeric optical fiber
Abstract

Stress is a normal physiological and behavioral response to a stimulus that somehow disturbs the maintenance of homeostasis, leading to changes in cortisol levels. When stress is persistent and uncontrolled, it can severely affect several areas, such as human health and some marine biology sectors, including aquaculture production. Currently, the detection of cortisol is performed in laboratories using conventional techniques with several disadvantages, one of them being the long waiting time for a response. Therefore, it is essential the development of miniaturized analytical devices capable of monitoring in real-time, detecting and quantifying cortisol in point of care (POC). Special optical fiber structure, in this case, D-shape in silica optical fibers (SOF) and polymeric optical fibers (POF) coated with gold (Au) were used in this work for the development of immunosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for cortisol (stress hormone) detection. In the laboratory, Au coated SOF (Au-SOF) and Au coated POF (Au-POF) were initially characterized at refractive index (RI) with eight glucose concentrations ranging from 1.333 to 1.386 RI units (RIU). The obtained sensitivities were, respectively, 1646.67 ± 91.66 nm/RIU, being lower than the simulated one with 2138.95 ± 142.65 nm/RIU, and 1566.81 ± 96.87 nm/RIU. Subsequently, the fibers were functionalized with anti-cortisol antibodies using cysteamine as the intermediate linker to allow the immobilization of the antibodies to the Au surface. After this procedure, both immunosensors were tested for cortisol concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 ng/ml to compare the performances, in which the Au-SOF and Au-POF immunosensors presented a total resonance wavelength shift of 3.22 and 2.10 nm, and sensitivities of 1.08 ± 0.21 nm/log(ng/mL) and 0.52 ± 0.03 nm/log(ng/mL), respectively. Different limits of detection (LODs) were calculated using different methods for each type of immunosensor. One method consisted in performing a Hill fitting to the results and another considering the response of the control interferents. For Au-SOF and Au-POF, the LODs attained through the first method were 0.12 and 0.13 ng/mL (considering the resonance wavelength shift), respectively, and 0.14 ng/mL considering the intensity variation of Au-POF. The second method enabled a LOD of 1.75 and 1.97 ng/mL for Au-SOF and Au-POF, respectively.

Published
2022

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